斟酌

Chinese

		pour; to deliberate	to pour the alcoholic drink; to consider
trad. (斟酌)		斟	酌
simp. ^#(斟酌)		斟	酌

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zhēnzhuó

(Zhuyin): ㄓㄣㄓㄨㄛˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zam¹ zoek³
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): chṳ̂m-chok

(Hailu, HRS): zhim^ˋ zhog
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): zing¹ zyorh⁶ / zing¹ zyoeh⁶
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chim-chiok / chim-chiak

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zhēnzhuó
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄣㄓㄨㄛˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jhenjhuó
  - Wade–Giles: chên¹-cho²
  - Yale: jēn-jwó
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jenjwo
  - Palladius: чжэньчжо (čžɛnʹčžo)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂən⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂu̯ɔ³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: zam¹ zoek³
  - Yale: jām jeuk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzam¹ dzoek⁸
  - Guangdong Romanization: zem¹ zêg³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɐm⁵⁵ t͡sœːk̚³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chṳ̂m-chok
  - Hakka Romanization System: ziim^ˊ zog^ˋ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: zim¹ zog⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sɨm²⁴ t͡sok̚²/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: zhim^ˋ zhog
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡ʃim⁵³ t͡ʃok⁵/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: zing¹ zyorh⁶ [Phonetic: zing² zyorh⁶]
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: cing-cio̤h
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siŋ⁵³³⁻¹³ t͡syɒʔ²¹/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: zing¹ zyoeh⁶ [Phonetic: zing² nyoeh⁶]
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siŋ⁵⁴⁴⁻²⁴ ^(t͡s-)nyøʔ²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chim-chiok
  - Tâi-lô: tsim-tsiok
  - Phofsit Daibuun: cimciog
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡sim⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siɔk̚³²/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sim⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siɔk̚³²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sim³³ t͡siɔk̚⁵/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chim-chiak
  - Tâi-lô: tsim-tsiak
  - Phofsit Daibuun: cimciag
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sim⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siak̚³²/

Middle Chinese: tsyim tsyak

Rime
Character	斟	酌
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	章 (23)	章 (23)
Final (韻)	侵 (139)	藥 (107)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	職深切	之若切
Baxter	tsyim	tsyak
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕiɪm/	/t͡ɕɨɐk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕim/	/t͡ɕiɐk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕjem/	/t͡ɕiɑk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/cim/	/cɨak̚/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕiəm/	/t͡ɕiak̚/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕĭĕm/	/t͡ɕĭak̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/t͡ɕi̯əm/	/t͡ɕi̯ak̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhēn	zhuo
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zam¹	zoek³

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*t.[q][ə]m tewk/

(Zhengzhang): /*kljum pljewɢ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	斟	酌
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhēn	zhuó
Middle Chinese	‹ tsyim ›	‹ tsyak ›
Old Chinese	/*t.[q][ə]m/	/*tewk/
English	deliberate (v.)	pour; deliberate (v.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	斟	酌
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	11291	11189
Phonetic component	甚	勺
Rime group	侵	藥
Rime subdivision	3	2
Corresponding MC rime	斟	灼
Old Chinese	/*kljum/	/*pljewɢ/
Notes		勺分化字

Verb

斟酌

(literary) to pour an insufficient or excessive amount of alcoholic beverage into a cup or glass
(literary) to pour the alcoholic beverage into a cup or glass, etc.
(literary) to drink alcohol
(figurative) to consider; to deliberate; to think about carefully
值得斟酌 ― zhídé zhēnzhuó ― to be worth thinking about

請您自行斟酌。／请您自行斟酌。 ― Qǐng nín zìxíng zhēnzhuó. ― Please think about this carefully by yourself.
(figurative, Hokkien) to discuss; to talk over
(figurative, Xiamen, Quanzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) to be careful; to take care

Synonyms

(to consider):

edit

冥思 (míngsī)
冥想 (míngxiǎng)
品味 (pǐnwèi)
尋味 / 寻味 (xúnwèi)
尋思 / 寻思
念 (niàn)
思 (literary, or in compounds)
思想 (sīxiǎng)
思慮 / 思虑 (sīlǜ)
思索 (sīsuǒ)
思維 / 思维 (sīwéi)
思考 (sīkǎo)
思裁 (si¹ cai²) (Sichuanese)
思量 (sīliáng)
慎思 (shènsī)
掂掇 (diānduo) (colloquial)
推敲 (tuīqiāo)
掂量 (diānliáng)
揣摩 (chuǎimó)
沉思 (chénsī)
深思 (shēnsī)
照顧 / 照顾 (zhàogù)
玩味 (wánwèi)
玩弄 (Classical Chinese)
琢磨 (zuómo)
算計 / 算计 (suànjì)
考慮 / 考虑 (kǎolǜ)
苦思 (kǔsī)
著想 / 着想 (zhuóxiǎng)
計算 / 计算 (jìsuàn)
計較 / 计较
設想 / 设想 (shèxiǎng)
顧全 / 顾全 (gùquán)
顧及 / 顾及 (gùjí)

Derived terms

斟酌損益 / 斟酌损益

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (斟酌):

→ Japanese: 斟(しん)酌(しゃく) (shinshaku)
→ Korean: 짐작(斟酌) (jimjak)
→ Vietnamese: châm chước (斟酌)

References

“斟酌”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.

Japanese

Kanji in this term
斟	酌
しん Hyōgai	しゃく Grade: S
on'yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) しんしゃく [shíꜜǹshàkù] (Atamadaka – [1])
IPA^(key): [ɕĩɰ̃ɕa̠kɯ̟]

Noun

斟(しん)酌(しゃく) • (shinshaku) ^{←しんしやく (sinsyaku)^?}

consideration (for others), (making) allowance, adaptation

Verb

斟(しん)酌(しゃく)する • (shinshaku suru) ^{←しんしやく (sinsyaku)^?}suru (stem 斟(しん)酌(しゃく)し (shinshaku shi), past 斟(しん)酌(しゃく)した (shinshaku shita))

to consider, to take into account

Korean

Hanja in this term
斟	酌

Noun

斟酌 • (jimjak) (hangeul 짐작)

hanja form^? of 짐작 (“guess; assumption; conjecture”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
斟	酌

Verb

斟酌

chữ Hán form of châm chước (“to accommodate, to reconcile”)