طور

See also: طوز

Arabic

Etymology 1.1

Root
ط و ر (ṭ w r)
2 terms

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /tˤawr/

Noun

طَوْر • (ṭawrm (plural أَطْوَار (ʔaṭwār))

  1. (uncountable) verbal noun of طَارَ (ṭāra) (form I)
  2. time, stage, phase, stadium
    • 2018 July 18, “ar: الرئيس عون يؤكد ضرورة التواصل الرسمي بين لبنان و سوريا”, in Muraselon[1]:
      وَأَشَارَ إِلَى أَنَّهُ “مُذْ أَقْفَلَ ٱلْمَعْبَرَ وَأُقْفِلَتْ مَعَهُ ٱلْمَعَابِرُ ٱلشَّرْقِيَّةُ لِسُورِيَا ٱلْمُوصِلَةُ إِلَى ٱلدَّاخِلِ ٱلْعَرَبِيِّ، أُعْطِبَتْ ذَهَابًا وَإِيَابًا حَرَكَةُ ٱلتَّبَادُلِ ٱلتِّجَارِيِّ ٱلَّتِي سَنَكُونُ ٱلْآنَ فِي طَوْرِ إِعَادَةِ إِحْيَائِهَا مِنَ ٱلْأَرَاضِي ٱللُّبْنَانِيَّةِ إِلَى ٱلدَّاخِلِ ٱلسُّورِيِّ، وَمِنْهُ إِلَى ٱلدَّاخِلِ ٱلْأُرْدُنِيِّ مِنْ خِلَالِ ٱلْمَعْبَرِ ٱلْمُسْتَعَادِ إِلَى ٱلدَّوْلَةِ ٱلسُّورِيَّةِ، لِلْاِنْتِقَالِ إِلَى ٱلْعِرَاقِ وَدُوَلِ ٱلْخَلِيجِ (ٱلْفَارِسِيِّ)”.
      waʔašāra ʔilā ʔannahu “muḏ ʔaqfala l-maʕbara waʔuqfilat maʕahu l-maʕābiru š-šarqiyyatu lisūriyā l-mūṣilatu ʔilā d-dāḵili l-ʕarabiyyi, ʔuʕṭibat ḏahāban waʔiyāban ḥarakatu t-tabāduli t-tijāriyyi llatī sanakūnu l-ʔāna fī ṭawri ʔiʕādati ʔiḥyāʔihā mina l-ʔarāḍī l-lubnāniyyati ʔilā d-dāḵili s-sūriyyi, waminhu ʔilā d-dāḵili l-ʔurduniyyi min ḵilāli l-maʕbari l-mustaʕādi ʔilā d-dawlati s-sūriyyati, lilintiqāli ʔilā l-ʕirāqi waduwali l-ḵalīji (l-fārisiyyi)”.
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
  3. (video games) mode
    طَوْر الْقِصَّةṭawr al-qiṣṣacampaign/story mode
Declension
Declension of noun طَوْر (ṭawr)
singular basic singular triptote
indefinite definite construct
informal طَوْر
ṭawr
الطَّوْر
aṭ-ṭawr
طَوْر
ṭawr
nominative طَوْرٌ
ṭawrun
الطَّوْرُ
aṭ-ṭawru
طَوْرُ
ṭawru
accusative طَوْرًا
ṭawran
الطَّوْرَ
aṭ-ṭawra
طَوْرَ
ṭawra
genitive طَوْرٍ
ṭawrin
الطَّوْرِ
aṭ-ṭawri
طَوْرِ
ṭawri
dual indefinite definite construct
informal طَوْرَيْن
ṭawrayn
الطَّوْرَيْن
aṭ-ṭawrayn
طَوْرَيْ
ṭawray
nominative طَوْرَانِ
ṭawrāni
الطَّوْرَانِ
aṭ-ṭawrāni
طَوْرَا
ṭawrā
accusative طَوْرَيْنِ
ṭawrayni
الطَّوْرَيْنِ
aṭ-ṭawrayni
طَوْرَيْ
ṭawray
genitive طَوْرَيْنِ
ṭawrayni
الطَّوْرَيْنِ
aṭ-ṭawrayni
طَوْرَيْ
ṭawray
plural basic broken plural triptote
indefinite definite construct
informal أَطْوَار
ʔaṭwār
الْأَطْوَار
al-ʔaṭwār
أَطْوَار
ʔaṭwār
nominative أَطْوَارٌ
ʔaṭwārun
الْأَطْوَارُ
al-ʔaṭwāru
أَطْوَارُ
ʔaṭwāru
accusative أَطْوَارًا
ʔaṭwāran
الْأَطْوَارَ
al-ʔaṭwāra
أَطْوَارَ
ʔaṭwāra
genitive أَطْوَارٍ
ʔaṭwārin
الْأَطْوَارِ
al-ʔaṭwāri
أَطْوَارِ
ʔaṭwāri
Descendants
  • Azerbaijani: tövr
  • Chagatai: طور
    • Uzbek: tavr
  • Ottoman Turkish: طور (tavr)
    • Turkish: tavır
    • Armenian: թավուր (tʻavur)
  • Kazakh: тәуір (täuır)
  • Classical Persian: طَوْر (tawr)

