مهر

See also: مہر

Arabic

Etymology 1

Common West Semitic term; compare Ugaritic 𐎎𐎅𐎗 (mhr), Old South Arabian 𐩣𐩠𐩧𐩩 (mhrt, “wealth, possessions, commodities, goods”), Biblical Hebrew מָהַר (mahar, “to acquire by exchange, to barter, to purchase”), Biblical Hebrew מֹהַר (mṓhar, “bridal payment, purchasing price”), Classical Syriac ܡܗܪܐ (“bride-price”), Nabataean 𐢓𐢇𐢛 (mohar). Uncertain connection to highly productive Akkadian 𒈠𒄩𒀸 (maḫārum, “to face or meet; to accept, to receive; to conduct; to do business, to shift commodities, to transact; to accept valuables, staples, or persons; to take in or collect offers, to take in women by dowries”) and Soqotri móḥor (“to offer”), as the sound change complicates the semantic overlaps. Comparison to Middle Persian mtr' (/⁠mihr⁠/, “contract, bond”) is fundamentally coincidental.

Verb

مَهَرَ • (mahara) I (non-past يَمْهُرُ (yamhuru) or يَمْهَرُ (yamharu), verbal noun مَهْر (mahr))

to settle a dowry for (one's wife, etc.)

Conjugation

Conjugation of **مَهَرَ** (I, sound, a ~ u/a, full passive, verbal noun **مَهْر**)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر					مَهْر mahr
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل					مَاهِر māhir
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول					مَمْهُور mamhūr
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	مَهَرْتُ mahartu	مَهَرْتَ maharta	مَهَرَ mahara	مَهَرْتُمَا mahartumā	مَهَرَا maharā	مَهَرْنَا maharnā	مَهَرْتُمْ mahartum	مَهَرُوا maharū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	مَهَرْتُ mahartu	مَهَرْتِ maharti	مَهَرَتْ maharat	مَهَرْتُمَا mahartumā	مَهَرَتَا maharatā	مَهَرْنَا maharnā	مَهَرْتُنَّ mahartunna	مَهَرْنَ maharna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَمْهُرُ, أَمْهَرُ ʔamhuru, ʔamharu	تَمْهُرُ, تَمْهَرُ tamhuru, tamharu	يَمْهُرُ, يَمْهَرُ yamhuru, yamharu	تَمْهُرَانِ, تَمْهَرَانِ tamhurāni, tamharāni	يَمْهُرَانِ, يَمْهَرَانِ yamhurāni, yamharāni	نَمْهُرُ, نَمْهَرُ namhuru, namharu	تَمْهُرُونَ, تَمْهَرُونَ tamhurūna, tamharūna	يَمْهُرُونَ, يَمْهَرُونَ yamhurūna, yamharūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أَمْهُرُ, أَمْهَرُ ʔamhuru, ʔamharu	تَمْهُرِينَ, تَمْهَرِينَ tamhurīna, tamharīna	تَمْهُرُ, تَمْهَرُ tamhuru, tamharu	تَمْهُرَانِ, تَمْهَرَانِ tamhurāni, tamharāni	تَمْهُرَانِ, تَمْهَرَانِ tamhurāni, tamharāni	نَمْهُرُ, نَمْهَرُ namhuru, namharu	تَمْهُرْنَ, تَمْهَرْنَ tamhurna, tamharna	يَمْهُرْنَ, يَمْهَرْنَ yamhurna, yamharna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَمْهُرَ, أَمْهَرَ ʔamhura, ʔamhara	تَمْهُرَ, تَمْهَرَ tamhura, tamhara	يَمْهُرَ, يَمْهَرَ yamhura, yamhara	تَمْهُرَا, تَمْهَرَا tamhurā, tamharā	يَمْهُرَا, يَمْهَرَا yamhurā, yamharā	نَمْهُرَ, نَمْهَرَ namhura, namhara	تَمْهُرُوا, تَمْهَرُوا tamhurū, tamharū	يَمْهُرُوا, يَمْهَرُوا yamhurū, yamharū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أَمْهُرَ, أَمْهَرَ ʔamhura, ʔamhara	تَمْهُرِي, تَمْهَرِي tamhurī, tamharī	تَمْهُرَ, تَمْهَرَ tamhura, tamhara	تَمْهُرَا, تَمْهَرَا tamhurā, tamharā	تَمْهُرَا, تَمْهَرَا tamhurā, tamharā	نَمْهُرَ, نَمْهَرَ namhura, namhara	تَمْهُرْنَ, تَمْهَرْنَ tamhurna, tamharna	يَمْهُرْنَ, يَمْهَرْنَ yamhurna, yamharna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَمْهُرْ, أَمْهَرْ ʔamhur, ʔamhar	تَمْهُرْ, تَمْهَرْ tamhur, tamhar	يَمْهُرْ, يَمْهَرْ yamhur, yamhar	تَمْهُرَا, تَمْهَرَا tamhurā, tamharā	يَمْهُرَا, يَمْهَرَا yamhurā, yamharā	نَمْهُرْ, نَمْهَرْ namhur, namhar	تَمْهُرُوا, تَمْهَرُوا tamhurū, tamharū	يَمْهُرُوا, يَمْهَرُوا yamhurū, yamharū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أَمْهُرْ, أَمْهَرْ ʔamhur, ʔamhar	تَمْهُرِي, تَمْهَرِي tamhurī, tamharī	تَمْهُرْ, تَمْهَرْ tamhur, tamhar	تَمْهُرَا, تَمْهَرَا tamhurā, tamharā	تَمْهُرَا, تَمْهَرَا tamhurā, tamharā	نَمْهُرْ, نَمْهَرْ namhur, namhar	تَمْهُرْنَ, تَمْهَرْنَ tamhurna, tamharna	يَمْهُرْنَ, يَمْهَرْنَ yamhurna, yamharna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		اُمْهُرْ, اِمْهَرْ umhur, imhar		اُمْهُرَا, اِمْهَرَا umhurā, imharā			اُمْهُرُوا, اِمْهَرُوا umhurū, imharū
imperative الْأَمْر	f		اُمْهُرِي, اِمْهَرِي umhurī, imharī		اُمْهُرَا, اِمْهَرَا umhurā, imharā			اُمْهُرْنَ, اِمْهَرْنَ umhurna, imharna

passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	مُهِرْتُ muhirtu	مُهِرْتَ muhirta	مُهِرَ muhira	مُهِرْتُمَا muhirtumā	مُهِرَا muhirā	مُهِرْنَا muhirnā	مُهِرْتُمْ muhirtum	مُهِرُوا muhirū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	مُهِرْتُ muhirtu	مُهِرْتِ muhirti	مُهِرَتْ muhirat	مُهِرْتُمَا muhirtumā	مُهِرَتَا muhiratā	مُهِرْنَا muhirnā	مُهِرْتُنَّ muhirtunna	مُهِرْنَ muhirna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُمْهَرُ ʔumharu	تُمْهَرُ tumharu	يُمْهَرُ yumharu	تُمْهَرَانِ tumharāni	يُمْهَرَانِ yumharāni	نُمْهَرُ numharu	تُمْهَرُونَ tumharūna	يُمْهَرُونَ yumharūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أُمْهَرُ ʔumharu	تُمْهَرِينَ tumharīna	تُمْهَرُ tumharu	تُمْهَرَانِ tumharāni	تُمْهَرَانِ tumharāni	نُمْهَرُ numharu	تُمْهَرْنَ tumharna	يُمْهَرْنَ yumharna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُمْهَرَ ʔumhara	تُمْهَرَ tumhara	يُمْهَرَ yumhara	تُمْهَرَا tumharā	يُمْهَرَا yumharā	نُمْهَرَ numhara	تُمْهَرُوا tumharū	يُمْهَرُوا yumharū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أُمْهَرَ ʔumhara	تُمْهَرِي tumharī	تُمْهَرَ tumhara	تُمْهَرَا tumharā	تُمْهَرَا tumharā	نُمْهَرَ numhara	تُمْهَرْنَ tumharna	يُمْهَرْنَ yumharna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُمْهَرْ ʔumhar	تُمْهَرْ tumhar	يُمْهَرْ yumhar	تُمْهَرَا tumharā	يُمْهَرَا yumharā	نُمْهَرْ numhar	تُمْهَرُوا tumharū	يُمْهَرُوا yumharū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أُمْهَرْ ʔumhar	تُمْهَرِي tumharī	تُمْهَرْ tumhar	تُمْهَرَا tumharā	تُمْهَرَا tumharā	نُمْهَرْ numhar	تُمْهَرْنَ tumharna	يُمْهَرْنَ yumharna

