冥想
Chinese
| dark; deep | to think; to believe; to suppose to think; to believe; to suppose; to wish; to want; to miss | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| simp. and trad. (冥想) |
冥 | 想 | |
| alternative forms | 瞑想 | ||
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): ming5 soeng2 / ming4 soeng2
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): bêng-sióng / bêng-siáng
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
- Hanyu Pinyin: míngxiǎng
- Zhuyin: ㄇㄧㄥˊ ㄒㄧㄤˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: míngsiǎng
- Wade–Giles: ming2-hsiang3
- Yale: míng-syǎng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mingsheang
- Palladius: минсян (minsjan)
- Sinological IPA (key): /miŋ³⁵ ɕi̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
- Homophones:
[Show/Hide] 冥想
鳴響 / 鸣响
- (Standard Chinese)
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: ming5 soeng2 / ming4 soeng2
- Yale: míhng séung / mìhng séung
- Cantonese Pinyin: ming5 soeng2 / ming4 soeng2
- Guangdong Romanization: ming5 sêng2 / ming4 sêng2
- Sinological IPA (key): /mɪŋ¹³ sœːŋ³⁵/, /mɪŋ²¹ sœːŋ³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bêng-sióng
- Tâi-lô: bîng-sióng
- Phofsit Daibuun: bengsiorng
- IPA (Quanzhou): /biɪŋ²⁴⁻²² siɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /biɪŋ²³⁻³³ siɔŋ⁴¹/
- IPA (Taipei): /biɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ siɔŋ⁵³/
- IPA (Xiamen): /biɪŋ²⁴⁻²² siɔŋ⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bêng-siáng
- Tâi-lô: bîng-siáng
- Phofsit Daibuun: bengsiarng
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /biɪŋ¹³⁻²² siaŋ⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
Verb
冥想
- to be lost in thought; to be in deep thought; to be in a reverie
- to meditate
Synonyms
- (to be lost in thought):
- 冥思 (míngsī)
- 品味 (pǐnwèi)
- 尋味 / 寻味 (xúnwèi)
- 尋思 / 寻思
- 念 (niàn)
- 思 (literary, or in compounds)
- 思想 (sīxiǎng)
- 思慮 / 思虑 (sīlǜ)
- 思索 (sīsuǒ)
- 思維 / 思维 (sīwéi)
- 思考 (sīkǎo)
- 思裁 (si1 cai2) (Sichuanese)
- 思量 (sīliáng)
- 慎思 (shènsī)
- 掂掇 (diānduo) (colloquial)
- 推敲 (tuīqiāo)
- 掂量 (diānliáng)
- 揣摩 (chuǎimó)
- 斟酌 (zhēnzhuó) (figuratively)
- 沉思 (chénsī)
- 深思 (shēnsī)
- 照顧 / 照顾 (zhàogù)
- 玩味 (wánwèi)
- 玩弄 (Classical Chinese)
- 琢磨 (zuómo)
- 算計 / 算计 (suànjì)
- 考慮 / 考虑 (kǎolǜ)
- 苦思 (kǔsī)
- 著想 / 着想 (zhuóxiǎng)
- 計算 / 计算 (jìsuàn)
- 計較 / 计较
- 設想 / 设想 (shèxiǎng)
- 顧全 / 顾全 (gùquán)
- 顧及 / 顾及 (gùjí)
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 冥 | 想 |
| めい Grade: S |
そう Grade: 3 |
| kan'on | goon |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 瞑想 |
Etymology
Coined in the Meiji period.[1]
Pronunciation
Noun
- meditation, contemplation (thinking)
Verb
冥想する • (meisō suru) ←めいさう (meisau)?transitive or intransitive suru (stem 冥想し (meisō shi), past 冥想した (meisō shita))
- to meditate, to contemplate (ruminate)
Conjugation
Conjugation of "冥想する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 冥想し | めいそうし | meisō shi | |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 冥想し | めいそうし | meisō shi | |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 冥想する | めいそうする | meisō suru | |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 冥想する | めいそうする | meisō suru | |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 冥想すれ | めいそうすれ | meisō sure | |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 冥想せよ¹ 冥想しろ² |
めいそうせよ¹ めいそうしろ² |
meisō seyo¹ meisō shiro² | |
| Key constructions | ||||
| Passive | 冥想される | めいそうされる | meisō sareru | |
| Causative | 冥想させる 冥想さす |
めいそうさせる めいそうさす |
meisō saseru meisō sasu | |
| Potential | 冥想できる | めいそうできる | meisō dekiru | |
| Volitional | 冥想しよう | めいそうしよう | meisō shiyō | |
| Negative | 冥想しない | めいそうしない | meisō shinai | |
| Negative continuative | 冥想せず | めいそうせず | meisō sezu | |
| Formal | 冥想します | めいそうします | meisō shimasu | |
| Perfective | 冥想した | めいそうした | meisō shita | |
| Conjunctive | 冥想して | めいそうして | meisō shite | |
| Hypothetical conditional | 冥想すれば | めいそうすれば | meisō sureba | |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative | ||||
See also
- マインドフルネス (maindofurunesu)
References
Korean
| Hanja in this term | |
|---|---|
| 冥 | 想 |
Noun
冥想 • (myeongsang) (hangeul 명상)
- hanja form? of 명상 (“meditation”)
Vietnamese
| chữ Hán Nôm in this term | |
|---|---|
| 冥 | 想 |
Han character
冥想: Hán Nôm readings: minh tưởng
- hanja form? of minh tưởng (“meditation, contemplation”)