Etymology 1.2

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /tˤaw.wa.ra/
  • Audio:(file)

Verb

طَوَّرَ • (ṭawwara) II (non-past يُطَوِّرُ (yuṭawwiru), verbal noun تَطْوِير (taṭwīr))

  1. to further, to bring forward, to develop
Conjugation
Conjugation of طَوَّرَ (II, sound, full passive, verbal noun تَطْوِير)
verbal noun
الْمَصْدَر
تَطْوِير
taṭwīr
active participle
اِسْم الْفَاعِل
مُطَوِّر
muṭawwir
passive participle
اِسْم الْمَفْعُول
مُطَوَّر
muṭawwar
active voice
الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
singular
الْمُفْرَد
dual
الْمُثَنَّى
plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي
m طَوَّرْتُ
ṭawwartu
طَوَّرْتَ
ṭawwarta
طَوَّرَ
ṭawwara
طَوَّرْتُمَا
ṭawwartumā
طَوَّرَا
ṭawwarā
طَوَّرْنَا
ṭawwarnā
طَوَّرْتُمْ
ṭawwartum
طَوَّرُوا
ṭawwarū
f طَوَّرْتِ
ṭawwarti
طَوَّرَتْ
ṭawwarat
طَوَّرَتَا
ṭawwaratā
طَوَّرْتُنَّ
ṭawwartunna
طَوَّرْنَ
ṭawwarna
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع
m أُطَوِّرُ
ʔuṭawwiru
تُطَوِّرُ
tuṭawwiru
يُطَوِّرُ
yuṭawwiru
تُطَوِّرَانِ
tuṭawwirāni
يُطَوِّرَانِ
yuṭawwirāni
نُطَوِّرُ
nuṭawwiru
تُطَوِّرُونَ
tuṭawwirūna
يُطَوِّرُونَ
yuṭawwirūna
f تُطَوِّرِينَ
tuṭawwirīna
تُطَوِّرُ
tuṭawwiru
تُطَوِّرَانِ
tuṭawwirāni
تُطَوِّرْنَ
tuṭawwirna
يُطَوِّرْنَ
yuṭawwirna
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب
m أُطَوِّرَ
ʔuṭawwira
تُطَوِّرَ
tuṭawwira
يُطَوِّرَ
yuṭawwira
تُطَوِّرَا
tuṭawwirā
يُطَوِّرَا
yuṭawwirā
نُطَوِّرَ
nuṭawwira
تُطَوِّرُوا
tuṭawwirū
يُطَوِّرُوا
yuṭawwirū
f تُطَوِّرِي
tuṭawwirī
تُطَوِّرَ
tuṭawwira
تُطَوِّرَا
tuṭawwirā
تُطَوِّرْنَ
tuṭawwirna
يُطَوِّرْنَ
yuṭawwirna
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم
m أُطَوِّرْ
ʔuṭawwir
تُطَوِّرْ
tuṭawwir
يُطَوِّرْ
yuṭawwir
تُطَوِّرَا
tuṭawwirā
يُطَوِّرَا
