καλάϊνος

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

καλλάϊνος (kalláïnos)

Etymology

From κάλλαις (kállais, “a precious blue-green stone such as turquoise”) +‎ -ινος (-inos); the further etymology of the first component is unknown.^[1]

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ka.lá.i.nos/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /kaˈla.i.nos/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /kaˈla.i.nos/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /kaˈla.i.nos/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /kaˈla.i.nos/

Adjective

κᾰλάϊνος • (kăláïnos) m (feminine κᾰλᾰΐνη, neuter κᾰλάϊνον); first/second declension

shimmering blue-green

Declension

First and second declension of κᾰλᾰ́ῐ̈νος; κᾰλᾰῐ̈́νη; κᾰλᾰ́ῐ̈νον (Attic)

Number	Singular			Dual			Plural
Case/Gender	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	κᾰλᾰ́ῐ̈νος kălắĭ̈nos	κᾰλᾰῐ̈́νη kălăĭ̈́nē	κᾰλᾰ́ῐ̈νον kălắĭ̈non	κᾰλᾰῐ̈́νω kălăĭ̈́nō	κᾰλᾰῐ̈́νᾱ kălăĭ̈́nā	κᾰλᾰῐ̈́νω kălăĭ̈́nō	κᾰλᾰ́ῐ̈νοι kălắĭ̈noi	κᾰλᾰ́ῐ̈ναι kălắĭ̈nai	κᾰλᾰ́ῐ̈νᾰ kălắĭ̈nă
Genitive	κᾰλᾰῐ̈́νου kălăĭ̈́nou	κᾰλᾰῐ̈́νης kălăĭ̈́nēs	κᾰλᾰῐ̈́νου kălăĭ̈́nou	κᾰλᾰῐ̈́νοιν kălăĭ̈́noin	κᾰλᾰῐ̈́ναιν kălăĭ̈́nain	κᾰλᾰῐ̈́νοιν kălăĭ̈́noin	κᾰλᾰῐ̈́νων kălăĭ̈́nōn	κᾰλᾰῐ̈́νων kălăĭ̈́nōn	κᾰλᾰῐ̈́νων kălăĭ̈́nōn
Dative	κᾰλᾰῐ̈́νῳ kălăĭ̈́nōi	κᾰλᾰῐ̈́νῃ kălăĭ̈́nēi	κᾰλᾰῐ̈́νῳ kălăĭ̈́nōi	κᾰλᾰῐ̈́νοιν kălăĭ̈́noin	κᾰλᾰῐ̈́ναιν kălăĭ̈́nain	κᾰλᾰῐ̈́νοιν kălăĭ̈́noin	κᾰλᾰῐ̈́νοις kălăĭ̈́nois	κᾰλᾰῐ̈́ναις kălăĭ̈́nais	κᾰλᾰῐ̈́νοις kălăĭ̈́nois
Accusative	κᾰλᾰ́ῐ̈νον kălắĭ̈non	κᾰλᾰῐ̈́νην kălăĭ̈́nēn	κᾰλᾰ́ῐ̈νον kălắĭ̈non	κᾰλᾰῐ̈́νω kălăĭ̈́nō	κᾰλᾰῐ̈́νᾱ kălăĭ̈́nā	κᾰλᾰῐ̈́νω kălăĭ̈́nō	κᾰλᾰῐ̈́νους kălăĭ̈́nous	κᾰλᾰῐ̈́νᾱς kălăĭ̈́nās	κᾰλᾰ́ῐ̈νᾰ kălắĭ̈nă
Vocative	κᾰλᾰ́ῐ̈νε kălắĭ̈ne	κᾰλᾰῐ̈́νη kălăĭ̈́nē	κᾰλᾰ́ῐ̈νον kălắĭ̈non	κᾰλᾰῐ̈́νω kălăĭ̈́nō	κᾰλᾰῐ̈́νᾱ kălăĭ̈́nā	κᾰλᾰῐ̈́νω kălăĭ̈́nō	κᾰλᾰ́ῐ̈νοι kălắĭ̈noi	κᾰλᾰ́ῐ̈ναι kălắĭ̈nai	κᾰλᾰ́ῐ̈νᾰ kălắĭ̈nă
Derived forms	Adverb			Comparative			Superlative
Derived forms	κᾰλᾰῐ̈́νως kălăĭ̈́nōs			κᾰλᾰῐ̈νώτερος kălăĭ̈nṓteros			κᾰλᾰῐ̈νώτᾰτος kălăĭ̈nṓtătos
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Colors in Ancient Greek · χρώμᾰτᾰ (khrṓmătă) (layout · text)
λευκός (leukós)	γλαυκός (glaukós), κῐλλός (kĭllós), πολῐός (polĭós), φαιός (phaiós), χαροπός (kharopós)	ᾰ̓μαυρός (ămaurós), κελαινός (kelainós), μαυρός (maurós), μέλᾱς (mélās)
ἐρῠθρός (erŭthrós); κᾰρῡ́κῐνος (kărū́kĭnos), κόκκῐνος (kókkĭnos), φοινός (phoinós)	πυρρός (purrhós); ὄρφνῐνος (órphnĭnos)	μήλινος (mḗlinos), ξᾰνθός (xănthós); ὠχρός (ōkhrós)
πρᾰ́σῐνος (prắsĭnos)	χλωρός (khlōrós)	χλωρός (khlōrós); χλωρομέλᾱς (khlōromélās)
κῠᾰ́νεος (kŭắneos); γλαυκός (glaukós), κᾰλάϊνος (kăláïnos)	κῠᾰ́νεος (kŭắneos)	κῠᾰ́νεος (kŭắneos), ὑᾰκῐ́νθῐνος (huăkĭ́nthĭnos)
ἰόεις (ióeis), φοινῑ́κεος (phoinī́keos); ᾰ̔λουργής (hălourgḗs), πορφῠ́ρεος (porphŭ́reos), οἶνοψ (oînops)	φοινῑ́κεος (phoinī́keos); ᾰ̔λουργής (hălourgḗs), πορφῠ́ρεος (porphŭ́reos)	ῥόδινος (rhódinos), ῥοδόεις (rhodóeis)

References

^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “καλάϊνος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 621