Noun

مَهْر • (mahr) m (plural مُهُور (muhūr))

verbal noun of مَهَرَ (mahara) (form I)
dowry, dower, marriage portion
price
contracting

Declension

Declension of noun **مَهْر** (mahr)
singular	basic singular triptote
singular	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	مَهْر mahr	الْمَهْر al-mahr	مَهْر mahr
nominative	مَهْرٌ mahrun	الْمَهْرُ al-mahru	مَهْرُ mahru
accusative	مَهْرًا mahran	الْمَهْرَ al-mahra	مَهْرَ mahra
genitive	مَهْرٍ mahrin	الْمَهْرِ al-mahri	مَهْرِ mahri
dual	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	مَهْرَيْن mahrayn	الْمَهْرَيْن al-mahrayn	مَهْرَيْ mahray
nominative	مَهْرَانِ mahrāni	الْمَهْرَانِ al-mahrāni	مَهْرَا mahrā
accusative	مَهْرَيْنِ mahrayni	الْمَهْرَيْنِ al-mahrayni	مَهْرَيْ mahray
genitive	مَهْرَيْنِ mahrayni	الْمَهْرَيْنِ al-mahrayni	مَهْرَيْ mahray
plural	basic broken plural triptote
plural	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	مُهُور muhūr	الْمُهُور al-muhūr	مُهُور muhūr
nominative	مُهُورٌ muhūrun	الْمُهُورُ al-muhūru	مُهُورُ muhūru
accusative	مُهُورًا muhūran	الْمُهُورَ al-muhūra	مُهُورَ muhūra
genitive	مُهُورٍ muhūrin	الْمُهُورِ al-muhūri	مُهُورِ muhūri

Descendants

Gulf Arabic: مهر (mahar, “dowry”)
→ Middle Armenian: մահր (mahr)
→ English: mahr
→ Swahili: mahari

Etymology 2

From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (mwdl), 𐫖𐫇𐫍𐫡 (mwhr /⁠muhr⁠/, “seal”), and denominal verb.

Noun

مُهْر • (muhr) m

seal; signet; stamp

Declension

Declension of noun **مُهْر** (muhr)
singular	basic singular triptote
singular	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	مُهْر muhr	الْمُهْر al-muhr	مُهْر muhr
nominative	مُهْرٌ muhrun	الْمُهْرُ al-muhru	مُهْرُ muhru
accusative	مُهْرًا muhran	الْمُهْرَ al-muhra	مُهْرَ muhra
genitive	مُهْرٍ muhrin	الْمُهْرِ al-muhri	مُهْرِ muhri

Descendants

→ Swahili: muhuri

Verb

مَهَرَ • (mahara) I (non-past يَمْهَرُ (yamharu), verbal noun ?)