yuṭawwirā
نُطَوِّرْ
nuṭawwir
تُطَوِّرُوا
tuṭawwirū
يُطَوِّرُوا
yuṭawwirū
f تُطَوِّرِي
tuṭawwirī
تُطَوِّرْ
tuṭawwir
تُطَوِّرَا
tuṭawwirā
تُطَوِّرْنَ
tuṭawwirna
يُطَوِّرْنَ
yuṭawwirna
imperative
الْأَمْر
m طَوِّرْ
ṭawwir
طَوِّرَا
ṭawwirā
طَوِّرُوا
ṭawwirū
f طَوِّرِي
ṭawwirī
طَوِّرْنَ
ṭawwirna
passive voice
الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
singular
الْمُفْرَد
dual
الْمُثَنَّى
plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي
m طُوِّرْتُ
ṭuwwirtu
طُوِّرْتَ
ṭuwwirta
طُوِّرَ
ṭuwwira
طُوِّرْتُمَا
ṭuwwirtumā
طُوِّرَا
ṭuwwirā
طُوِّرْنَا
ṭuwwirnā
طُوِّرْتُمْ
ṭuwwirtum
طُوِّرُوا
ṭuwwirū
f طُوِّرْتِ
ṭuwwirti
طُوِّرَتْ
ṭuwwirat
طُوِّرَتَا
ṭuwwiratā
طُوِّرْتُنَّ
ṭuwwirtunna
طُوِّرْنَ
ṭuwwirna
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع
m أُطَوَّرُ
ʔuṭawwaru
تُطَوَّرُ
tuṭawwaru
يُطَوَّرُ
yuṭawwaru
تُطَوَّرَانِ
tuṭawwarāni
يُطَوَّرَانِ
yuṭawwarāni
نُطَوَّرُ
nuṭawwaru
تُطَوَّرُونَ
tuṭawwarūna
يُطَوَّرُونَ
yuṭawwarūna
f تُطَوَّرِينَ
tuṭawwarīna
تُطَوَّرُ
tuṭawwaru
تُطَوَّرَانِ
tuṭawwarāni
تُطَوَّرْنَ
tuṭawwarna
يُطَوَّرْنَ
yuṭawwarna
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب
m أُطَوَّرَ
ʔuṭawwara
تُطَوَّرَ
tuṭawwara
يُطَوَّرَ
yuṭawwara
تُطَوَّرَا
tuṭawwarā
يُطَوَّرَا
yuṭawwarā
نُطَوَّرَ
nuṭawwara
تُطَوَّرُوا
tuṭawwarū
يُطَوَّرُوا
yuṭawwarū
f تُطَوَّرِي
tuṭawwarī
تُطَوَّرَ
tuṭawwara
تُطَوَّرَا
tuṭawwarā
تُطَوَّرْنَ
tuṭawwarna
يُطَوَّرْنَ
yuṭawwarna
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم
m أُطَوَّرْ
ʔuṭawwar
تُطَوَّرْ
tuṭawwar
يُطَوَّرْ
yuṭawwar
تُطَوَّرَا
tuṭawwarā
يُطَوَّرَا
yuṭawwarā
نُطَوَّرْ
nuṭawwar
تُطَوَّرُوا
tuṭawwarū
يُطَوَّرُوا
yuṭawwarū
f تُطَوَّرِي
tuṭawwarī
تُطَوَّرْ
tuṭawwar
تُطَوَّرَا
tuṭawwarā
تُطَوَّرْنَ
tuṭawwarna
يُطَوَّرْنَ
yuṭawwarna

