राज्

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *Hrā́ṭṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hrā́ćš, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃rḗḱs (king). Cognate with Latin rēx (king), Welsh rhi (king).

Noun

राज् • (rā́j) stemm

  1. (Rigvedic) a king, sovereign, chief, lord
    • c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 6.12.1:
      मध्ये॒ होता॑ दुरो॒णे ब॒र्हिषो॒ राळ् अ॒ग्निस् तो॒दस्य॒ रोद॑सी॒ यज॑ध्यै।
      अ॒यं स सू॒नुः सह॑स ऋ॒तावा॑ दू॒रात् सूर्यो॒ न शो॒चिषा॑ ततान॥
      mádhye hótā duroṇé barhíṣo rā́ḷ agnís todásya ródasī yájadhyai.
      ayáṃ sá sūnúḥ sáhasa ṛtā́vā dūrā́t sū́ryo ná śocíṣā tatāna.
      May Agni, the king of trimmed grass, Herald within the Impeller's dwelling, offer worship to heaven and earth.
      He, Son of Strength, the Holy, from a distance hath spread himself abroad with light like the sun.
Declension
Masculine root-stem declension of राज्
singular dual plural
nominative राट् (rā́ṭ) राजौ (rā́jau)
राजा¹ (rā́jā¹)
राजः (rā́jaḥ)
accusative राजम् (rā́jam) राजौ (rā́jau)
राजा¹ (rā́jā¹)
राजः (rā́jaḥ)
instrumental राजा (rājā́) राड्भ्याम् (rāḍbhyā́m) राड्भिः (rāḍbhíḥ)
dative राजे (rājé) राड्भ्याम् (rāḍbhyā́m) राड्भ्यः (rāḍbhyáḥ)
ablative राजः (rājáḥ) राड्भ्याम् (rāḍbhyā́m) राड्भ्यः (rāḍbhyáḥ)
genitive राजः (rājáḥ) राजोः (rājóḥ) राजाम् (rājā́m)
locative राजि (rājí) राजोः (rājóḥ) राट्सु (rāṭsú)
vocative राट् (rā́ṭ) राजौ (rā́jau)
राजा¹ (rā́jā¹)
राजः (rā́jaḥ)
  • ¹Vedic

Etymology 2

    From Proto-Indo-European *h₃reǵ-.

    Root

    राज् • (rāj)

    1. to rule, to reign
    2. to direct, to govern
    3. to be a king; to be kingly or regal
    Derived terms
    Sanskrit terms belonging to the root राज् (0 c, 3 e)
    Terms derived from the Sanskrit root राज् (9 c, 0 e)
    Primary Verbal Forms
    Non-Finite Forms
    • राजसे (rājáse) (Infinitive)
    Derived Nominal Forms

    References

    • Monier Williams (1899) “राज्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, [], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 872/3.
    • Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎[1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 444-6