भी
Hindi
Etymology
Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀯𑀺 (vi), 𑀧𑀺 (pi), 𑀅𑀯𑀺 (avi), from Sanskrit अपि (api, “close by; also”).
Pronunciation
- (Delhi) IPA(key): /bʱiː/
Particle
भी • (bhī) (Urdu spelling بھی)
Adverb
भी • (bhī) (Urdu spelling بھی)
References
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “ápi”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- ভী (Assamese script)
- ᬪᬷ (Balinese script)
- ভী (Bengali script)
- 𑰥𑰱 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀪𑀻 (Brahmi script)
- ဘီ (Burmese script)
- ભી (Gujarati script)
- ਭੀ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌭𑍀 (Grantha script)
- ꦨꦷ (Javanese script)
- 𑂦𑂲 (Kaithi script)
- ಭೀ (Kannada script)
- ភី (Khmer script)
- ຠີ (Lao script)
- ഭീ (Malayalam script)
- ᢨᡳᡳ (Manchu script)
- 𑘥𑘲 (Modi script)
- ᠪᠾᠢᠢ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧅𑧓 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐨𑐷 (Newa script)
- ଭୀ (Odia script)
- ꢩꢷ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆨𑆵 (Sharada script)
- 𑖥𑖱 (Siddham script)
- භී (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩳𑩑𑩛 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚡𑚯 (Takri script)
- பீ⁴ (Tamil script)
- భీ (Telugu script)
- ภี (Thai script)
- བྷཱི (Tibetan script)
- 𑒦𑒲 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨡𑨁𑨊 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology 1
From Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyh₂- (“to fear”). Cognate with Old English bifian (whence English bive), Avestan 𐬠𐬀𐬫𐬈𐬥𐬙𐬈 (bayente, “they are afraid”), Persian بیم (bim, “fear”).
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /bʱiː/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /bʱiː/
Root
भी • (bhī)
- (parasmaipada) to fear, dread, be afraid of
- मृत्योर्बिभेषि किं बाल न स भीतं विमुञ्चति; रावणाद्बिभ्यतीं भृशम् Bk.8.7; Śi.3.45.
- mṛtyorbibheṣi kiṃ bāla na sa bhītaṃ vimuñcati; rāvaṇādbibhyatīṃ bhṛśam Bk.8.7; Śi.3.45.
- Boy, why are you afraid of death ? Death does not release this anger; he was scared of Ravana.
- (ātmanepada) to be anxious or solicitous about
Derived terms
Sanskrit terms belonging to the root भी (0 c, 10 e)
Terms derived from the Sanskrit root भी (10 c, 0 e)
- Primary Verbal Forms
- Secondary Forms
- भीयते (bhīyate) (Passive)
- अभायि (abhāyi) (Passive Aorist)
- भीषयति (bhīṣáyati) (Causative)
- भाययति (bhāyayati) (Causative)
- अबीभयत् (abībhayat) (Causative Aorist)
- बिभीषति (bibhīṣati) (Desiderative)
- Non-Finite Forms
- भीत (bhītá) (Past Participle)
- भेतुम् (bhetum) (Infinitive)
- भियसे (bhiyáse) (Infinitive)
- भय्य (bhayya) (Gerundive)
- भेय (bheya) (Gerundive)
- भेतव्य (bhetavya) (Gerundive)
- Derived Nominal Forms
Etymology 2
From Proto-Indo-Aryan *bʰíHs, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰíHs, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰéyh₂-s ~ *bʰih₂-és, from *bʰeyh₂- (“to fear”).
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /bʱíː/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /bʱiː/
Noun
भी • (bhī́) stem, f
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | भीः (bhī́ḥ) | भियौ (bhíyau) | भियः (bhíyaḥ) |
| accusative | भियम् (bhíyam) | भियौ (bhíyau) | भियः (bhíyaḥ) |
| instrumental | भिया (bhiyā́) | भीभ्याम् (bhībhyā́m) | भीभिः (bhībhíḥ) |
| dative | भिये (bhiyé) भियै¹ (bhiyaí¹) |
भीभ्याम् (bhībhyā́m) | भीभ्यः (bhībhyáḥ) |
| ablative | भियः (bhiyáḥ) भियाः¹ (bhiyā́ḥ¹) भियै² (bhiyaí²) |
भीभ्याम् (bhībhyā́m) | भीभ्यः (bhībhyáḥ) |
| genitive | भियः (bhiyáḥ) भियाः¹ (bhiyā́ḥ¹) भियै² (bhiyaí²) |
भियोः (bhiyóḥ) | भियाम् (bhiyā́m) भीनाम्¹ (bhīnā́m¹) |
| locative | भियि (bhiyí) भियाम्¹ (bhiyā́m¹) |
भियोः (bhiyóḥ) | भीषु (bhīṣú) |
| vocative | भीः (bhī́ḥ) | भियौ (bhíyau) | भियः (bhíyaḥ) |
- ¹Later Sanskrit
- ²Brāhmaṇas
References
- Monier Williams (1899) “भी”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 758, column 1.
- William Dwight Whitney (1885) The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, pages 111-112