भू

See also: म, भ, भृ, भा, and भी

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit भू (bhū).

Pronunciation

(Delhi) IPA^(key): /bʱuː/

Noun

भू • (bhū) f

the Earth
Synonyms: पृथ्वी (pŕthvī), धरती (dhartī)
land, earth
Synonyms: भूमि (bhūmi), ज़मीन (zamīn)

Declension

Declension of भू (fem ū-stem)
	singular	plural
direct	भू bhū	भुएँ bhuẽ
oblique	भू bhū	भुओं bhuõ
vocative	भू bhū	भुओ bhuo

Derived terms

भूकंप (bhūkamp)
भूखंड (bhūkhaṇḍ)
भूगर्भ (bhūgarbh)
भूगोल (bhūgol)
भूचक्र (bhūcakra)
भूदान (bhūdān)
भूपति (bhūpti)
भूपुत्र (bhūputra)
भूमंडल (bhūmaṇḍal)
भूविज्ञान (bhūvijñān)

Marathi

Etymology

From Old Marathi 𑘥𑘴 (bhū), from Sanskrit भू (bhū).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /bʱu/, [bʱuː]
Audio: (file)

Noun

भू • (bhū) f

the earth

Declension

Declension of भू (fem ū-stem)
direct singular	भू bhū
direct plural	भवा bhvā
	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन
nominative प्रथमा	भू bhū	भवा bhvā
oblique सामान्यरूप	भू bhū	भवां- bhvān-
acc. / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी	भूला bhūlā	भवांना bhvānnā
ergative	भूने, भूनं bhūne, bhūna	भवांनी bhvānnī
instrumental	भूशी bhūśī	भवांशी bhvānśī
locative सप्तमी	भूत bhūt	भवांत bhvāt
vocative संबोधन	भू bhū	भवांनो bhvānno
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition.

Genitive declension of भू (fem ū-stem)
	masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म		feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म		neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म		oblique सामान्यरूप
	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular^* एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	oblique सामान्यरूप
singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता	भूचा bhūċā	भूचे bhūċe	भूची bhūcī	भूच्या bhūcā	भूचे, भूचं bhūċe, bhūċa	भूची bhūcī	भूच्या bhūcā
plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता	भवांचा bhvānċā	भवांचे bhvānċe	भवांची bhvāñcī	भवांच्या bhvāncā	भवांचे, भवांचं bhvānċe, bhvānċa	भवांची bhvāñcī	भवांच्या bhvāñcā
^* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition.

Derived terms

भूमिती (bhūmitī)

References

Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “भू”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “भू”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
Shridhar Ganesh Vaze (1911) “भू”, in The Aryabhusan School Dictionary, Poona: Arya-Bhushan Press
Shankar Gopal Tulpule, Anne Feldhaus (1999) “भू”, in A Dictionary of Old Marathi, Mumbai: Popular Prakashan

Old Marathi

Noun

भू (bhū) f

Devanagari form of 𑘥𑘴 (bhū)

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

bhū (Latin script)
𑀪𑀽 (Brahmi script)
ভূ (Bengali script)
භූ (Sinhalese script)
ဘူ or ꧤူ (Burmese script)
ภู (Thai script)
ᨽᩪ (Tai Tham script)
ຠູ (Lao script)
ភូ (Khmer script)
𑄞𑄫 (Chakma script)

Noun

भू f

Devanagari script form of bhū (“the earth”)

Declension

Declension table of "भू" (feminine)

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	भू (bhū)	भुयो (bhuyo) or भू (bhū)
Accusative (second)	भुं (bhuṃ)	भुयो (bhuyo) or भू (bhū)
Instrumental (third)	भुया (bhuyā)	भूहि (bhūhi) or भूभि (bhūbhi)
Dative (fourth)	भुया (bhuyā)	भूनं (bhūnaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)	भुया (bhuyā)	भूहि (bhūhi) or भूभि (bhūbhi)
Genitive (sixth)	भुया (bhuyā)	भूनं (bhūnaṃ)
Locative (seventh)	भुया (bhuyā) or भुयं (bhuyaṃ) or भुवि (bhuvi)	भूसु (bhūsu)
Vocative (calling)	भु (bhu)	भुयो (bhuyo) or भू (bhū)

