шо

See also: што, що, and Appendix:Variations of "so"

Chechen

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Nakh *šo (year). Cognate with Bats შო (šo) and Ingush шу (šu).

Noun

шо • (šoclass ?

  1. year

Ingush

Alternative forms

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Nakh *šu.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈʃu/

Pronoun

шо • (šo)

  1. you (plural)

Declension

Ingush personal pronouns
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
exclusive inclusive
nominative со (so) хьо (ḥʳo) из (iz) тхо (txo) вай (vaj) шо (šo) уж ()
genitive са (sa) хьа (ḥʳa) цун (cun) тха (txa) вай (vaj) шун (šun) ца̄р (caar)
dative со̄на (soona) хьо̄на (ḥʳoona) цунна (cunna) тхо̄на (txoona) вайна (vajna) шоана (šoana) ца̄рна (caarna)
ergative а̄з (aaz) ӏа (ˀa) цо̄ (coo) оаха (oaxa) вай (vaj) оаш (oaš) ца̄ра (caara)
allative со̄га (sooga) хьо̄га (ḥʳooga) цунга (cunga) тхо̄га (txooga) вайга (vajga) шуга (šuga) ца̄рга (caarga)
ablative со̄гара (soogara) хьо̄гара (ḥʳoogara) цунгара (cungara) тхо̄гара (txoogara) вайгара (vajgara) шугара (šugara) ца̄ргара (caargara)
instrumental со̄ца (sooca) хьо̄ца (ḥʳooca) цунца (cunca) тхо̄ца (txooca) вайца (vajca) шуца (šuca) ца̄рца (caarca)
lative сох (sox) хьох (ḥʳox) цунах (cunax) тхох (txox) вайх (vajx) шух (šux) ца̄рех (caarex)
comparative сол (sol) хьол (ḥʳol) цул (cul) тхол (txol) вайл (vajl) шул (šul) ца̄рел (caarel)

References

  • Nichols, Johanna B. (2004) “шо”, in Ingush–English and English–Ingush Dictionary, London and New York: Routledge, page 554
  • Bekova, A. I., Dudarov, U. B., Ilijeva, F. M., Malʹsagova, L. D., Tarijeva, L. U. (2009) “шо”, in Ingušsko-russkij slovarʹ [Ingush–Russian Dictionary], Nalchik: Ingušskij NII GN, page 35

Macedonian

Etymology

Conversational form of што (što).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ʃɔ]
  • Audio:(file)
  • Hyphenation: шо
  • Rhymes:

Pronoun

шо • (šo)

  1. (colloquial) what, alternative form of што (što)
    Synonym: (dialectal) шчо (ščo)
    Шо збо́руваш?Šo zbóruvaš?What are you saying?
    Шо?Šo?What?

Russian

Alternative forms

Etymology

Distorted form of что (što), possibly influenced by Ukrainian що (ščo).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ʂo]
  • Audio:(file)

Pronoun

шо • (šo)

  1. (colloquial, nonstandard, proscribed, Ukraine, Southern Russia) what, alternative form of что (što)
    Шо ты говори́шь?
    Šo ty govoríšʹ?
    What are you saying?

Ukrainian

Etymology

Conversational form of що (ščo). Compare Macedonian шо (šo).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ʃɔ]
  • Audio:(file)

Pronoun

шо • (šo)

  1. (colloquial, dialectal) what, alternative form of що (ščo)

Usage notes

This form is used more often in western and some central dialects of Ukrainian.

Derived terms

References