ببر
Arabic
Etymology
Borrowed from Middle Persian bpl (babr, “tiger, lion, panther”); see there for more. Semtic cognates include Classical Syriac ܒܒܪܐ (bbrʾ), and possibly Akkadian 𒌨𒁇𒊏 (barbarum, “wolf”) if ultimate origin is from Sumerian.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /babr/
Noun
بَبْر • (babr) m (plural بُبُور (bubūr))
- tiger
- a. 869 C.E., Al-Jāḥiẓ, edited by Ḥasan Ḥusnī ʕAbd Al-Wahhāb At-Tūnisiyy, كتاب التبصر بالتجارة, 3rd edition, Cairo, Egypt: مكتبة الخانجي, published 1994, →OCLC, pages 25–26:
- يُجْلَبُ مِنَ ٱلهِنْدِ ٱلبُبُورُ، وَٱلنُّمُورُ، وَٱلفِيَلَةُ، وَجُلُودُ ٱلنُّمُورِ، وَٱليَاقُوتُ ٱلأَحْمَرُ، وَٱلصَّنْدَلُ ٱلأَبْيَضُ، وَٱلآبَنُوسُ، وَجَوْزُ ٱلهِنْدِ.
- yujlabu mina l-hindi l-bubūru, wa-n-numūru, wa-l-fiyalatu, wa-julūdu n-numūri, wa-l-yāqūtu l-ʔaḥmaru, wa-ṣ-ṣandalu l-ʔabyaḍu, wa-l-ʔābanūsu, wa-jawzu l-hindi.
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Declension
| singular | basic singular triptote | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | definite | construct | |
| informal | بَبْر babr |
الْبَبْر al-babr |
بَبْر babr |
| nominative | بَبْرٌ babrun |
الْبَبْرُ al-babru |
بَبْرُ babru |
| accusative | بَبْرًا babran |
الْبَبْرَ al-babra |
بَبْرَ babra |
| genitive | بَبْرٍ babrin |
الْبَبْرِ al-babri |
بَبْرِ babri |
| dual | indefinite | definite | construct |
| informal | بَبْرَيْن babrayn |
الْبَبْرَيْن al-babrayn |
بَبْرَيْ babray |
| nominative | بَبْرَانِ babrāni |
الْبَبْرَانِ al-babrāni |
بَبْرَا babrā |
| accusative | بَبْرَيْنِ babrayni |
الْبَبْرَيْنِ al-babrayni |
بَبْرَيْ babray |
| genitive | بَبْرَيْنِ babrayni |
الْبَبْرَيْنِ al-babrayni |
بَبْرَيْ babray |
| plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
| indefinite | definite | construct | |
| informal | بُبُور bubūr |
الْبُبُور al-bubūr |
بُبُور bubūr |
| nominative | بُبُورٌ bubūrun |
الْبُبُورُ al-bubūru |
بُبُورُ bubūru |
| accusative | بُبُورًا bubūran |
الْبُبُورَ al-bubūra |
بُبُورَ bubūra |
| genitive | بُبُورٍ bubūrin |
الْبُبُورِ al-bubūri |
بُبُورِ bubūri |
References
- Lane, Edward William (1863-1893) “ببر”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate, page 147.
Khalaj
Noun
بَبر (bəbr) (definite accusative بَبری, plural بَبرلَر)
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | ببر | ببرلَر |
| genitive | ببرۆݧ | ببرلَریݧ |
| dative | ببرکه | ببرلَرکه |
| definite accusative | ببرۆ | ببرلَری |
| locative | ببرچه | ببرلَرچه |
| ablative | ببرده | ببرلَرده |
| instrumental | ببرله | ببرلَرله |
| equative | ببروارا | ببرلَروارا |
Ottoman Turkish
Etymology 1
Borrowed from Greek πιπέρι (pipéri, “pepper”), itself from Ancient Greek πέπερι (péperi).