Noun

भू f

Devanagari script form of bhū (“eyebrow”)

Declension

Declension table of "भू" (feminine)

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	भू (bhū)	भुयो (bhuyo) or भू (bhū)
Accusative (second)	भुं (bhuṃ)	भुयो (bhuyo) or भू (bhū)
Instrumental (third)	भुया (bhuyā)	भूहि (bhūhi) or भूभि (bhūbhi)
Dative (fourth)	भुया (bhuyā)	भूनं (bhūnaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)	भुया (bhuyā)	भूहि (bhūhi) or भूभि (bhūbhi)
Genitive (sixth)	भुया (bhuyā)	भूनं (bhūnaṃ)
Locative (seventh)	भुया (bhuyā) or भुयं (bhuyaṃ)	भूसु (bhūsu)
Vocative (calling)	भु (bhu)	भुयो (bhuyo) or भू (bhū)

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

ভূ (Assamese script)
ᬪᬹ (Balinese script)
ভূ (Bengali script)
𑰥𑰳 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀪𑀽 (Brahmi script)
ဘူ (Burmese script)
ભૂ (Gujarati script)
ਭੂ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌭𑍂 (Grantha script)
ꦨꦹ (Javanese script)
𑂦𑂴 (Kaithi script)
ಭೂ (Kannada script)
ភូ (Khmer script)
ຠູ (Lao script)
ഭൂ (Malayalam script)
ᢨᡠᡠ (Manchu script)
𑘥𑘴 (Modi script)
ᠪᠾᠤᠤ (Mongolian script)
𑧅𑧕 (Nandinagari script)
𑐨𑐹 (Newa script)
ଭୂ (Odia script)
ꢩꢹ (Saurashtra script)
𑆨𑆷 (Sharada script)
𑖥𑖳 (Siddham script)
භූ (Sinhalese script)
𑩳𑩒𑩛 (Soyombo script)
𑚡𑚱 (Takri script)
பூ⁴ (Tamil script)
భూ (Telugu script)
ภู (Thai script)
བྷཱུ (Tibetan script)
𑒦𑒴 (Tirhuta script)
𑨡𑨃𑨊 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH- (“to appear, become, be, grow, rise up”). Cognates include Ancient Greek φύω (phúō), Avestan 𐬠𐬎 (bu), Latin fui, fīō, Proto-Germanic *buskaz, *beuną, and Old English beon (whence English be).

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /bʱúː/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /bʱuː/

Root

भू • (bhū)

to be, become

Alternative forms

भव् (bhav)

Derived terms

Sanskrit terms belonging to the root भू (0 c, 22 e)

Terms derived from the Sanskrit root भू (15 c, 0 e)

Primary Verbal Forms

भवति (bhávati) (Present)
भविष्यति (bhaviṣyáti) (Future)
भविता (bhavitā́) (Periphrastic Future)
अभूत् (ábhūt) (Aorist)
अभुवत् (ábhuvat) (Aorist)
भूयात् (bhūyā́t) (Benedictive)
बभूव (babhū́va) (Perfect)

Secondary Forms

भूयते (bhūyáte) (Passive)
अभावि (ábhāvi) (Passive Aorist)
भावयति (bhāváyati) (Causative)
अबूभुवत् (ábūbhuvat) (Causative Aorist)
भाव्यते (bhāvyate) (Passive of Causative)
बुभूषति (búbhūṣati) (Desiderative)
बिभावयिषति (bibhāvayiṣati) (Desiderative of Causative)
बोभवीति (bóbhavīti) (Intensive)
बोभवति (bobhavati) (Intensive)
बोभोति (bobhoti) (Intensive)

Non-Finite Forms

भूत (bhūtá) (Past Participle)
भवितुम् (bhávitum) (Infinitive)
भवितोस् (bhávitos) (Infinitive)
भूत्वा (bhūtvā́) (Gerund)
भूत्वी (bhūtvī́) (Gerund)
भव्य (bhávya) (Gerundive)
भवितव्य (bhavitavyà) (Gerundive)
भाव्य (bhāvyá) (Causative Gerundive)
भावनीय (bhāvanīya) (Causative Gerundive)
भावयितव्य (bhāvayitavya) (Causative Gerundive)
बुभूषु (bubhūṣu) (Desiderative Participle)
बुभूषितव्य (bubhūṣitavya) (Desiderative Gerundive)

