साधना

See also: साधन and सोध्नु

Hindi

Pronunciation

  • (Delhi) IPA(key): /sɑːd̪ʱ.nɑː/, [säːd̪ʱ.näː]

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Hindi साधना (sādhanā), from Sanskrit साध्नोति (sādhnoti, “to accomplish”).

Verb

साधना • (sādhnā) (transitive, Urdu spelling سَادْھنَا)

  1. to accomplish, acquire knowledge of
  2. to practice, attempt
  3. to aim at; shoot at
    उसने अपनी बंदूक़ जानवर पे साधी।
    usne apnī bandūq jānvar pe sādhī.
    He aimed his gun at the animal.
    निशाना साधना ― niśānā sādhnā ― to aim at the target
Conjugation
Impersonal forms of
Undeclined
Stem साध
sādh
Infinitive साधना
sādhnā
Oblique Infinitive साधने
sādhne
Conjunctive साधकर, साधके
sādhkar, sādhke
Progressive साधते-साधते
sādhte-sādhte
Participles
dir m s m p
obl m s 		f s f p
Infinitive साधना
sādhnā 		साधने
sādhne 		साधनी
sādhnī 		साधनीं
sādhnī̃
Habitual साधता
sādhtā 		साधते
sādhte 		साधती
sādhtī 		साधतीं
sādhtī̃
Perfective साधा
sādhā 		साधे
sādhe 		साधी
sādhī 		साधीं
sādhī̃
Prospective
Agentive 		साधनेवाला
sādhnevālā 		साधनेवाले
sādhnevāle 		साधनेवाली
sādhnevālī 		साधनेवालीं
sādhnevālī̃
Adjectival Perfective साधा हुआ
sādhā huā 		साधे हुए
sādhe hue 		साधी हुई
sādhī huī 		साधी हुईं
sādhī huī̃
Habitual साधता हुआ
sādhtā huā 		साधते हुए
sādhte hue 		साधती हुई
sādhtī huī 		साधती हुईं
sādhtī huī̃
Personal forms of
Non-Aspectual
Singular Plural
1st
मैं 		2nd
तू 		3rd
यह/वह, ये/वो 		2nd
तुम 		1st
हम 		3rd, 2nd
ये/वो/वे, आप
Indicative PERF m साधा
sādhā 		साधे
sādhe
f साधी
sādhī 		साधीं
sādhī̃
FUT m साधूँगा
sādhūṅgā 		साधेगा
sādhegā 		साधोगे
sādhoge 		साधेंगे
sādheṅge
f साधूँगी
sādhūṅgī 		साधेगी
sādhegī 		साधोगी
sādhogī 		साधेंगी
sādheṅgī
Subjunctive FUT m
f 		साधूँ
sādhū̃ 		साधे
sādhe 		साधो
sādho 		साधें
sādhẽ
Contrafactual PST m साधता
sādhtā 		साधते
sādhte
f साधती
sādhtī 		साधतीं
sādhtī̃
Imperative PRS m
f 		साध
sādh 		साधो
sādho 		साधिये1
sādhiye1
FUT m
f 		साधियो
sādhiyo 		साधना
sādhnā 		साधियेगा1
sādhiyegā1
Habitual Aspect
Indicative PRS m साधता हूँ
sādhtā hū̃ 		साधता है
sādhtā hai 		साधते हो
sādhte ho 		साधते हैं
sādhte ha͠i
f साधती हूँ
sādhtī hū̃ 		साधती है
sādhtī hai 		साधती हो
sādhtī ho 		साधती हैं
sādhtī ha͠i
PST m साधता था
sādhtā thā 		साधते थे
sādhte the
f साधती थी
sādhtī thī 		साधती थीं
sādhtī thī̃
Presumptive PRS
PST 		m साधता हूँगा
sādhtā hūṅgā 		साधता होगा
sādhtā hogā 		साधते होगे
sādhte hoge 		साधते होंगे
sādhte hoṅge
f साधती हूँगी
sādhtī hūṅgī 		साधती होगी
sādhtī hogī 		साधती होगी
sādhtī hogī 		साधती होंगी
sādhtī hoṅgī
Subjunctive PRS m साधता हूँ
sādhtā hū̃ 		साधता हो
sādhtā ho 		साधते हो
sādhte ho 		साधते हों
sādhte hõ
f साधती हूँ
sādhtī hū̃ 		साधती हो
sādhtī ho 		साधती हो
sādhtī ho 		साधती हों
sādhtī hõ
Contrafactual PST m साधता होता
sādhtā hotā 		साधते होते
sādhte hote
f साधती होती
sādhtī hotī 		साधती होतीं
sādhtī hotī̃
Perfective Aspect
Singular Plural
1st
मैं 		2nd
तू 		3rd
यह/वह, ये/वो 		2nd
तुम 		1st
हम 		3rd, 2nd
