φῦσα

See also: φύσα

Ancient Greek

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /pʰŷː.sa/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈpʰy.sa/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈɸy.sa/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈfy.sa/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈfi.sa/

Etymology 1

Nominal formation in σᾶ (sâ), with the exact form and origin of the root unclear. Candidates include φυ- (phu-), φυσ- (phus-), φυτ- (phut-), or φυκ- (phuk-), but none of these can be shown to have existed in Greek.

Comparanda include Old Armenian փուք (pʻukʻ, “breath, wind, fart”) (< φυκ-ι̯α (phuk-i̯a); however, φῦσα (phûsa) cannot derive from this form), Sanskrit फूत्करोति (phūtkaroti, “to puff, blow”) (< φυτ-ι̯α (phut-i̯a)), फुफुस (phuphusa, “lungs”), as well as Latin pustula (“bladder”),Classical Persian (pūgān, “uterus”),Dari (pōqāna, “urine bladder”),Iranian Persian (pop, “lung (Qaenī dialect)”), Old Church Slavonic пухати (puxati, “to blow”), Sanskrit पुष्यति (puṣyati, “to thrive, prosper”). (< φυσ- (phus-)).

Despite the existence of all this Indo-European material, the word may well have a Pre-Greek origin, based on the suffix of the derivative φῦσιγξ (phûsinx, “heel blister”), as well as the lack of solid evidence for a Proto-Indo-European *bʰus-.^[1] Regardless, the words mentioned above, as well as the Greek term, may have onomatopoeic origins.

Noun

φῦσᾰ • (phûsă) f (genitive φῡ́σης); first declension

(mostly in the plural) pair of bellows; smithies
(anatomy) bladder
Synonym: κύστις (kústis)
pouch of the beaver
breath, wind, blast
wind in the body, flatus
(of fire) stream, jet
bubble
crater of a volcano
(botany) calyx of φυσαλλίς (phusallís)
kind of fish found in the Nile

Inflection

First declension of ἡ φῦσᾰ; τῆς φῡ́σης (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ φῦσᾰ hē phûsă	τὼ φῡ́σᾱ tṑ phū́sā	αἱ φῦσαι hai phûsai
Genitive	τῆς φῡ́σης tês phū́sēs	τοῖν φῡ́σαιν toîn phū́sain	τῶν φῡσῶν tôn phūsôn
Dative	τῇ φῡ́σῃ tēî phū́sēi	τοῖν φῡ́σαιν toîn phū́sain	ταῖς φῡ́σαις taîs phū́sais
Accusative	τὴν φῦσᾰν tḕn phûsăn	τὼ φῡ́σᾱ tṑ phū́sā	τᾱ̀ς φῡ́σᾱς tā̀s phū́sās
Vocative	φῦσᾰ phûsă	φῡ́σᾱ phū́sā	φῦσαι phûsai
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

ἄφῡσος (áphūsos)
φῡσᾰλέος (phūsăléos)
φῡσᾰ́λλῐς (phūsắllĭs)
φῡσᾰλος (phūsălos)
φῡσᾰ́ρῐον (phūsắrĭon)
φῡσᾰσμός (phūsăsmós)
φῡσᾰ́ω (phūsắō)
φῡ́σημᾰ (phū́sēmă)
φῡ́σησῐς (phū́sēsĭs)
φῡσητήρ (phūsētḗr)
φῡσητής (phūsētḗs)
φῡσητός (phūsētós)
φῡσήφρων (phūsḗphrōn)
φῡσῐ́ᾱμᾰ (phūsĭ́āmă)
φῡσῐᾰσμός (phūsĭăsmós)
φῦσῐγξ (phûsĭnx)
φῡσῐ́όω (phūsĭ́óō)
φῡσῐ́ωσῐς (phūsĭ́ōsĭs)
φῠ́σκη (phŭ́skē)
φῡσόβᾰθρον (phūsóbăthron)
φῡσοειδής (phūsoeidḗs)
φῡσόομαι (phūsóomai)
φῠστή (phŭstḗ)
φῡσώδης (phūsṓdēs)

Descendants

→ Translingual: Physostigma

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Participle

φῦσᾰ • (phûsă)

feminine nominative/vocative singular of φῡ́ς (phū́s)

References

^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “φῦσα”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 1599-600