خور

See also: جور, چور, خوز, and جوز

Arabic

Etymology 1.1

Root
خ و ر (ḵ w r)
3 terms

Verb

خَوِرَ • (ḵawira) I (non-past يَخْوَرُ (yaḵwaru), verbal noun خَوَر (ḵawar))

to dwindle, to lose strength, to become weak or weaker
to languish
to gradually disappear
to cease functioning, to break down
to grow tired, to lose vigour
to be extinguished
to be/become limp
to lose lustre
to become slack, relaxed, not tense or tight
to relent, to give way, to succumb to temptation

Conjugation

Conjugation of **خَوِرَ** (I, sound, i ~ a, no passive, verbal noun **خَوَر**)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر					خَوَر ḵawar
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل					خَائِر ḵāʔir
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	خَوِرْتُ ḵawirtu	خَوِرْتَ ḵawirta	خَوِرَ ḵawira	خَوِرْتُمَا ḵawirtumā	خَوِرَا ḵawirā	خَوِرْنَا ḵawirnā	خَوِرْتُمْ ḵawirtum	خَوِرُوا ḵawirū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	خَوِرْتُ ḵawirtu	خَوِرْتِ ḵawirti	خَوِرَتْ ḵawirat	خَوِرْتُمَا ḵawirtumā	خَوِرَتَا ḵawiratā	خَوِرْنَا ḵawirnā	خَوِرْتُنَّ ḵawirtunna	خَوِرْنَ ḵawirna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَخْوَرُ ʔaḵwaru	تَخْوَرُ taḵwaru	يَخْوَرُ yaḵwaru	تَخْوَرَانِ taḵwarāni	يَخْوَرَانِ yaḵwarāni	نَخْوَرُ naḵwaru	تَخْوَرُونَ taḵwarūna	يَخْوَرُونَ yaḵwarūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أَخْوَرُ ʔaḵwaru	تَخْوَرِينَ taḵwarīna	تَخْوَرُ taḵwaru	تَخْوَرَانِ taḵwarāni	تَخْوَرَانِ taḵwarāni	نَخْوَرُ naḵwaru	تَخْوَرْنَ taḵwarna	يَخْوَرْنَ yaḵwarna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَخْوَرَ ʔaḵwara	تَخْوَرَ taḵwara	يَخْوَرَ yaḵwara	تَخْوَرَا taḵwarā	يَخْوَرَا yaḵwarā	نَخْوَرَ naḵwara	تَخْوَرُوا taḵwarū	يَخْوَرُوا yaḵwarū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أَخْوَرَ ʔaḵwara	تَخْوَرِي taḵwarī	تَخْوَرَ taḵwara	تَخْوَرَا taḵwarā	تَخْوَرَا taḵwarā	نَخْوَرَ naḵwara	تَخْوَرْنَ taḵwarna	يَخْوَرْنَ yaḵwarna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَخْوَرْ ʔaḵwar	تَخْوَرْ taḵwar	يَخْوَرْ yaḵwar	تَخْوَرَا taḵwarā	يَخْوَرَا yaḵwarā	نَخْوَرْ naḵwar	تَخْوَرُوا taḵwarū	يَخْوَرُوا yaḵwarū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أَخْوَرْ ʔaḵwar	تَخْوَرِي taḵwarī	تَخْوَرْ taḵwar	تَخْوَرَا taḵwarā	تَخْوَرَا taḵwarā	نَخْوَرْ naḵwar	تَخْوَرْنَ taḵwarna	يَخْوَرْنَ yaḵwarna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		اِخْوَرْ iḵwar		اِخْوَرَا iḵwarā			اِخْوَرُوا iḵwarū
imperative الْأَمْر	f		اِخْوَرِي iḵwarī		اِخْوَرَا iḵwarā			اِخْوَرْنَ iḵwarna

Alternative forms

خَارَ (ḵāra)