to stamp, to imprint

Conjugation

Conjugation of **مَهَرَ** (I, sound, a ~ a, full passive (?), verbal noun ?)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر					? ?
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل					مَاهِر māhir
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول					مَمْهُور mamhūr
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	مَهَرْتُ mahartu	مَهَرْتَ maharta	مَهَرَ mahara	مَهَرْتُمَا mahartumā	مَهَرَا maharā	مَهَرْنَا maharnā	مَهَرْتُمْ mahartum	مَهَرُوا maharū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	مَهَرْتُ mahartu	مَهَرْتِ maharti	مَهَرَتْ maharat	مَهَرْتُمَا mahartumā	مَهَرَتَا maharatā	مَهَرْنَا maharnā	مَهَرْتُنَّ mahartunna	مَهَرْنَ maharna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَمْهَرُ ʔamharu	تَمْهَرُ tamharu	يَمْهَرُ yamharu	تَمْهَرَانِ tamharāni	يَمْهَرَانِ yamharāni	نَمْهَرُ namharu	تَمْهَرُونَ tamharūna	يَمْهَرُونَ yamharūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أَمْهَرُ ʔamharu	تَمْهَرِينَ tamharīna	تَمْهَرُ tamharu	تَمْهَرَانِ tamharāni	تَمْهَرَانِ tamharāni	نَمْهَرُ namharu	تَمْهَرْنَ tamharna	يَمْهَرْنَ yamharna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَمْهَرَ ʔamhara	تَمْهَرَ tamhara	يَمْهَرَ yamhara	تَمْهَرَا tamharā	يَمْهَرَا yamharā	نَمْهَرَ namhara	تَمْهَرُوا tamharū	يَمْهَرُوا yamharū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أَمْهَرَ ʔamhara	تَمْهَرِي tamharī	تَمْهَرَ tamhara	تَمْهَرَا tamharā	تَمْهَرَا tamharā	نَمْهَرَ namhara	تَمْهَرْنَ tamharna	يَمْهَرْنَ yamharna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَمْهَرْ ʔamhar	تَمْهَرْ tamhar	يَمْهَرْ yamhar	تَمْهَرَا tamharā	يَمْهَرَا yamharā	نَمْهَرْ namhar	تَمْهَرُوا tamharū	يَمْهَرُوا yamharū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أَمْهَرْ ʔamhar	تَمْهَرِي tamharī	تَمْهَرْ tamhar	تَمْهَرَا tamharā	تَمْهَرَا tamharā	نَمْهَرْ namhar	تَمْهَرْنَ tamharna	يَمْهَرْنَ yamharna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		اِمْهَرْ imhar		اِمْهَرَا imharā			اِمْهَرُوا imharū
imperative الْأَمْر	f		اِمْهَرِي imharī		اِمْهَرَا imharā			اِمْهَرْنَ imharna

passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	مُهِرْتُ muhirtu	مُهِرْتَ muhirta	مُهِرَ muhira	مُهِرْتُمَا muhirtumā	مُهِرَا muhirā	مُهِرْنَا muhirnā	مُهِرْتُمْ muhirtum	مُهِرُوا muhirū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	مُهِرْتُ muhirtu	مُهِرْتِ muhirti	مُهِرَتْ muhirat	مُهِرْتُمَا muhirtumā	مُهِرَتَا muhiratā	مُهِرْنَا muhirnā	مُهِرْتُنَّ muhirtunna	مُهِرْنَ muhirna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُمْهَرُ ʔumharu	تُمْهَرُ tumharu	يُمْهَرُ yumharu	تُمْهَرَانِ tumharāni	يُمْهَرَانِ yumharāni	نُمْهَرُ numharu	تُمْهَرُونَ tumharūna	يُمْهَرُونَ yumharūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أُمْهَرُ ʔumharu	تُمْهَرِينَ tumharīna	تُمْهَرُ tumharu	تُمْهَرَانِ tumharāni	تُمْهَرَانِ tumharāni	نُمْهَرُ numharu	تُمْهَرْنَ tumharna	يُمْهَرْنَ yumharna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُمْهَرَ ʔumhara	تُمْهَرَ tumhara	يُمْهَرَ yumhara	تُمْهَرَا tumharā	يُمْهَرَا yumharā	نُمْهَرَ numhara	تُمْهَرُوا tumharū	يُمْهَرُوا yumharū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أُمْهَرَ ʔumhara	تُمْهَرِي tumharī	تُمْهَرَ tumhara	تُمْهَرَا tumharā	تُمْهَرَا tumharā	نُمْهَرَ numhara	تُمْهَرْنَ tumharna	يُمْهَرْنَ yumharna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُمْهَرْ ʔumhar	تُمْهَرْ tumhar	يُمْهَرْ yumhar	تُمْهَرَا tumharā	يُمْهَرَا yumharā	نُمْهَرْ numhar	تُمْهَرُوا tumharū	يُمْهَرُوا yumharū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أُمْهَرْ ʔumhar	تُمْهَرِي tumharī	تُمْهَرْ tumhar	تُمْهَرَا tumharā	تُمْهَرَا tumharā	نُمْهَرْ numhar	تُمْهَرْنَ tumharna	يُمْهَرْنَ yumharna