ये/वो/वे, आप
Indicative PRS m साधा हूँ
sādhā hū̃ 		साधा है
sādhā hai 		साधे हो
sādhe ho 		साधे हैं
sādhe ha͠i
f साधी हूँ
sādhī hū̃ 		साधी है
sādhī hai 		साधी हो
sādhī ho 		साधी हैं
sādhī ha͠i
PST m साधा था
sādhā thā 		साधे थे
sādhe the
f साधी थी
sādhī thī 		साधी थीं
sādhī thī̃
FUT m साधा हूँगा
sādhā hūṅgā 		साधा होगा
sādhā hogā 		साधे होगे
sādhe hoge 		साधे होंगे
sādhe hoṅge
f साधी हूँगी
sādhī hūṅgī 		साधी होगी
sādhī hogī 		साधी होगी
sādhī hogī 		साधी होंगी
sādhī hoṅgī
Presumptive PRS
PST 		m साधा हूँगा
sādhā hūṅgā 		साधा होगा
sādhā hogā 		साधे होगे
sādhe hoge 		साधे होंगे
sādhe hoṅge
f साधी हूँगी
sādhī hūṅgī 		साधी होगी
sādhī hogī 		साधी होगी
sādhī hogī 		साधी होंगी
sādhī hoṅgī
Subjunctive PRS m साधा हूँ
sādhā hū̃ 		साधा हो
sādhā ho 		साधे हो
sādhe ho 		साधे हों
sādhe hõ
f साधी हूँ
sādhī hū̃ 		साधी हो
sādhī ho 		साधी हो
sādhī ho 		साधी हों
sādhī hõ
FUT m साधा होऊँ
sādhā hoū̃ 		साधा होए
sādhā hoe 		साधे होओ
sādhe hoo 		साधे होएँ
sādhe hoẽ
f साधी होऊँ
sādhī hoū̃ 		साधी होए
sādhī hoe 		साधी होओ
sādhī hoo 		साधी होएँ
sādhī hoẽ
Contrafactual PST m साधा होता
sādhā hotā 		साधे होते
sādhe hote
f साधी होती
sādhī hotī 		साधी होतीं
sādhī hotī̃
Progressive Aspect
Indicative PRS m साध रहा हूँ
sādh rahā hū̃ 		साध रहा है
sādh rahā hai 		साध रहे हो
sādh rahe ho 		साध रहे हैं
sādh rahe ha͠i
f साध रही हूँ
sādh rahī hū̃ 		साध रही है
sādh rahī hai 		साध रही हो
sādh rahī ho 		साध रही हैं
sādh rahī ha͠i
PST m साध रहा था
sādh rahā thā 		साध रहे थे
sādh rahe the
f साध रही थी
sādh rahī thī 		साध रही थीं
sādh rahī thī̃
FUT m साध रहा हूँगा
sādh rahā hūṅgā 		साध रहा होगा
sādh rahā hogā 		साध रहे होगे
sādh rahe hoge 		साध रहे होंगे
sādh rahe hoṅge
f साध रही हूँगी
sādh rahī hūṅgī 		साध रही होगी
sādh rahī hogī 		साध रही होगी
sādh rahī hogī 		साध रही होंगी
sādh rahī hoṅgī
Presumptive PRS
PST
FUT 		m साध रहा हूँगा
sādh rahā hūṅgā 		साध रहा होगा
sādh rahā hogā 		साध रहे होगे
sādh rahe hoge 		साध रहे होंगे
sādh rahe hoṅge
f साध रही हूँगी
sādh rahī hūṅgī 		साध रही होगी
sādh rahī hogī 		साध रही होगी
sādh rahī hogī 		साध रही होंगी
sādh rahī hoṅgī
Subjunctive PRS m साध रहा हूँ
sādh rahā hū̃ 		साध रहा हो
sādh rahā ho 		साध रहे हो
sādh rahe ho 		साध रहे हों
sādh rahe hõ
f साध रही हूँ
sādh rahī hū̃ 		साध रही हो
sādh rahī ho 		साध रही हो
sādh rahī ho 		साध रही हों
sādh rahī hõ
FUT m साध रहा होऊँ
sādh rahā hoū̃ 		साध रहा होए
sādh rahā hoe 		साध रहे होओ
sādh rahe hoo 		साध रहे होएँ
sādh rahe hoẽ
f साध रही होऊँ
sādh rahī hoū̃ 		साध रही होए
sādh rahī hoe 		साध रही होओ
sādh rahī hoo 		साध रही होएँ
sādh rahī hoẽ
Contrafactual PST m साध रहा होता
sādh rahā hotā 		साध रहे होते
sādh rahe hote
f साध रही होती
sādh rahī hotī 		साध रही होतीं
sādh rahī hotī̃
1st
मैं 		2nd
तू 		3rd
यह/वह, ये/वो 		2nd
तुम 		1st
हम 		3rd, 2nd
ये/वो/वे, आप
Singular Plural

1The forms साधिये (sādhiye) and साधियेगा (sādhiyegā) can also be spelled without the y: साधिए (sādhie) and साधिएगा (sādhiegā).

