ܪܒܐ

See also: ܕܒܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Etymology 1

Root
ܪ ܒ ܒ (r b b)
7 terms

Inherited from Aramaic רַבָּא (rabbā), from Proto-Semitic *rabb-; compare Arabic رَبّ (rabb) and Hebrew רַב (ráv).

Pronunciation

(Standard) IPA^(key): [rab.bɑː]
(Nineveh Plains) IPA^(key): [rˤɑːbɑː]

Adjective

ܪܲܒܵܐ • (rabbā) (feminine ܪܲܒܬ݂ܵܐ (rabṯā), masculine plural ܪ̈ܲܒܹܐ (rabbē), feminine plural ܪ̈ܲܒܵܬ݂ܵܐ (rabbāṯā))

great, big, huge, massive
Synonyms: ܓܘܼܪܵܐ (gūrā), ܟܲܒܝܼܪܵܐ (kabīrā)

Antonyms: ܙܥܘܿܪܵܐ (zˁōrā), ܕܲܩܝܼܩܵܐ (daqīqā)

ܐܝܼܬ݂ ܗ݇ܘܵܐ ܢܝܼܫܲܢܩܵܐ ܪܲܒܵܐ ܡܘܼܬܒ݂ܵܐ ܥܲܠ ܬܲܪܥܵܐ
īṯ wā nīšanqā rabbā mutḇā ˁal tarˁā
There was a big sign put on the door.
adult, grown of a person
Synonyms: ܫܲܠܡܵܐ (šalmā), ܡܸܛܝܵܐ (miṭyā)

ܩܵܐ ܟܠܗܘܿܢ ܐ݇ܢܵܫܹ̈ܐ، ܪܲܒܵܐ ܝܲܢ ܙܥܘܿܪܵܐ.
qā kullhōn nāšē, rabbā yan zˁōrā.
For all the people adult or child.

Noun

ܪܲܒܵܐ • (rabbā) m sg (plural ܪ̈ܲܒܹܐ (rabbē) or ܪ̈ܲܒܵܢܹܐ (rabbānē), feminine ܪܲܒܬ݂ܵܐ (rabṯā))

leader, master, chief, magistrate
Synonyms: ܡܵܪܵܐ (mārā), ܒܲܥܠܵܐ (baˁlā)
adult
Synonyms: ܚܘܵܪܕܸܩܢܵܐ (ḥwārdiqnā), ܓܘܼܪܵܐ (gūrā)

ܝܘܼܠܦܵܢܵܐ ܠܹܐ ܦܵܪܹܩ ܠܥܵܠܲܡ ܐܵܦܸܢ ܪܲܒܵܐ ܝܲܢ ܙܥܘܿܪܵܐ ܝܘܸܬ.
yulpānā lē pārēq l-ˁālam āpin rabbā yan zˁōrā ìwet.
Learning never stops whether you are an adult or a youth.

Usage notes

In some dialects, the feminine plural form of this adjective survives and is commonly used.

Inflection

Inflection of **ܪܲܒܵܐ**
	isolated forms		with possessive pronouns
	state	form	person	singular		plural
	state	form	person	m	f	plural
singular	absolute	ܪܲܒ݂ (raḇ)	1^st person	ܪܲܒܝܼ (rabī)		ܪܲܒܲܢ (rabban)
	construct	ܪܲܒ݂ (raḇ)	2^nd person	ܪܲܒܘܼܟ݂ (rabōḵ)	ܪܲܒܵܟ݂ܝ (rabbāḵ)	ܪܲܒܲܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (rabbawḵōn)
	emphatic	ܪܲܒܵܐ (rabbā)	3^rd person	ܪܲܒܹܗ (rabbēh)	ܪܲܒܵܗ̇ (rabbāh)	ܪܲܒܗܘܿܢ (rabhōn)
plural	absolute	ܪ̈ܲܒܝܼܢ (rabīn)	1^st person	ܪ̈ܲܒܝܼ (rabī)		ܪ̈ܲܒܲܢ (rabban)
	construct	ܪ̈ܲܒܲܝ (rabbay)	2^nd person	ܪ̈ܲܒܘܼܟ݂ (rabōḵ)	ܪ̈ܲܒܵܟ݂ܝ (rabbāḵ)	ܪ̈ܲܒܲܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (rabbawḵōn)
	emphatic	ܪ̈ܲܒܹܐ (rabbē)	3^rd person	ܪ̈ܲܒܘܼܗܝ (rabūh)	ܪ̈ܲܒܘܼܗ̇ (rabbōh)	ܪ̈ܲܒܲܝܗܘܿܢ (rabbayhōn)