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Aramaic טוּרָא / ܛܘܪܐ (ṭūrā, mountain, high territory). Ultimately from Proto-West Semitic *ṯ̣ūr-. Doublet of ظِرّ (ẓirr) and زُرَر (zurar, flint).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /tˤuːr/

Noun

طُور • (ṭūrm (plural أَطْوَار (ʔaṭwār))

  1. (Classical Arabic) mountain
    Synonyms: جَبَل (jabal), طَوْد (ṭawd)
Declension
Declension of noun طُور (ṭūr)
singular basic singular triptote
indefinite definite construct
informal طُور
ṭūr
الطُّور
aṭ-ṭūr
طُور
ṭūr
nominative طُورٌ
ṭūrun
الطُّورُ
aṭ-ṭūru
طُورُ
ṭūru
accusative طُورًا
ṭūran
الطُّورَ
aṭ-ṭūra
طُورَ
ṭūra
genitive طُورٍ
ṭūrin
الطُّورِ
aṭ-ṭūri
طُورِ
ṭūri
dual indefinite definite construct
informal طُورَيْن
ṭūrayn
الطُّورَيْن
aṭ-ṭūrayn
طُورَيْ
ṭūray
nominative طُورَانِ
ṭūrāni
الطُّورَانِ
aṭ-ṭūrāni
طُورَا
ṭūrā
accusative طُورَيْنِ
ṭūrayni
الطُّورَيْنِ
aṭ-ṭūrayni
طُورَيْ
ṭūray
genitive طُورَيْنِ
ṭūrayni
الطُّورَيْنِ
aṭ-ṭūrayni
طُورَيْ
ṭūray
plural basic broken plural triptote
indefinite definite construct
informal أَطْوَار
ʔaṭwār
الْأَطْوَار
al-ʔaṭwār
أَطْوَار
ʔaṭwār
nominative أَطْوَارٌ
ʔaṭwārun
الْأَطْوَارُ
al-ʔaṭwāru
أَطْوَارُ
ʔaṭwāru
accusative أَطْوَارًا
ʔaṭwāran
الْأَطْوَارَ
al-ʔaṭwāra
أَطْوَارَ
ʔaṭwāra
genitive أَطْوَارٍ
ʔaṭwārin
الْأَطْوَارِ
al-ʔaṭwāri
أَطْوَارِ
ʔaṭwāri
Derived terms
  • طُورِيّ (ṭūriyy, wild)

References

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *tor (net for catching birds or fish);[1] cognate with Azerbaijani tor, Bashkir тур (tur), Kazakh тор (tor), Kyrgyz тор (tor), Southern Altai тор (tor), Turkmen tor, Uyghur تور (tor) and Uzbek toʻr.

Noun

طور • (tor) (definite accusative طوری (toru), plural طورلر (torlar))

  1. net, a device made from a mesh of string, cord, or rope, used for catching fish or birds
Derived terms
  • طور كیسه (tor kese, bag made with a net)
  • طورلامق (torlamak, to gather together)
  • طورلانمق (torlanmak, to be made up into a bundle)
  • طورلو (torlu, possessed of nets)
Descendants
  • Turkish: tor
  • Armenian: թօռ (tʻōṙ)

References

  1. ^ Clauson, Gerard (1972) “to:r”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 528

Further reading

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Arabic طَوْر (ṭawr, time, stage, phase).

Noun

طور • (tavr or tavır) (definite accusative طوری (tavrı), plural اطوار (etvâr, atvâr))

  1. manner, mode, way, fashion, style, a mode of action, a way of performing or doing anything, a particular manner of expression
    Synonyms: طرز (tarz), یول (yol)
  2. pride, haughtiness, conceit, arrogance, snobbery, presumptuousness, an unreasonable overestimation of one's own superiority
    Synonyms: غرور (gurur), كبر (kibr, kibir)
Derived terms
  • طور صاتمق (tavır satmak, to give one's self airs)
  • طور و حركت (tavr ü hareket, behavior)
  • طورلو (tavırlı, supercilious, arrogant)
Descendants

Further reading

Etymology 3

Borrowed from Arabic طُور (ṭūr, mountain, mount), from Aramaic טוּרָא (ṭūrā, mountain, high territory).

Noun

طور • (tur) (definite accusative طوری (turu), plural طورلر (turlar))

  1. mountain, mount, an elevation of land of considerable dimensions rising more or less abruptly, usually higher than a hill
    Synonyms: جبل (cebel), طاغ (dağ), كوه (küh)
Derived terms
  • سورهٔ طور (sure-i tur, the fifty-second sura of the Quran)
  • طور سینا (tur-ı sinâ, Mount Sinai)
  • طور طاغی (tur dağı, Mount Sinai)
  • طور طبریه (tur-ı taberiye, Mount Tabor)
  • طور موسی (tur-ı mûsâ, Mount Sinai)
  • طور هارون (tur-ı harun, Mount Hor)
Descendants

Proper noun

طور • (tur)

  1. Sinai (a mountain in Sinai Peninsula, Egypt), the place where Moses is said to have received the Ten Commandments from God
    Synonyms: طور سینا (tur-ı sinâ), طور طاغی (tur dağı), طور موسی (tur-ı mûsâ)
Descendants

Further reading

Etymology 4

Alliterative.

Particle

طور • (tor)

  1. An intensifier used with certain adjectives beginning with ط and a back vowel.
    طور طوپtor topquite globular

Further reading

Persian

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Arabic طَوْر (ṭawr).