Noun

مَهْر • (mahr) m (plural مُهُور (muhūr))

verbal noun of مَهَرَ (mahara) (form I)
sealing; stamping

Declension

Declension of noun **مَهْر** (mahr)
singular	basic singular triptote
singular	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	مَهْر mahr	الْمَهْر al-mahr	مَهْر mahr
nominative	مَهْرٌ mahrun	الْمَهْرُ al-mahru	مَهْرُ mahru
accusative	مَهْرًا mahran	الْمَهْرَ al-mahra	مَهْرَ mahra
genitive	مَهْرٍ mahrin	الْمَهْرِ al-mahri	مَهْرِ mahri
dual	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	مَهْرَيْن mahrayn	الْمَهْرَيْن al-mahrayn	مَهْرَيْ mahray
nominative	مَهْرَانِ mahrāni	الْمَهْرَانِ al-mahrāni	مَهْرَا mahrā
accusative	مَهْرَيْنِ mahrayni	الْمَهْرَيْنِ al-mahrayni	مَهْرَيْ mahray
genitive	مَهْرَيْنِ mahrayni	الْمَهْرَيْنِ al-mahrayni	مَهْرَيْ mahray
plural	basic broken plural triptote
plural	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	مُهُور muhūr	الْمُهُور al-muhūr	مُهُور muhūr
nominative	مُهُورٌ muhūrun	الْمُهُورُ al-muhūru	مُهُورُ muhūru
accusative	مُهُورًا muhūran	الْمُهُورَ al-muhūra	مُهُورَ muhūra
genitive	مُهُورٍ muhūrin	الْمُهُورِ al-muhūri	مُهُورِ muhūri

Related terms

مُهْرَدَار (muhradār)
مُهْرَق (muhraq)

Etymology 3

From Proto-Semitic *mahir-/*marw- (“(young) man; still fast and physically useful”), possibly further Proto-Afroasiatic *ma(hi)r- (“servant, slave”), potentially related to Arabic مَرْء (marʔ). Compare Akkadian 𒌉 (mārum, “young man, son; subordinate, deployable man, service man, usable worker, hireling for a service”), Ugaritic 𐎎𐎅𐎗 (mhr, “warrior, man, troop; skilled, expert, trained; exceptional, faster, better, or heroic”), Sabaean 𐩩𐩣𐩠𐩧𐩩 (tmhrt, “contingent of Bedouin mercenaries; specialty troops, proficient at handling camels and desert warfare”), Aramaic מהר, Hebrew מָהִיר, Hebrew מַהֵר, Phoenician 𐤌𐤄𐤓 (mhr), Classical Syriac ܡܗܪ (“to instruct, to be instructed, to learn, to excel”), Ge'ez ምሁረ (məhurä /⁠məhur⁠/, “trained”).

Verb

مَهَرَ • (mahara) I (non-past يَمْهُرُ (yamhuru) or يَمْهَرُ (yamharu), verbal noun مَهْر (mahr) or مَهَار (mahār) or مَهَارَة (mahāra) or مُهُور (muhūr))

to be skilled or skillful
to be proficient
to be trained, expert especially at handling