Derived terms

ܙܥܘܿܪܵܐ ܘܪܲܒܵܐ (zˁōrā w-rabbā, “everyone, young and old”)
ܪܲܒܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ (rabūṯā)
ܪܲܒܝܼ (rabī, “professor, rabbi”)
ܪܲܒܲܢ (rabban, “monk”)
ܪܲܒ݂ ܐܲܠܦܵܐ (raḇ alpā, “chiliarch”)
ܪܲܒ݂ ܐܸܡܐܵܐ (raḇ imˀā, “centurion”)
ܪܲܒ݂ ܚܲܝܠܵܐ (raḇ ḥaylā)
ܪܲܒ݂ ܩܸܫܬܵܝܹ̈ܐ (raḇ qištāyē)
ܪܲܒ݂ ܫܵܩܵܐ (raḇ šāqā)

Etymology 2

Root
ܪ ܒ ܒ (r b b)
7 terms

Derived from an adverbial usage of the above. Compare Arabic رُبَّ (rubba).

Pronunciation

(Standard) IPA^(key): [rɑːbɑː]

Adverb

ܪܵܒܵܐ • (rābā)

very, many, much, several, so
Synonyms: ܣܲܓܝܼ (sagī), ܟܲܒܝܼܪܵܐ (kabīrā)

ܐܝܼܩܵܪܵܐ ܪܵܒܵܐ ܐܵܢܲܢܩܵܝܵܐ ܝܠܹܗ ܓܲܘ ܗܵܕ݂ܹܐ ܡܲܕ݂ܪܲܫܬܵܐ
īqārā rābā ānanqāyā ìlēh gaw hāḏē maḏraštā
Respect is very important in this school.

ܚܙܝܼܩ ܠܹܗ ܠܪܵܒܵܐ ܐܲܬ݂ܪ̈ܵܘܵܬ݂ܵܐ.
ḥzīq lēh l-rābā aṯrāwāṯā.
He has travelled to many countries.

ܐܵܢܵܐ ܐ݇ܡܝܼܪ ܠܝܼ ܐܸܠܘܼܗܝ ܪܵܒܵܐ ܓܵܗܹ̈ܐ.
ānā mīr lī ilūh rābā gāhē.
I told him several times.

ܪܵܒܵܐ ܚܸܕ݂ܝܵܐ ܝܘܸܢ. ― rābā ḥiḏyā ìwen. ― I am so happy.
too, too much [with ܥܲܠ (ˁal)]
Synonyms: ܣܲܓܝܼ ܝܲܬܝܼܪ (sagī yatīr), ܝܲܬܝܼܪ ܡܣܵܦܩܵܐ (yatīr msāpqā)

ܪܵܒܵܐ ܝܠܵܗ̇ ܥܲܠܘܼܟ݂ ܕܐܵܙܹܠ݇ܬ.
rābā ìlāh ˁalōḵ d-āzēt.
It is too much for you to go.

Etymology 3

Root
ܪ ܒ ܒ (r b b)
7 terms

Compare Arabic رَبَّ (rabba).

Alternative forms

ܝܵܪܹܒ݂ (yārēḇ)

Pronunciation

(Standard) IPA^(key): [rɑːweː], [rɑːveː]
(Nineveh Plains) IPA^(key): [rˤɑːweː]
(Urmia) IPA^(key): [rɑːveː]
Homophone: ܪܵܘܹܐ (rāwē, “to become intoxicated”)

Verb

ܪܵܒ݂ܹܐ • (rāḇē)

(intransitive) to be/become big, large, great; to grow
Synonym: ܟܵܒ݂ܹܪ (kāḇēr)

Antonym: ܙܵܥܹܪ (zāˁēr)

ܐܵܕܝܼܵܐ ܚܲܒܘܼܫܹ̈ܐ ܟܹܐ ܪܵܒ݂ܝܼ ܒܟܠܹܗ ܥܵܠܡܵܐ.
ādīyā ḥabūšē kē rāḇī b-kullēh ˁālmā.
Apples now grow all over the world.

