مگر

• مګر (magar)
• منګر (mangër)
• منگر (mangër)

Borrowed from Persian مگر (“but, yet, however”).

• IPA^(key): /mə.ˈɡər/

مگر • (magar)

1. alternative form of مګر

• “مګر”, in Pashto Dictionary, Peshawar, Pakistan: Pukhtoogle, 2020.

• می (mey) (dialectal)
• مگه (mage) (colloquial)

From Middle Persian 𐭠𐭫 𐭧𐭲 (ʾl ḥt /⁠ma agar⁠/, “perhaps; lest”), from 𐭠𐭫 (ʾl /⁠ma⁠/, “do not”) + 𐭧𐭲 (ḥt /⁠agar⁠/, “if”).^[1]

• Rhymes: -ar

مَگَر • (magar)

1. Used to introduce a question to which the opposite answer is expected, or had been previously assumed; expresses surprise or disbelief.

   مگر کتاب را نخواندی؟ (literary)

   magar ketâb râ na-xândi?

   مگه کتاب و نخوندی؟ (colloquial)

   mage ketâb o na-xundi?

   Didn't you read the book? / Oh, you didn't read the book?

   [assuming that the listener did or should have read the book; or, that the speaker had previously thought the listener had read the book]

   مگر غذا می‌خواهی؟ (literary)

   magar ġazâ mi-xâhi?

   مگه غذا می‌خوای؟ (colloquial)

   mage ġazâ mi-xây?

   You don't want food, do you? / I thought you didn’t want food?

   • c. 1075, Abu'l-Fażl Muḥammad ibn Ḥusayn Bayhaqī, تاریخ بیهقی [Tārīkh-i Bayhaqī]:

     گفت: مگر گوشت نیافته بودی و نقل که مرا و کدخدایم را بخورید؟

     guft: magar gōšt nayāfta būdī u nuql ki marā u kadxudāyam rā bixwarēd?

     He said, “Had you not found any meat or delicacy, that you had to ‘eat’ [slander] me and my chamberlain?”

     (Classical Persian transliteration)

2. unless

   من می‌روم مگر او هم برود. (literary)

   man mi-ravam magar u ham beravam.

   من می‌رم مگه اونم بره. (colloquial)

   man mi-ram mage un-am ber-e.

   I’ll go unless he goes too.

   مگر از روی جنازه من رد بشوی!

   magar az ru-ye jenâze-ye man rad bešavi!

   [Not] unless you cross over my dead body!

3. (chiefly Dari, Indo-Persian) but; however

   Synonyms: ولی (vali), امّا (ammâ)

   برف منظرۀ طبیعت را خیلی زیبا میسازد، مگر هوا را خیلی سرد میسازد. (Dari, more literary)

   barf manzara-yi tabī'at rā xaylē zēbā mēsāzad, magar hawā rā xaylē sard mēsāzad.

   Snow makes the scenery of nature very beautiful, but [it also] makes the air very cold.

   • c. 1520, Selim I of the Ottoman Empire, edited by Benedek Péri, The Persian Dīvān of Yavuz Sulṭān Selīm, Budapest, Hungary: Research Centre for the Humanities, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, →ISBN, page 113:

     زود می‌آمد که دردم را دوا سازد مگر
     باز گشت از در بچشم در فشان مسکین طبیب

     zūd mē-āmad ki dardam rā dawā sāzad magar
     bāz gašt az dar ba-čašm-i durr fišān miskīn tabīb

     He had come early to cure my pain, but
     The helpless physician turned back from the door with eyes strewing pearls [metaphor: teardrops].

     (Classical Persian transliteration)

4. (archaic) it happened that...; used to introduce a narrative.
5. (obsolete) as if

   Synonyms: انگار (engâr), گوئی (guyi)

   • c. 1520, Selim I of the Ottoman Empire, edited by Benedek Péri, The Persian Dīvān of Yavuz Sulṭān Selīm, Budapest, Hungary: Research Centre for the Humanities, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, →ISBN, page 87:

     تا وزیدست برو از تو نسیم ادبی
     زنده گشتست مگر از دم عیسی لاله

     tā wazīdast bar ō az tō nasīm-i adabī
     zinda gaštast magar az dam-i īsā lāla

     As long as courteous breezes from you have wafted upon it,
     The tulip has become alive, as if from Jesus's breath.

     (Classical Persian transliteration)

   • 1699, Muḥammad Amīn ibn Mīrzā Muḥammad Zamān Bukhārī, محیط التواریخ [Muḥīṭ al-Tawārīkh]:

     ز دریا مگر بر لب آمد حباب.

     zi daryā magar bar lab āmad hubāb.

