श्येन
Hindi
Etymology
Pronunciation
- (Delhi) IPA(key): /ʃjeːn/, [ʃjẽːn]
Noun
श्येन • (śyen) m
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| direct | श्येन śyen |
श्येन śyen |
| oblique | श्येन śyen |
श्येनों śyenõ |
| vocative | श्येन śyen |
श्येनो śyeno |
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- শ্যেন (Assamese script)
- ᬰ᭄ᬬᬾᬦ (Balinese script)
- শ্যেন (Bengali script)
- 𑰫𑰿𑰧𑰸𑰡 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀰𑁆𑀬𑁂𑀦 (Brahmi script)
- ၐျေန (Burmese script)
- શ્યેન (Gujarati script)
- ਸ਼੍ਯੇਨ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌶𑍍𑌯𑍇𑌨 (Grantha script)
- ꦯꦾꦺꦤ (Javanese script)
- 𑂬𑂹𑂨𑂵𑂢 (Kaithi script)
- ಶ್ಯೇನ (Kannada script)
- ឝ្យេន (Khmer script)
- ຨ຺ເຍນ (Lao script)
- ശ്യേന (Malayalam script)
- ᡧᠶᡝᠨᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘫𑘿𑘧𑘹𑘡 (Modi script)
- ᠱᠶ᠋ᠧᠨᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧋𑧠𑧇𑧚𑧁 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐱𑑂𑐫𑐾𑐣 (Newa script)
- ଶ୍ଯେନ (Odia script)
- ꢯ꣄ꢫꢾꢥ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆯𑇀𑆪𑆼𑆤 (Sharada script)
- 𑖫𑖿𑖧𑖸𑖡 (Siddham script)
- ශ්යෙන (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩿 𑪙𑩻𑩔𑩯 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚧𑚶𑚣𑚲𑚝 (Takri script)
- ஶ்யேந (Tamil script)
- శ్యేన (Telugu script)
- ศฺเยน (Thai script)
- ཤྱེ་ན (Tibetan script)
- 𑒬𑓂𑒨𑒹𑒢 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨮𑩇𑨪𑨄𑨝 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćyaynás, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱy-ey-nó-s ~ *ḱyeh₁-inó-s (“bird of prey”), probably ultimately related to *(s)ḱeh₃- (“shade, hue”).[1] Cognate with Avestan 𐬯𐬀𐬉𐬥𐬀 (saēna, “raptor; a mythical bird”), Middle Persian syn-mwlw (/Sēn-murw/), Old Armenian ցին (cʻin, “kite”) and probably Ancient Greek ἴκτινος (íktinos, “kite”).
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /ɕjɐj.nɐ́/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /ɕjeː.n̪ɐ/
Noun
श्येन • (śyená) stem, m
- a hawk, falcon or eagle
- c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 8.20.10:
- वृ॒ष॒ण॒श्वेन॑ मरुतो॒ वृष॑प्सुना॒ रथे॑न॒ वृष॑नाभिना।
आ श्ये॒नासो॒ न प॒क्षिणो॒ वृथा॑ नरो ह॒व्या नो॑ वी॒तये॑ गत॥- vṛṣaṇaśvéna maruto vṛ́ṣapsunā ráthena vṛ́ṣanābhinā.
ā́ śyenā́so ná pakṣíṇo vṛ́thā naro havyā́ no vītáye gata. - Come hither, O ye Maruts, on your strong horsed car, solid in look, with solid naves.
Lightly like winged falcons, O ye Heroes, come, come to enjoy our offerings.
- vṛṣaṇaśvéna maruto vṛ́ṣapsunā ráthena vṛ́ṣanābhinā.
- वृ॒ष॒ण॒श्वेन॑ मरुतो॒ वृष॑प्सुना॒ रथे॑न॒ वृष॑नाभिना।
- (Vedic religion) The name of a divine hawk identified with अग्नि (agni) who ascends to the heavens for bringing सोम (soma) to earth
- (Vedic religion) A hawk-shaped fire-altar (अग्निचयन (agnicayana)) constructed with bricks
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | श्येनः (śyenáḥ) | श्येनौ (śyenaú) श्येना¹ (śyenā́¹) |
श्येनाः (śyenā́ḥ) श्येनासः¹ (śyenā́saḥ¹) |
| accusative | श्येनम् (śyenám) | श्येनौ (śyenaú) श्येना¹ (śyenā́¹) |
श्येनान् (śyenā́n) |
| instrumental | श्येनेन (śyenéna) | श्येनाभ्याम् (śyenā́bhyām) | श्येनैः (śyenaíḥ) श्येनेभिः¹ (śyenébhiḥ¹) |
| dative | श्येनाय (śyenā́ya) | श्येनाभ्याम् (śyenā́bhyām) | श्येनेभ्यः (śyenébhyaḥ) |
| ablative | श्येनात् (śyenā́t) | श्येनाभ्याम् (śyenā́bhyām) | श्येनेभ्यः (śyenébhyaḥ) |
| genitive | श्येनस्य (śyenásya) | श्येनयोः (śyenáyoḥ) | श्येनानाम् (śyenā́nām) |
| locative | श्येने (śyené) | श्येनयोः (śyenáyoḥ) | श्येनेषु (śyenéṣu) |
| vocative | श्येन (śyéna) | श्येनौ (śyénau) श्येना¹ (śyénā¹) |
श्येनाः (śyénāḥ) श्येनासः¹ (śyénāsaḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Descendants
- Ardhamagadhi Prakrit:
- Assamese: শেন (xen)
- Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀲𑁂𑀡 (seṇa)
- Pali: sena
- → Telugu: శ్యేనము (śyēnamu)
References
- ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) “śyená-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume II, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 662