ܡܕ݂ܝܼܢ݇ܬܵܐ ܪܒ݂ܹܐ ܠܵܗ̇ ܘܡܸܢܝܵܢ ܥܵܡܘܿܪ̈ܘܿܗ̇ ܐ݇ܣܝܼܩ ܠܹܗ.
mḏītā rḇē lāh w-minyān ˁāmōrōh sīq lēh.
The city grew and its population went up.
(intransitive) to grow up, become older
Synonyms: ܩܵܐܹܡ (qāˀēm), ܓܲܪܘܸܣ (garwis)

ܫܲܒ݂ܪܹ̈ܐ ܟܹܐ ܪܵܒܝܼ ܩܲܠܘܼܠܵܐ. ― šaḇrē kē rābī qalūlā. ― Children grow quickly.

ܝܵܠܵܕ݇ܐ ܪܒ݂ܹܐ ܠܹܗ ܝܲܬܝܼܪ ܚܲܟܝܼܡܵܐ.
yālā rḇē lēh yatīr ḥakīmā.
The boy grew wiser.

Conjugation

Conjugation of *ܪܵܒ݂ܹܐ*
		singular			plural
gerund	ܒܸܪܒ݂ܵܝܵܐ (birḇāyā)
verbal noun	ܪܒ݂ܵܝܵܐ (rḇāyā)

passive participle	m	ܪܸܒ݂ܝܵܐ (riḇyā)			ܪܸ̈ܒ݂ܝܹܐ (riḇyē)
passive participle	f	ܪܒ݂ܝܼܬ݂ܵܐ (rḇīṯā)			ܪܸ̈ܒ݂ܝܹܐ (riḇyē)
agent noun	m	ܪܵܒ݂ܘܿܝܵܐ (rāḇōyā)			ܪ̈ܵܒ݂ܘܿܝܹܐ (rāḇōyē)
agent noun	f	ܪܵܒ݂ܘܿܝܬܵܐ (rāḇōytā)			ܪ̈ܵܒ݂ܘܿܝܵܬ݂ܵܐ (rāḇōyāṯā)
instance noun		ܪܒ݂ܵܝܬܵܐ (rḇāytā)			ܪ̈ܒ݂ܵܝܵܬ݂ܵܐ (rḇāyāṯā)

		singular			plural
		1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person	1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person
past	m	ܪܒ݂ܹܐ ܠܝܼ (rḇē lī)	ܪܒ݂ܹܐ ܠܘܼܟ݂ (rḇē lōḵ)	ܪܒ݂ܹܐ ܠܹܗ (rḇē lēh)	ܪܒ݂ܹܐ ܠܲܢ (rḇē lan)	ܪܒ݂ܹܐ ܠܲܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (rḇē lawḵōn)	ܪܒ݂ܹܐ ܠܗܘܿܢ (rḇē lhōn)
past	f	ܪܒ݂ܹܐ ܠܝܼ (rḇē lī)	ܪܒ݂ܹܐ ܠܵܟ݂ܝ (rḇē lāḵ)	ܪܒ݂ܹܐ ܠܵܗ̇ (rḇē lāh)	ܪܒ݂ܹܐ ܠܲܢ (rḇē lan)	ܪܒ݂ܹܐ ܠܲܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (rḇē lawḵōn)	ܪܒ݂ܹܐ ܠܗܘܿܢ (rḇē lhōn)
active non-past	m	ܪܵܒ݂ܹܝܢ (rāḇēn)	ܪܵܒ݂ܹܝܬ (rāḇēt)	ܪܵܒ݂ܹܐ (rāḇē)	ܪܵܒ݂ܹܝܚ (rāḇēḥ)	ܪܵܒ݂ܲܝܬܘܿܢ (rāḇaytōn)	ܪܵܒ݂ܝܼ (rāḇī)
active non-past	f	ܪܵܒ݂ܝܲܢ (rāḇyan)	ܪܵܒ݂ܝܲܬܝ (rāḇyat)	ܪܵܒ݂ܝܵܐ (rāḇyā)	ܪܵܒ݂ܹܝܚ (rāḇēḥ)	ܪܵܒ݂ܲܝܬܘܿܢ (rāḇaytōn)	ܪܵܒ݂ܝܼ (rāḇī)
passive past	m	ܪܒ݂ܹܝܢ (rḇēn)	ܪܒ݂ܹܝܬ (rḇēt)	ܪܒ݂ܹܐ (rḇē)	ܪܒ݂ܹܝܚ (rḇēḥ)	ܪܒ݂ܲܝܬܘܿܢ (rḇaytōn)	ܪܒ݂ܲܝ (rḇay)
passive past	f	ܪܸܒ݂ܝܲܢ (riḇyan)	ܪܸܒ݂ܝܲܬܝ (riḇyat)	ܪܸܒ݂ܝܵܐ (riḇyā)	ܪܒ݂ܹܝܚ (rḇēḥ)	ܪܒ݂ܲܝܬܘܿܢ (rḇaytōn)	ܪܒ݂ܲܝ (rḇay)
imperative	m		ܪܒ݂ܝܼ (rḇī)			ܪܒ݂ܲܘ (rḇaw)
imperative	f		ܪܒ݂ܲܝ (rḇay)			ܪܒ݂ܲܘ (rḇaw)