Derived Nominal Forms

बुभूषा (bubhūṣā)
भव (bhava)
भवितृ (bhavitṛ)
भवित्र (bhavítra)
भविष्णु (bhaviṣṇú)
भविष्य (bhaviṣya, “future”)
भाव (bhāva)
भावन (bhāvana)
भावयु (bhāvayú)
भावुक (bhā́vuka)
भुव (bhúva)
भुवन (bhúvana, “a being, living creature, mankind”)
भू (bhū́)
भूति (bhūti)
भूमन् (bhū́man, “earth, world, territory; country”)
भूमि (bhū́mi, “situation, place, earth, ground, base, extent; country”)
भूरि (bhū́ri, “many; frequent”)

Prefixed Root Forms

अनुभू (anubhū)
अन्तर्भू (antarbhū)
अभिभू (abhibhū)
अपिभू (apibhū)
आभू (ābhū)
उद्भू (udbhū)
पराभू (parābhū)
परिभू (paribhū)
प्रतिभू (pratibhū)
प्रभू (prabhū)
विभू (vibhū)
सम्भू (sambhū)

Descendants

Terms derived from the Sanskrit root भू (15 c, 0 e)

Noun

भू • (bhū́) stem, f

the act of becoming or arising
the place of being, space, world or universe
the earth (as constituting one of the 3 worlds)
(figuratively) one (number)
earth (as a substance), ground, soil, land, landed property
floor, pavement
a place, spot, piece of ground
the base of any geometric figure
object, matter
a sacrificial fire

Declension

Feminine ū-stem declension of भू
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	भूः (bhū́ḥ)	भुवौ (bhúvau)	भुवः (bhúvaḥ)
accusative	भुवम् (bhúvam)	भुवौ (bhúvau)	भुवः (bhúvaḥ)
instrumental	भुवा (bhuvā́)	भूभ्याम् (bhūbhyā́m)	भूभिः (bhūbhíḥ)
dative	भुवे (bhuvé) भुवै¹ (bhuvaí¹)	भूभ्याम् (bhūbhyā́m)	भूभ्यः (bhūbhyáḥ)
ablative	भुवः (bhuváḥ) भुवाः¹ (bhuvā́ḥ¹) भुवै² (bhuvaí²)	भूभ्याम् (bhūbhyā́m)	भूभ्यः (bhūbhyáḥ)
genitive	भुवः (bhuváḥ) भुवाः¹ (bhuvā́ḥ¹) भुवै² (bhuvaí²)	भुवोः (bhuvóḥ)	भुवाम् (bhuvā́m) भूनाम्¹ (bhūnā́m¹)
locative	भुवि (bhuví) भुवाम्¹ (bhuvā́m¹)	भुवोः (bhuvóḥ)	भूषु (bhūṣú)
vocative	भूः (bhū́ḥ)	भुवौ (bhúvau)	भुवः (bhúvaḥ)

¹Later Sanskrit
²Brāhmaṇas

Derived terms

भूकम्प (bhūkampa, “an earthquake”)
भूकर्ण (bhūkarṇa, “the diameter of the earth”)
भूगोल (bhūgola, “'earth-ball' - the terrestrial globe”)
भूधर (bhūdhara, “'earth-bearing' - dwelling in the earth, a mountain”)
भूप (bhūpa, “earth-protector - a king, prince”)
भूपति (bhūpati, “a king, monarch”)
भूपाल (bhūpāla, “earth-protector - a king, prince”)
भूपालन (bhūpālana, “sovereignty, dominion”)
भूलता (bhūlatā, “an earthworm”)
भूलोक (bhūloka, “the terrestrial earth”)

Descendants

Pali: bhū
→ Hindi: भू (bhū)

References

Monier Williams (1899) “भू”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 760.
William Dwight Whitney (1885) The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 113

Otto Böhtlingk, Richard Schmidt (1879-1928) “भू”, in Walter Slaje, Jürgen Hanneder, Paul Molitor, Jörg Ritter, editors, Nachtragswörterbuch des Sanskrit [Dictionary of Sanskrit with supplements] (in German), Halle-Wittenberg: Martin-Luther-Universität, published 2016
Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 255-257; 267