Conjugation

Conjugation of **مَهَرَ** (I, sound, a ~ u/a, no passive, verbal nouns **مَهْر**, *مَهَار*, *مَهَارَة*, *مُهُور*)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر					مَهْر, مَهَار, مَهَارَة, مُهُور mahr, mahār, mahāra, muhūr
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل					مَاهِر māhir
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	مَهَرْتُ mahartu	مَهَرْتَ maharta	مَهَرَ mahara	مَهَرْتُمَا mahartumā	مَهَرَا maharā	مَهَرْنَا maharnā	مَهَرْتُمْ mahartum	مَهَرُوا maharū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	مَهَرْتُ mahartu	مَهَرْتِ maharti	مَهَرَتْ maharat	مَهَرْتُمَا mahartumā	مَهَرَتَا maharatā	مَهَرْنَا maharnā	مَهَرْتُنَّ mahartunna	مَهَرْنَ maharna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَمْهُرُ, أَمْهَرُ ʔamhuru, ʔamharu	تَمْهُرُ, تَمْهَرُ tamhuru, tamharu	يَمْهُرُ, يَمْهَرُ yamhuru, yamharu	تَمْهُرَانِ, تَمْهَرَانِ tamhurāni, tamharāni	يَمْهُرَانِ, يَمْهَرَانِ yamhurāni, yamharāni	نَمْهُرُ, نَمْهَرُ namhuru, namharu	تَمْهُرُونَ, تَمْهَرُونَ tamhurūna, tamharūna	يَمْهُرُونَ, يَمْهَرُونَ yamhurūna, yamharūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أَمْهُرُ, أَمْهَرُ ʔamhuru, ʔamharu	تَمْهُرِينَ, تَمْهَرِينَ tamhurīna, tamharīna	تَمْهُرُ, تَمْهَرُ tamhuru, tamharu	تَمْهُرَانِ, تَمْهَرَانِ tamhurāni, tamharāni	تَمْهُرَانِ, تَمْهَرَانِ tamhurāni, tamharāni	نَمْهُرُ, نَمْهَرُ namhuru, namharu	تَمْهُرْنَ, تَمْهَرْنَ tamhurna, tamharna	يَمْهُرْنَ, يَمْهَرْنَ yamhurna, yamharna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَمْهُرَ, أَمْهَرَ ʔamhura, ʔamhara	تَمْهُرَ, تَمْهَرَ tamhura, tamhara	يَمْهُرَ, يَمْهَرَ yamhura, yamhara	تَمْهُرَا, تَمْهَرَا tamhurā, tamharā	يَمْهُرَا, يَمْهَرَا yamhurā, yamharā	نَمْهُرَ, نَمْهَرَ namhura, namhara	تَمْهُرُوا, تَمْهَرُوا tamhurū, tamharū	يَمْهُرُوا, يَمْهَرُوا yamhurū, yamharū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أَمْهُرَ, أَمْهَرَ ʔamhura, ʔamhara	تَمْهُرِي, تَمْهَرِي tamhurī, tamharī	تَمْهُرَ, تَمْهَرَ tamhura, tamhara	تَمْهُرَا, تَمْهَرَا tamhurā, tamharā	تَمْهُرَا, تَمْهَرَا tamhurā, tamharā	نَمْهُرَ, نَمْهَرَ namhura, namhara	تَمْهُرْنَ, تَمْهَرْنَ tamhurna, tamharna	يَمْهُرْنَ, يَمْهَرْنَ yamhurna, yamharna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَمْهُرْ, أَمْهَرْ ʔamhur, ʔamhar	تَمْهُرْ, تَمْهَرْ tamhur, tamhar	يَمْهُرْ, يَمْهَرْ yamhur, yamhar	تَمْهُرَا, تَمْهَرَا tamhurā, tamharā	يَمْهُرَا, يَمْهَرَا yamhurā, yamharā	نَمْهُرْ, نَمْهَرْ namhur, namhar	تَمْهُرُوا, تَمْهَرُوا tamhurū, tamharū	يَمْهُرُوا, يَمْهَرُوا yamhurū, yamharū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أَمْهُرْ, أَمْهَرْ ʔamhur, ʔamhar	تَمْهُرِي, تَمْهَرِي tamhurī, tamharī	تَمْهُرْ, تَمْهَرْ tamhur, tamhar	تَمْهُرَا, تَمْهَرَا tamhurā, tamharā	تَمْهُرَا, تَمْهَرَا tamhurā, tamharā	نَمْهُرْ, نَمْهَرْ namhur, namhar	تَمْهُرْنَ, تَمْهَرْنَ tamhurna, tamharna	يَمْهُرْنَ, يَمْهَرْنَ yamhurna, yamharna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		اُمْهُرْ, اِمْهَرْ umhur, imhar		اُمْهُرَا, اِمْهَرَا umhurā, imharā			اُمْهُرُوا, اِمْهَرُوا umhurū, imharū
imperative الْأَمْر	f		اُمْهُرِي, اِمْهَرِي umhurī, imharī		اُمْهُرَا, اِمْهَرَا umhurā, imharā			اُمْهُرْنَ, اِمْهَرْنَ umhurna, imharna

Etymology 4

From Proto-Semitic *muhr-.