Etymology 1.2

Verb

خَوَّرَ • (ḵawwara) II (non-past يُخَوِّرُ (yuḵawwiru), verbal noun تَخْوِير (taḵwīr))

to attribute weakness to, to call feeble

Conjugation

Conjugation of **خَوَّرَ** (II, sound, full passive, verbal noun *تَخْوِير*)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر					تَخْوِير taḵwīr
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل					مُخَوِّر muḵawwir
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول					مُخَوَّر muḵawwar
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	خَوَّرْتُ ḵawwartu	خَوَّرْتَ ḵawwarta	خَوَّرَ ḵawwara	خَوَّرْتُمَا ḵawwartumā	خَوَّرَا ḵawwarā	خَوَّرْنَا ḵawwarnā	خَوَّرْتُمْ ḵawwartum	خَوَّرُوا ḵawwarū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	خَوَّرْتُ ḵawwartu	خَوَّرْتِ ḵawwarti	خَوَّرَتْ ḵawwarat	خَوَّرْتُمَا ḵawwartumā	خَوَّرَتَا ḵawwaratā	خَوَّرْنَا ḵawwarnā	خَوَّرْتُنَّ ḵawwartunna	خَوَّرْنَ ḵawwarna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُخَوِّرُ ʔuḵawwiru	تُخَوِّرُ tuḵawwiru	يُخَوِّرُ yuḵawwiru	تُخَوِّرَانِ tuḵawwirāni	يُخَوِّرَانِ yuḵawwirāni	نُخَوِّرُ nuḵawwiru	تُخَوِّرُونَ tuḵawwirūna	يُخَوِّرُونَ yuḵawwirūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أُخَوِّرُ ʔuḵawwiru	تُخَوِّرِينَ tuḵawwirīna	تُخَوِّرُ tuḵawwiru	تُخَوِّرَانِ tuḵawwirāni	تُخَوِّرَانِ tuḵawwirāni	نُخَوِّرُ nuḵawwiru	تُخَوِّرْنَ tuḵawwirna	يُخَوِّرْنَ yuḵawwirna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُخَوِّرَ ʔuḵawwira	تُخَوِّرَ tuḵawwira	يُخَوِّرَ yuḵawwira	تُخَوِّرَا tuḵawwirā	يُخَوِّرَا yuḵawwirā	نُخَوِّرَ nuḵawwira	تُخَوِّرُوا tuḵawwirū	يُخَوِّرُوا yuḵawwirū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أُخَوِّرَ ʔuḵawwira	تُخَوِّرِي tuḵawwirī	تُخَوِّرَ tuḵawwira	تُخَوِّرَا tuḵawwirā	تُخَوِّرَا tuḵawwirā	نُخَوِّرَ nuḵawwira	تُخَوِّرْنَ tuḵawwirna	يُخَوِّرْنَ yuḵawwirna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُخَوِّرْ ʔuḵawwir	تُخَوِّرْ tuḵawwir	يُخَوِّرْ yuḵawwir	تُخَوِّرَا tuḵawwirā	يُخَوِّرَا yuḵawwirā	نُخَوِّرْ nuḵawwir	تُخَوِّرُوا tuḵawwirū	يُخَوِّرُوا yuḵawwirū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أُخَوِّرْ ʔuḵawwir	تُخَوِّرِي tuḵawwirī	تُخَوِّرْ tuḵawwir	تُخَوِّرَا tuḵawwirā	تُخَوِّرَا tuḵawwirā	نُخَوِّرْ nuḵawwir	تُخَوِّرْنَ tuḵawwirna	يُخَوِّرْنَ yuḵawwirna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		خَوِّرْ ḵawwir		خَوِّرَا ḵawwirā			خَوِّرُوا ḵawwirū
imperative الْأَمْر	f		خَوِّرِي ḵawwirī		خَوِّرَا ḵawwirā			خَوِّرْنَ ḵawwirna

passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	خُوِّرْتُ ḵuwwirtu	خُوِّرْتَ ḵuwwirta	خُوِّرَ ḵuwwira	خُوِّرْتُمَا ḵuwwirtumā	خُوِّرَا ḵuwwirā	خُوِّرْنَا ḵuwwirnā	خُوِّرْتُمْ ḵuwwirtum	خُوِّرُوا ḵuwwirū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	خُوِّرْتُ ḵuwwirtu	خُوِّرْتِ ḵuwwirti	خُوِّرَتْ ḵuwwirat	خُوِّرْتُمَا ḵuwwirtumā	خُوِّرَتَا ḵuwwiratā	خُوِّرْنَا ḵuwwirnā	خُوِّرْتُنَّ ḵuwwirtunna	خُوِّرْنَ ḵuwwirna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُخَوَّرُ ʔuḵawwaru	تُخَوَّرُ tuḵawwaru	يُخَوَّرُ yuḵawwaru	تُخَوَّرَانِ tuḵawwarāni	يُخَوَّرَانِ yuḵawwarāni	نُخَوَّرُ nuḵawwaru	تُخَوَّرُونَ tuḵawwarūna	يُخَوَّرُونَ yuḵawwarūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أُخَوَّرُ ʔuḵawwaru	تُخَوَّرِينَ tuḵawwarīna	تُخَوَّرُ tuḵawwaru	تُخَوَّرَانِ tuḵawwarāni	تُخَوَّرَانِ tuḵawwarāni	نُخَوَّرُ nuḵawwaru	تُخَوَّرْنَ tuḵawwarna	يُخَوَّرْنَ yuḵawwarna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُخَوَّرَ ʔuḵawwara	تُخَوَّرَ tuḵawwara	يُخَوَّرَ yuḵawwara	تُخَوَّرَا tuḵawwarā	يُخَوَّرَا yuḵawwarā	نُخَوَّرَ nuḵawwara	تُخَوَّرُوا tuḵawwarū	يُخَوَّرُوا yuḵawwarū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أُخَوَّرَ ʔuḵawwara	تُخَوَّرِي tuḵawwarī	تُخَوَّرَ tuḵawwara	تُخَوَّرَا tuḵawwarā	تُخَوَّرَا tuḵawwarā	نُخَوَّرَ nuḵawwara	تُخَوَّرْنَ tuḵawwarna	يُخَوَّرْنَ yuḵawwarna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُخَوَّرْ ʔuḵawwar	تُخَوَّرْ tuḵawwar	يُخَوَّرْ yuḵawwar	تُخَوَّرَا tuḵawwarā	يُخَوَّرَا yuḵawwarā	نُخَوَّرْ nuḵawwar	تُخَوَّرُوا tuḵawwarū	يُخَوَّرُوا yuḵawwarū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أُخَوَّرْ ʔuḵawwar	تُخَوَّرِي tuḵawwarī	تُخَوَّرْ tuḵawwar	تُخَوَّرَا tuḵawwarā	تُخَوَّرَا tuḵawwarā	نُخَوَّرْ nuḵawwar	تُخَوَّرْنَ tuḵawwarna	يُخَوَّرْنَ yuḵawwarna

Etymology 1.3

Noun

خَوَر • (ḵawar) m

verbal noun of خَوِرَ (ḵawira) (form I)
weakness, fatigue, languor

Declension

Declension of noun **خَوَر** (ḵawar)
singular	basic singular triptote
singular	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	خَوَر ḵawar	الْخَوَر al-ḵawar	خَوَر ḵawar
nominative	خَوَرٌ ḵawarun	الْخَوَرُ al-ḵawaru	خَوَرُ ḵawaru
accusative	خَوَرًا ḵawaran	الْخَوَرَ al-ḵawara	خَوَرَ ḵawara
genitive	خَوَرٍ ḵawarin	الْخَوَرِ al-ḵawari	خَوَرِ ḵawari

Etymology 2

Root
خ و ر (ḵ w r)
3 terms

Compare the frequent Aramaic חוֹרָא / ܚܘܿܪܴܐ (ḥōrā, “hole”), Hebrew חֹר (ḥōr, “hole”), Akkadian 𒆢𒁕 (/⁠ḫurru⁠/). Compare also Old Armenian խոր (xor).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /xawr/

Noun

خَوْر • (ḵawr) m (plural أَخْوَار (ʔaḵwār))

an inlet (e.g. estuary, lagoon, creek, bay)
خور دبي ― Khawr Dubayy ― Dubai Creek

خور العديد ― Khawr al-ʿUdayd ― Inland Sea
a coastal lake or pond
خور البليد ― Khawr al-Balīd ― Al-Baleed Lake
(Sudan) a wadi, ravine or canyon