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Classical Syriac

Etymology

From Proto-Semitic *rabb-, belonging to the root ܪ ܒ ܒ related to greatness.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [rabbɑ] (singular)
IPA^(key): [rabbe], [rabbɑne], [rawr(ə)vɑne] (plural)

Noun

ܪܒܐ • (transliteration needed) m (plural ܪܘܪܒܢܐ or ܪܒܢܐ or ܪܒܐ, singular feminine counterpart ܪܒܬܐ)

leader, magnate, king, duke, prince, chief, magistrate, prefect
teacher, doctor, master

Usage notes

The plural ܪܒܢܐ (rabbānē) is used for the sense of “leaders” while the plural ܪܘܪܒܢܐ (rawr(ə)ḇānē) is used for the sense of “teachers”. The plural ܪܒܐ (rabbē) is rare for either sense.

Inflection

Inflection of **ܪܒܐ**
	isolated forms		with possessive pronouns
	state	form	person	singular		plural
	state	form	person	m	f	m	f
singular	absolute	ܪܒ	1^st person	ܪܒܝ		ܪܒܢ
	construct	ܪܒ	2^nd person	ܪܒܟ	ܪܒܟܝ	ܪܒܟܘܢ	ܪܒܟܝܢ
	emphatic		3^rd person	ܪܒܗ	ܪܒܗ	ܪܒܗܘܢ	ܪܒܗܝܢ
plural	absolute	ܪܘܪܒܢܐ ,ܪܒܢܐ ,	1^st person	ܪܘܪܒܢܝ ,ܪܒܢܝ ,ܪܒܝ		ܪܘܪܒܢܝܢ ,ܪܒܢܝܢ ,ܪܒܝܢ
	construct	ܪܘܪܒܢܐ ,ܪܒܢܐ ,	2^nd person	ܪܘܪܒܢܝܟ ,ܪܒܢܝܟ ,ܪܒܝܟ	ܪܘܪܒܢܝܟܝ ,ܪܒܢܝܟܝ ,ܪܒܝܟܝ	ܪܘܪܒܢܝܟܘܢ ,ܪܒܢܝܟܘܢ ,ܪܒܝܟܘܢ	ܪܘܪܒܢܝܟܝܢ ,ܪܒܢܝܟܝܢ ,ܪܒܝܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܪܘܪܒܢܐ ,ܪܒܢܐ ,	3^rd person	ܪܘܪܒܢܘܗܝ ,ܪܒܢܘܗܝ ,ܪܒܘܗܝ	ܪܘܪܒܢܝܗ ,ܪܒܢܝܗ ,ܪܒܝܗ	ܪܘܪܒܢܝܗܘܢ ,ܪܒܢܝܗܘܢ ,ܪܒܝܗܘܢ	ܪܘܪܒܢܝܗܝܢ ,ܪܒܢܝܗܝܢ ,ܪܒܝܗܝܢ

References

“rb”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 334a
Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 525a
Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, →ISBN, pages 1425a–b