Noun

مُهْر • (muhr) m (plural أَمْهَار (ʔamhār) or مِهَارَة (mihāra), feminine مُهْرَة (muhra))

foal, colt

Declension

Declension of noun **مُهْر** (muhr)
singular	basic singular triptote
singular	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	مُهْر muhr	الْمُهْر al-muhr	مُهْر muhr
nominative	مُهْرٌ muhrun	الْمُهْرُ al-muhru	مُهْرُ muhru
accusative	مُهْرًا muhran	الْمُهْرَ al-muhra	مُهْرَ muhra
genitive	مُهْرٍ muhrin	الْمُهْرِ al-muhri	مُهْرِ muhri
dual	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	مُهْرَيْن muhrayn	الْمُهْرَيْن al-muhrayn	مُهْرَيْ muhray
nominative	مُهْرَانِ muhrāni	الْمُهْرَانِ al-muhrāni	مُهْرَا muhrā
accusative	مُهْرَيْنِ muhrayni	الْمُهْرَيْنِ al-muhrayni	مُهْرَيْ muhray
genitive	مُهْرَيْنِ muhrayni	الْمُهْرَيْنِ al-muhrayni	مُهْرَيْ muhray
plural	basic broken plural triptote‎; broken plural triptote in ـَة (-a)
plural	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	أَمْهَار‎; مِهَارَة ʔamhār‎; mihāra	الْأَمْهَار‎; الْمِهَارَة al-ʔamhār‎; al-mihāra	أَمْهَار‎; مِهَارَة ʔamhār‎; mihārat
nominative	أَمْهَارٌ‎; مِهَارَةٌ ʔamhārun‎; mihāratun	الْأَمْهَارُ‎; الْمِهَارَةُ al-ʔamhāru‎; al-mihāratu	أَمْهَارُ‎; مِهَارَةُ ʔamhāru‎; mihāratu
accusative	أَمْهَارًا‎; مِهَارَةً ʔamhāran‎; mihāratan	الْأَمْهَارَ‎; الْمِهَارَةَ al-ʔamhāra‎; al-mihārata	أَمْهَارَ‎; مِهَارَةَ ʔamhāra‎; mihārata
genitive	أَمْهَارٍ‎; مِهَارَةٍ ʔamhārin‎; mihāratin	الْأَمْهَارِ‎; الْمِهَارَةِ al-ʔamhāri‎; al-mihārati	أَمْهَارِ‎; مِهَارَةِ ʔamhāri‎; mihārati

Persian

Etymology 1

The first sense borrowed from Arabic مَهْر (mahr, “dowry”), from the verb مَهَرَ (mahara, “to contract, to give a dowry”); see above. The remaining senses inherited from Middle Persian mtr' (mihr, “bond, contract”), from Old Persian 𐎷𐎰𐎼 (mithra), from Avestan 𐬨𐬌𐬚𐬭𐬋 (miθrō, “covenant, contract, oath”), from Proto-Iranian *miθráh, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *mitra (“covenant, treaty, agreement, promise”). Compare Sanskrit मित्र (mitra) and the above for a possible layer of phono-semantic matching with the Semitic root regarding business contracts and reception.

Pronunciation

(Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ˈmahɾ/

(Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [mäɦɾ]
- (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [mɒːɾ]
- (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [mɔːɾ]

(Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [mæɦɹ]

(Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [mäɦɾ]

Readings
Classical reading^?	mahr
Dari reading^?	mahr
Iranian reading^?	mahr
Tajik reading^?	mahr

Noun

مَهْر • (mahr) (plural مهرها)

(Islam) Mahr, dowry, bride-price or gift; a pre-negotiated gift of monetary or symbolic value which is promised to a bride by a groom upon marriage.
contracting
contract
covenant

Synonyms

مهریه (mahriye)

Etymology 2

From Middle Persian mtr' (Mihr), from Old Persian 𐎷𐎰𐎼 (Miθra), from Avestan 𐬨𐬌𐬚𐬭𐬀 (miθra, “covenant, contract, oath”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *mitra (“covenant, treaty, agreement, promise”). Compare Sanskrit मित्र (mitra), Ancient Greek μεσίτης (mesítēs). Doublet of (mitrā, personal name).