     [It was] as if bubbles were coming from the sea to its lips.

(unless):

• In this sense, the hypothetical unless-clause introduced by مگر (magar) must follow the then-clause, unless the then-clause is left implicit. من می‌روم مگر او هم برود (man mi-ravam magar u ham beravam) is possible, but not *مگر او هم برود، من می‌روم (*magar u ham beravam, man mi-ravam)

مَگَر • (magar)

1. except; except for

   Synonyms: جز (joz), بجز (bejoz), غیر از (ġeyr az), الّا (ellâ)

   همه بودند مگر علی.

   hame budand magar'ali.

   Everyone was there except for Ali.

   • c. 1075, Abu'l-Fażl Muḥammad ibn Ḥusayn Bayhaqī, تاریخ بیهقی [Tārīkh-i Bayhaqī]:

     اکنون همه بر جایند مگر حسنک.

     aknūn hama bar jāy-and magar hasanak.

     Presently, all of them are alive except for Hasanak.

     (Classical Persian transliteration)

   • c. 1520, Selim I of the Ottoman Empire, edited by Benedek Péri, The Persian Dīvān of Yavuz Sulṭān Selīm, Budapest, Hungary: Research Centre for the Humanities, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, →ISBN, page 204:

     گفتی نهان مگر بمن ار نی کشم ترا
     من هم جز این که کشتهٔ آنم چه کرده‌ام

     guftī nihān magar ba-man ar nē kušam tu-rā
     man ham juz īn ki kušta-yi ānam či karda'am

     You said, "[keep your love] hidden except to me, otherwise I shall kill you!"
     What have I done, except for being killed by it [the love]?"

     (Classical Persian transliteration)

مَگَر • (magar)

1. (archaic) perhaps; perchance; (in wishes) hopefully

   Synonym: شاید (šâyad)

   • c. 1390, Hafez, “Ghazal 6”, in دیوان حافظ [The Divān of Hafez]‎^[2]:

     ز رقیب دیوسیرت به خدای خود پناهم
     مگر آن شهاب ثاقب مددی دهد خدا را

     zi raqīb-i dēw-sīrat ba xudā-yi xwad panāham
     magar ān šihāb-i sāqib madadē dahad xudā rā

     From my demon-natured rival, I seek refuge in my Lord;
     By God, may that gleaming flame give [me] a little help [against my rival].

     (romanization in Classical Persian)

2. (obsolete) surely; certainly; indeed
   • c. 1075, Abu'l-Fażl Muḥammad ibn Ḥusayn Bayhaqī, تاریخ بیهقی [Tārīkh-i Bayhaqī]:

     و جواب یافت که چون برفت مگر زشت باشد بازگشتن

     u jawāb yāft ki čūn biraft magar zišt bāšad bāzgaštan.

     And he received the reply that, having left, it would indeed be unseemly for him to return.

     (Classical Persian transliteration)

• (Standard Punjabi) IPA^(key): /mə.ɡəɾ/
• Rhymes: -əɾ

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

مَگَر • (magar) f (Gurmukhi spelling ਮਗਰ)

1. back, backside

   Synonyms: کَن٘ڈ (kaṉḍ), پِٹّھ (piṭṭh)

مَگَر • (magar) (Gurmukhi spelling ਮਗਰ)

1. behind, after

• مَگَرلا (magarlā, “posterior”, adjective)
• مَگَرا m (magarā, “backpack”)
• مَگَروں (magaroṉ, “later”, adverb)

From Classical Persian مگر (magar). Compare Hindustani مگر / मगर (magar).

مَگَر • (magar) (Gurmukhi spelling ਮਗਰ)

1. but, yet

   Synonyms: پَر (par), لیکن (lekn)

Inherited from Sanskrit मकर (mákara).

مَگَر • (magar) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਮਗਰ)

1. mugger crocodile; crocodile

   Synonym: مَگَرمَچّھ (magarmacch)

• مَگَرمَچّھ (magarmacch)

From Classical Persian مگر (magar).

مَگَر • (magar)

1. but

Borrowed from Classical Persian مگر (magar, “but, unless, perhaps”), from Middle Persian 𐭠𐭫 𐭧𐭲 (ʾl ḥt /⁠ma agar⁠/, “perhaps; lest (lit. not if)”).

مگر • (magar) (Hindi spelling मगर)

1. but
2. however
3. unless
4. perhaps
5. possibly

• لیکن (lekin)
• پر (par)

• اگر (agar)

Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀫𑀕𑀭 (magara), from Sanskrit मकर (mákara).

مگر • (magar) m (Hindi spelling मगर)

1. alligator
2. crocodile

• گھڑیال (ghaṛiyāl)
• شیر آبی (śīr ābī)