Pronunciation

 
  • (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [t̪ʰoːɾ], [t̪ʰäwɾ]
    • (Kabuli) IPA(key): [t̪ʰoːɾ], [t̪ʰäwɾ]
    • (Hazaragi) IPA(key): [t̪ʰʊːɾ], [t̪ʰäwɾ]

Readings
Classical reading? tawr
Dari reading? tōr, tawr
Iranian reading? towr
Tajik reading? tavr

Noun

طور • (tawr / towr) (Tajik spelling тавр)

  1. manner, way
    طوری که بهرام گفت []
    towri ke bahrâm goft []
    as/like Bahram said []
  2. state, condition
Derived terms
  • آنطور (ântowr)
  • اینطور (intowr)
  • چطور (četowr, how)
Descendants

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Arabic طُور (ṭūr).

Pronunciation

 

Readings
Classical reading? tūr
Dari reading? tūr
Iranian reading? tur
Tajik reading? tur

Proper noun

طور • (tūr / tur) (Tajik spelling Тур)

  1. short for طور سینا (tur-e sinâ, Mount Sinai)
    • c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume VI, verse 2444:
      باز با خود آمدم زان انتشار
      باز دیدم طور و موسی برقرار.
      bāz bā xwad āmadam z-ān intišār
      bāz dīdam tūr u mūsā bar qarār.
      After that scattering [of my senses], I came to myself again
      And saw that Sinai and Moses were unchanged.
      (Classical Persian transliteration)
    • 1732—1733, Lāla Amānat Rāy, “جلوه ذات [Jilwa-yi Zāt]”, in Stefano Pellò, transl., Black Curls in a Mirror: The Eighteenth-Century Persian Kṛṣṇa of Lāla Amānat Rāy’s Jilwa-yi ẕāt and the Tongue of Bīdil, International Journal of Hindu Studies (2018) 22:
      شبی چون زلف خوبان مطلع نور
      تجلی بخش شمع روشن طور
      šabē čūn zulf-i xūbān matla'-i nūr
      tajallī baxš-i šam'-e rōšan-i tūr
      A night resembling the curls of the beauties, an opening verse of light, offering the epiphany of the bright candle of Mount Sinai.
      (Classical Persian transliteration)

Further reading

  • Hayyim, Sulayman (1934) “طور”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim

South Levantine Arabic

Root
ط و ر
1 term

Etymology

From Arabic طَوَّرَ (ṭawwara).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /tˤaw.war/, [ˈtˤʌw.wʌr]
  • Audio (al-Lidd):(file)

Verb

طوّر • (ṭawwar) II (present بطوّر (biṭawwer))

  1. (transitive) to develop

Conjugation

Conjugation of طور
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m طوّرت (ṭawwart) طوّرت (ṭawwart) طوّر (ṭawwar) طوّرنا (ṭawwarna) طوّرتو (ṭawwartu) طوّرو (ṭawwaru)
f طوّرتي (ṭawwarti) طوّرت (ṭawwarat)
present m بطوّر (baṭawwir) بتطوّر (bitṭawwir) بطوّر (biṭawwir) منطوّر (minṭawwir) بتطوّرو (bitṭawwru) بطوّرو (biṭawwru)
f بتطوّري (bitṭawwri) بتطوّر (bitṭawwir)
subjunctive m اطوّر (aṭawwir) تطوّر (tṭawwir) يطوّر (yṭawwir) نطوّر (nṭawwir) تطوّرو (tṭawwru) يطوّرو (yṭawwru)
f تطوّري (tṭawwri) تطوّر (tṭawwir)
imperative m طوّر (ṭawwir) طوّرو (ṭawwru)
f طوّري (ṭawwri)

Urdu

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Arabic طُور (ṭūr).

Pronunciation

Noun

طور • (tūrm (Hindi spelling तूर)

  1. hill, mount
Declension
Declension of طور
singular plural
direct طور (tūr) طور (tūr)
oblique طور (tūr) طوروں (tūrõ)
vocative طور (tūr) طورو (tūro)

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Classical Persian طَور (tawr, manner, style), from Arabic طَوْر (ṭawr).

Pronunciation

Noun

طور • (taurm (formal plural اطوار, Hindi spelling तौर)

  1. manner, way
  2. state, condition
Declension
Declension of طور
singular plural
direct طور (taur) طور (taur)
oblique طور (taur) طوروں (taurõ)
vocative طور (taur) طورو (tauro)