Pronunciation

(Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ˈmihɾ/

(Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [me̞ɦɾ]
- (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [meːɾ]
- (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [miɾ]

(Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [meɦɹ]

(Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [meɦɾ]

Readings
Classical reading^?	mihr
Dari reading^?	mehr
Iranian reading^?	mehr
Tajik reading^?	meh

Noun


Iranian Persian	مهر
Dari	مهر
Tajik	меҳр

مِهْر • (mehr)

Derived terms

مهربان (mehrabân)
مهربانی (mehrabâni)

Descendants

→ Punjabi:
Gurmukhi script: ਮਿਹਰ (mihar)

Shahmukhi script: مہر (mihr)

Proper noun


Iranian Persian	مهر
Dari	مهر
Tajik	Меҳр

مِهْر • (mehr)

Mehr, the seventh month of the solar Persian calendar.
Name of the sixteenth day of any month of the solar Persian calendar.
the Sun
- 1990, “سرود ملی جمهوری اسلامی ایران”, performed by Hassan Riyahi & Sayed Bagheri:
  سر زد از افق مهر خاوران
  Sar zad az ofoq mehr-e xâvarân
  Upwards on the horizon rises the eastern sun
- 2019, “شب رویایی”‎^[1]performed by Aron Afshar:
  سوگند به لبخند تو / دل من بند تو / ای مهر و ماه / تو جان بخواه
  Sowgand be labxand-e to / Del-e man band-e to / Ey mehr o mâh / To jân bexâh
  I swear by your smile / That my heart is your slave / Oh my sun and moon / You can ask my life of me
(Zoroastrianism) Mithra, a Zoroastrian deity.

Derived terms

مهرگان (mehregân)

Related terms

مهرآباد (mehr-âbâd)
مهرداد (mehrdâd)

Descendants

→ Armenian: Մհեր (Mher)

Etymology 3

From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (mwdl), 𐫖𐫇𐫍𐫡 (mwhr /⁠muhr⁠/, “seal”) (compare Parthian 𐫖𐫇𐫍𐫡 (mwhr /⁠muhr⁠/, “seal”), and Bactrian μολρο (molro)); possibly cognate with words above, otherwise from Akkadian 𒈬𒊬 (mušarû, “object bearing a royal inscription”), from Sumerian 𒈬𒊬 (mu-sar /⁠musar⁠/), from 𒈬 (mu, “name, fame”) + 𒊬 (sar, “to write”); cf. the many descendants of Sumerian 𒁾 (dub, “tablet; cylinder seal”) including (divân), (daf), (daftar), Arabic أَدَب (ʔadab), طُوب (ṭūb), طَابَع (ṭābaʕ), ذَبْر (ḏabr, “a writing on palm-leaves, a book”), ذَبَرَ (ḏabara, “to write, to point; to read thoroughly; to understand well”).

Pronunciation

(Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ˈmuhɾ/

(Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [mo̞ɦɾ]
- (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [mʊɾ]
- (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [muɾ]

(Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [moɦɹ]

(Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [mɵhɾ]

Readings
Classical reading^?	muhr
Dari reading^?	mohr
Iranian reading^?	mohr
Tajik reading^?	müh

Noun


Dari	مهر, تاپه
Iranian Persian	مهر
Tajik	мӯҳр

مُهْر • (mohr) (plural مهرها)

seal
impression
stamp
(Shia Islam) A prayer-stone, sometimes made from clay from Karbala or Mashhad, which is placed on the ground in front of the worshipper and onto which the forehead is touched during prayer; also known as a turba.

Derived terms

مهر زدن (mohr zadan)
مهر کردن (mohr kardan)
مهر و موم (mohr-o-mum)

Related terms

مهره (mohre)

Descendants

→ Azerbaijani: möhür
→ Ossetian: мыхуыр (myx°yr)
→ Ottoman Turkish: مهر (mühr, mühür)
- Turkish: mühür
- → Bulgarian: муху́р (muhúr)
- → Macedonian: мухур (muhur)
- → Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: му̏хур
  
  Latin script: mȕhūr
→ Punjabi:
Gurmukhi script: ਮੋਹਰ (mohar)

Shahmukhi script: مہر (mohr)
→ Tatar: мөһер (möher)