Alternative forms
- بابری (beberi), بوبر (büber)
Noun
ببر • (biber) (definite accusative ببری (biberi), plural ببرلر (biberler))
- pepper, a plant of the family Piperaceae and a spice prepared from the berries of this plant
- Synonyms: ایصی اوت (ısı ot), فلفل (fülfül)
Derived terms
- آجی ببری (acı biberi, “Cayenne pepper”)
- آرناود ببری (arnavud biberi, “Cayenne pepper”)
- آق ببر (ak biber, “white pepper”)
- اوزون ببر (uzun biber, “long pepper”)
- باج ببر (bac biber, “long pepper”)
- ببرجی (biberci, “pepper merchant”)
- ببرلتمك (biberletmek, “to make or let be peppered”)
- ببرلك (biberlik, “pepperbox”)
- ببرلمك (biberlemek, “to pepper”)
- ببرلنمك (biberlenmek, “to be peppered”)
- ببرلو (biberli, “peppered”)
- تازه ببر (taze biber, “green pepper”)
- حبش ببری (habeş biberi, “pepper of Abyssinia”)
- صو ببری (su biberi, “hydropiper, water pepper”)
- قرمزی ببر (kırmızı biber, “red pepper”)
- قره ببر (kara biber, “black pepper”)
- قویروقلو ببر (kuyruklu biber, “cubeb”)
- مرجان ببری (mercan biberi, “cherry pepper”)
- چكلمه‌مش ببری (çekilmemiş biberi, “peppercorn”)
- یشیل ببر (yeşil biber, “green pepper”)
Related terms
- ببریه (biberiye, “rosemary”)
Descendants
- Turkish: biber
- → Albanian: biber
- → Armenian: բիբար (bibar), բիբառ (bibaṙ), բիբեր (biber), բիբեռ (bibeṙ)
- → Azerbaijani: bibər
- → Crimean Tatar: biber
- → Macedonian: бибер (biber)
- → Serbo-Croatian: бѝбер (biber)
Further reading
click to expand
- Barbier de Meynard, Charles (1881) “ببر”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, volume I, Paris: E. Leroux, page 284
- Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “biber”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 595
- Hindoglu, Artin (1838) “ببر”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français[1], Vienna: F. Beck, page 107b
- Kélékian, Diran (1911) “ببر”, in Dictionnaire turc-français[2] (in French), Constantinople: Mihran, page 251
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Piper”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum[3], Vienna, column 1303
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “ببر”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum[4], Vienna, column 703
- Meyer, Gustav (1893) “Türkische Studien. I. Die griechischen und romanischen Bestandtheile im Wortschatze des Osmanisch-Türkischen”, in Sitzungsberichte der philosophisch-historischen Classe der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften (in German), volume 128, Wien: In Commission bei F. Tempsky, page 28
- Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “biber”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
- Redhouse, James W. (1890) “ببر”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon[5], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 338
Etymology 2
Borrowed from Classical Persian ببر (babr), from Middle Persian bpl (babr, “tiger, lion, panther”); see there for more.
Alternative forms
- بابر (baber)
Noun
ببر • (bebr or bebir) (definite accusative ببری (bebri, bebiri), plural ببرلر (bebrler, bebirler))
- tiger, a large predatory mammal of the cat family, indigenous to Asia (Panthera tigris)
- leopard, large wild cat with a spotted coat, native to Africa and Asia (Panthera pardus)
Derived terms
- ببرلندرمك (bebirlendirmek, “to make or let assume airs of arrogance”)
- ببرلنمك (bebirlenmek, “to become furious as a tiger”)
Descendants
Further reading
click to expand
- Barbier de Meynard, Charles (1881) “ببر”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, volume I, Paris: E. Leroux, page 284
- Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “bebir”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 518
- Kélékian, Diran (1911) “ببر”, in Dictionnaire turc-français[6] (in French), Constantinople: Mihran, page 252
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Tigris”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum[7], Vienna, column 1673
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “ببر”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum[8], Vienna, column 703
- Redhouse, James W. (1890) “ببر”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon[9], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 338
Persian
Etymology 1
Inherited from Middle Persian bpl (babr, “tiger, lion, panther”); see there for more.
Pronunciation
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): /ˈbabɾ/
- (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [bäbɾ]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [bæbɹ]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [bäbɾ]
| Readings | |
|---|---|
| Classical reading? | babr |
| Dari reading? | babr |
| Iranian reading? | babr |
| Tajik reading? | babr |
Noun
ببر • (babr) (plural ببرها (babr-hā / babr-hâ), or ببران (babrān / babrân), Tajik spelling бабр)
Derived terms
- ببر بالی (babr-e bâli)
- ببر بنگال (babr-e bengâl)
- ببر بَیان (babr-e bayân)
- ببر سوماترایی (babr-e sumâtrâyi)
- ببر سیبری (babr-e sibri)
- ببر مازندران (babr-e mâzandarân)
- ببر چینی (babr-e čini)
Descendants
Etymology 2
From Middle Persian bplk' (babrag).
Pronunciation
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): /ba.ˈbaɾ/
- (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [bä.bäɾ]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [bæ.bæɹ]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [bä.bäɾ]
| Readings | |
|---|---|
| Classical reading? | babar |
| Dari reading? | babar |
| Iranian reading? | babar |
| Tajik reading? | babar |
Noun
ببر • (babar) (plural ببرها)
- (archaic) beaver
References
- MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “babr”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press
- Horn, Paul (1893) Grundriss der neupersischen Etymologie (in German), Strasbourg: K.J. Trübner, page 42