Etymology 2

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit साधना (sādhanā).

Noun

साधना • (sādhnā) f (Urdu spelling سَادْھنَا)

  1. meditation
  2. penance
Declension
Declension of साधना (fem ā-stem)
singular plural
direct साधना
sādhnā 		साधनाएँ
sādhnāẽ
oblique साधना
sādhnā 		साधनाओं
sādhnāõ
vocative साधना
sādhnā 		साधनाओ
sādhnāo

Further reading

Old Hindi

Alternative forms

  • सांधना (sā̃dhanā)

Etymology

Inherited from Sanskrit साध्नोति (sādhnoti). Compare Old Punjabi ਸਾਧਿ (sādhi), Old Marathi 𑘭𑘰𑘠𑘜𑘹 (sādhaṇe).

Verb

साधना (sādhanā)

  1. to fulfil, practice, prove
  2. to plait, braid

Descendants

  • Hindustani: sādhnā
    Hindi: साधना
    Urdu: سَادْھنَا (sādhnā)

Further reading

  • Jaroslav Strnad (2013) Morphology and Syntax of Old Hindī : Edition and Analysis of One Hundred Kabīr Vānī Poems From Rājasthān (Brill's Indological Library; 45), Leiden, →OCLC, page 568
  • Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “sādhnṓti”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 770

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts
  • সাধনা (Assamese script)
  • ᬲᬵᬥᬦᬵ (Balinese script)
  • সাধনা (Bengali script)
  • 𑰭𑰯𑰠𑰡𑰯 (Bhaiksuki script)
  • 𑀲𑀸𑀥𑀦𑀸 (Brahmi script)
  • သာဓနာ (Burmese script)
  • સાધના (Gujarati script)
  • ਸਾਧਨਾ (Gurmukhi script)
  • 𑌸𑌾𑌧𑌨𑌾 (Grantha script)
  • ꦱꦴꦣꦤꦴ (Javanese script)
  • 𑂮𑂰𑂡𑂢𑂰 (Kaithi script)
  • ಸಾಧನಾ (Kannada script)
  • សាធនា (Khmer script)
  • ສາຘນາ (Lao script)
  • സാധനാ (Malayalam script)
  • ᠰᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᢡᠠᠨᠠᢇ (Manchu script)
  • 𑘭𑘰𑘠𑘡𑘰 (Modi script)
  • ᠰᠠᢗᢑᠾᠠᠨᠠ᠋᠎ᠠ (Mongolian script)
  • 𑧍𑧑𑧀𑧁𑧑 (Nandinagari script)
  • 𑐳𑐵𑐢𑐣𑐵 (Newa script)
  • ସାଧନା (Odia script)
  • ꢱꢵꢤꢥꢵ (Saurashtra script)
  • 𑆱𑆳𑆣𑆤𑆳 (Sharada script)
  • 𑖭𑖯𑖠𑖡𑖯 (Siddham script)
  • සාධනා (Sinhalese script)
  • 𑪁𑩛𑩮𑩯𑩛 (Soyombo script)
  • 𑚨𑚭𑚜𑚝𑚭 (Takri script)
  • ஸாத⁴நா (Tamil script)
  • సాధనా (Telugu script)
  • สาธนา (Thai script)
  • སཱ་དྷ་ནཱ (Tibetan script)
  • 𑒮𑒰𑒡𑒢𑒰 (Tirhuta script)
  • 𑨰𑨊𑨜𑨝𑨊 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From the root साध् (sādh) +‎ -अना (-anā).

Pronunciation

Noun

साधना • (sādhanā) stem, f

  1. performance
  2. accomplishment

Declension

Feminine ā-stem declension of साधना
singular dual plural
nominative साधना (sādhanā) साधने (sādhane) साधनाः (sādhanāḥ)
accusative साधनाम् (sādhanām) साधने (sādhane) साधनाः (sādhanāḥ)
instrumental साधनया (sādhanayā)
साधना¹ (sādhanā¹) 		साधनाभ्याम् (sādhanābhyām) साधनाभिः (sādhanābhiḥ)
dative साधनायै (sādhanāyai) साधनाभ्याम् (sādhanābhyām) साधनाभ्यः (sādhanābhyaḥ)
ablative साधनायाः (sādhanāyāḥ)
साधनायै² (sādhanāyai²) 		साधनाभ्याम् (sādhanābhyām) साधनाभ्यः (sādhanābhyaḥ)
genitive साधनायाः (sādhanāyāḥ)
साधनायै² (sādhanāyai²) 		साधनयोः (sādhanayoḥ) साधनानाम् (sādhanānām)
locative साधनायाम् (sādhanāyām) साधनयोः (sādhanayoḥ) साधनासु (sādhanāsu)
vocative साधने (sādhane) साधने (sādhane) साधनाः (sādhanāḥ)
  • ¹Vedic
  • ²Brāhmaṇas

Descendants

References

  • Hellwig, Oliver (2010–2025) “sādhanā”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.
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