Declension

Declension of noun **خَوْر** (ḵawr)
singular	basic singular triptote
singular	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	خَوْر ḵawr	الْخَوْر al-ḵawr	خَوْر ḵawr
nominative	خَوْرٌ ḵawrun	الْخَوْرُ al-ḵawru	خَوْرُ ḵawru
accusative	خَوْرًا ḵawran	الْخَوْرَ al-ḵawra	خَوْرَ ḵawra
genitive	خَوْرٍ ḵawrin	الْخَوْرِ al-ḵawri	خَوْرِ ḵawri
dual	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	خَوْرَيْن ḵawrayn	الْخَوْرَيْن al-ḵawrayn	خَوْرَيْ ḵawray
nominative	خَوْرَانِ ḵawrāni	الْخَوْرَانِ al-ḵawrāni	خَوْرَا ḵawrā
accusative	خَوْرَيْنِ ḵawrayni	الْخَوْرَيْنِ al-ḵawrayni	خَوْرَيْ ḵawray
genitive	خَوْرَيْنِ ḵawrayni	الْخَوْرَيْنِ al-ḵawrayni	خَوْرَيْ ḵawray
plural	basic broken plural triptote
plural	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	أَخْوَار ʔaḵwār	الْأَخْوَار al-ʔaḵwār	أَخْوَار ʔaḵwār
nominative	أَخْوَارٌ ʔaḵwārun	الْأَخْوَارُ al-ʔaḵwāru	أَخْوَارُ ʔaḵwāru
accusative	أَخْوَارًا ʔaḵwāran	الْأَخْوَارَ al-ʔaḵwāra	أَخْوَارَ ʔaḵwāra
genitive	أَخْوَارٍ ʔaḵwārin	الْأَخْوَارِ al-ʔaḵwāri	أَخْوَارِ ʔaḵwāri

Descendants

→ Swahili: hori

Etymology 3

Adjective

خُور • (ḵūr) pl

plural of خَوَّار (ḵawwār)

References

Corriente, Federico (2005) “خور”, in Diccionario avanzado árabe‎^[1] (in Spanish), 2nd edition, Barcelona: Herder, page 336

Ottoman Turkish

Alternative forms

خوار (har, hor)

Etymology

From Persian (xvâr).

Adjective

خور • (hor)

despicable, abject, vile
(in compounds) eating, consuming, receiving, undergoing
مفت خور ― müft hor ― parasite

مردوم خور ― merdüm hor ― cannibal

میراث خور ― miras hor ― heir

كیاه خور ― kiyah hor ― herbivore

كوشت خور ― küşt hor ― carnivore

خور گورمك ― hor görmek ― to despise, to vilify

خور طوتمق ― hor tutmak ― to despise, to vilify

خورپرست ― hor-perest ― sun-adorer, who wants to expose himself to the sun much

Descendants

Turkish: hor
→ Armenian: խոռ (xoṙ)

References

Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “خور”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[2], Vienna, column 1967

Pashto

Etymology

From Proto-Iranian *hwáhā, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *swásā, from Proto-Indo-European *swésōr.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /xor/

Noun

خور • (xor) f

sister

Declension

Declension of **خور**
	singular	plural
direct	خور (xor)	خويندې (xwainde)
oblique	خور (xor)	خويندو (xwaindo)
vocative	خورې (xore)	خويندو (xwaindo)

Persian

Etymology 1

From Proto-Iranian *húHar, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *súHar, from Proto-Indo-European *sóh₂wl̥.

Pronunciation

(Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ˈxʷaɾ/

(Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [xʊɾ]
- (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [xʊɾ]
- (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [xuɾ]

(Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [xoɹ]

(Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [χuɾ]

Readings
Classical reading^?	xwar
Dari reading^?	xur
Iranian reading^?	xor
Tajik reading^?	xur

Noun

خور • (xwar / xor) (Tajik spelling хур)

sun

Related terms

خورشید (xwaršēd / xoršid, “sun, sunshine”)

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Arabic خَوْر (ḵawr, “bay, inlet, cove, canyon”).

Pronunciation

(Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ˈxawɾ/

(Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [xäwɾ]
- (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [xäwɾ]
- (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [xäwɾ]

(Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [xowɹ]

(Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [χäwɾ]

Readings
Classical reading^?	xawr
Dari reading^?	xawr
Iranian reading^?	xowr
Tajik reading^?	xavr

Noun

خور • (xawr / xowr) (Tajik spelling хавр)

bay, estuary, cove

Etymology 3

Verb

خور • (xwar / xor) (Tajik spelling хӯр)

present stem form of (xordan, “to eat”)

Etymology 4

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

خور • (xavar) (dialectal)

Sistan form of (xabar, “news”)

References

Ela Filippone (2011) “The Language of the Qorʾān-e Qods and its Sistanic Dialectal Background”, in M. Maggi, P. Orsatti, editors, The Persian Language in History‎^[3], Wiesbaden: Reichert, pages 179-235