अद्

See also: अदा

Kolami

Alternative forms

అద్ (ad) — Telugu script

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Dravidian *atu. Cognate with Kannada ಅದು (adu), Malayalam അത് (atŭ), Tamil அது (atu). From அ (a, pronominal base), see Proto-Dravidian *a-. Cognate with Kannada ಅದು (adu), Malayalam അത് (atŭ), Telugu అది (adi).

Pronoun

अद् (ad)

she, it, that
non-masculine third-person singular distal pronoun; it or she

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

অদ্ (Assamese script)
ᬅᬤ᭄ (Balinese script)
অদ্ (Bengali script)
𑰀𑰟𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀅𑀤𑁆 (Brahmi script)
အဒ် (Burmese script)
અદ્ (Gujarati script)
ਅਦ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌅𑌦𑍍 (Grantha script)
ꦄꦢ꧀ (Javanese script)
𑂃𑂠𑂹 (Kaithi script)
ಅದ್ (Kannada script)
អទ៑ (Khmer script)
ອທ຺ (Lao script)
അദ് (Malayalam script)
ᠠᡩ (Manchu script)
𑘀𑘟𑘿 (Modi script)
ᠠᢑ (Mongolian script)
𑦠𑦿𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
𑐀𑐡𑑂 (Newa script)
ଅଦ୍ (Odia script)
ꢂꢣ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
𑆃𑆢𑇀 (Sharada script)
𑖀𑖟𑖿 (Siddham script)
අද් (Sinhalese script)
𑩐𑩭 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
𑚀𑚛𑚶 (Takri script)
அத்³ (Tamil script)
అద్ (Telugu script)
อทฺ (Thai script)
ཨ་ད྄ (Tibetan script)
𑒁𑒠𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
𑨀𑨛𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *Had-, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Had-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ed-. Cognates include Avestan 𐬀𐬛 (ad), Hittite 𒂊𒀉𒈪 (e-id-mi, “I eat”), Ancient Greek ἔδω (édō), Latin edō, Old Armenian ուտեմ (utem, “to eat”), Gothic 𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽 (itan), Old Church Slavonic ꙗсти (jasti), Old Irish estir (“he may eat”), English eat.

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɐd/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ɐd̪/

Root

अद् • (ad)

to eat
Synonyms: घस् (ghas), खाद् (khād)

Usage notes

In Vedic, this root is suppleted by घस् (ghas) (for aorist, perfect, desiderative, and past participle) and by आवयत् (ā́vayat) (for 2/3sg. imperfect).

Derived terms

Sanskrit terms belonging to the root अद् (0 c, 11 e)

Terms derived from the Sanskrit root अद् (6 c, 0 e)

Primary Verbal Forms

अत्ति (átti) (Present)
अत्स्यति (atsyáti) (Future)
अत्ता (attā́) (Periphrastic Future)
अद्यात् (adyā́t) (Benedictive)
आद (ā́da) (Perfect)

Secondary Forms

अद्यते (adyáte) (Passive)
आदयति (ādayati) (Causative)
आदिदत् (ā́didat) (Causative Aorist)

Non-Finite Forms

अत्तुम् (áttum) (Infinitive)
अत्तवे (áttave) (Infinitive)
अत्तोस् (attos) (Infinitive)
अत्त्वा (attvā́) (Gerund)
अत्त्वाय (attvā́ya) (Gerund)
अदनीय (adanī́ya) (Gerundive)
अत्तव्य (attavyà) (Gerundive)
आद्य (ādyà) (Gerundive)
अद्य (adya) (Gerundive)

Derived Nominal Forms

अत्ति (attí)
अत्तृ (attṛ́)
अत्र (átra, “food”)
अद् (ad)
अद (ada)
अदक (adaka)
अदन (adana)
अद्मन् (ádman)
अद्वन् (advan)
अद्वर (advara)
अन्न (ánna)
आदन (ā́dana)
आदिन् (ādín)
अन्नाद्य (annādya)

Prefixed Root Forms

अप्यद् (apyad)
प्रत्यद् (pratyad)

References

Monier Williams (1899) “अद्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 17, column 3.
William Dwight Whitney (1885) The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 3

Hellwig, Oliver (2010–2025) “ad”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.
Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 61-2
Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) “ad”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University, pages 8-9
Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 230-1