刃

See also: 刄 and 刅
刃 U+5203, 刃
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5203
← 刂
[U+5202] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 刄 →
[U+5204]

刃 U+2F81E, 刃
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F81E
← 凵
[U+2F81D] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement 㓟 →
[U+2F81F]

Translingual

Japanese 刃
Simplified 刃
Traditional 刃

Alternative forms

Note the compositional differences between Traditional, Simplified, and Japanese Shinjitai in the placement of the additional stroke.

Han character

Stroke order

刃 (Kangxi radical 18, 刀+1, 3 strokes, cangjie input 尸竹戈 (SHI), four-corner 17420, composition ⿹刀丿(G) or ⿹刀丶(HTKV) or ⿻刀丶(J))

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 136, character 2
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1850
  • Dae Jaweon: page 304, character 7
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 320, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+5203

Chinese

trad. 刃
simp. # 刃

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 刃
Shang Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Chu slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series () (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
涊 *nɯːnʔ, *njɯnʔ
紉 *nɯn
忍 *njɯnʔ
荵 *njɯnʔ
刃 *njɯns
認 *njɯns, *njɯŋs
仞 *njɯns
軔 *njɯns
韌 *njɯns
肕 *njɯns
牣 *njɯns
杒 *njɯns
訒 *njɯns

Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 刀 (“knife”) + 丶.

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 刃
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 日 (38)
Final (韻) 眞 (43)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 而振切
Baxter nyinH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ȵiɪnH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ȵinH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ȵʑjenH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ȵinH/
Li
Rong 		/ȵiĕnH/
Wang
Li 		/ȵʑĭĕnH/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/ȵʑi̯ĕnH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		rèn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		jan6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 刃
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		rèn
Middle
Chinese 		‹ nyinH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*nə[n]-s/
English edge of a blade

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 刃
Reading # 1/1
No. 10831
Phonetic
component
Rime
group 		文
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese 		/*njɯns/

Definitions

刃

  1. blade; knife edge
  2. sword; knife
  3. (literary) to kill with a sword or knife

Compounds

  • 事刃
  • 五刃
  • 交光飛刃 / 交光飞刃
  • 交刃
  • 亭刃
  • 伏刃
  • 倳刃
  • 兇刃 / 凶刃
  • 兩刃 / 两刃
  • 兩刃矛 / 两刃矛
  • 兵不接刃
  • 兵不污刃
  • 兵不血刃 (bīngbùxuèrèn)
  • 兵刃 (bīngrèn)
  • 兵未血刃
  • 兵無血刃 / 兵无血刃
  • 冒刃
  • 冰刃
  • 刀刃 (dāorèn)
  • 刃兒 / 刃儿
  • 刃具 (rènjù)
  • 刃器
  • 刃角
  • 刃迎縷解 / 刃迎缕解
  • 刃鋩 / 刃铓
  • 刃面
  • 利刃 (lìrèn)
  • 剚刃
  • 創刃 / 创刃
  • 劍刃 / 剑刃
  • 合刃
  • 器刃
  • 堅刃 / 坚刃
  • 堅甲利刃 / 坚甲利刃
  • 嬋娟刃 / 婵娟刃
  • 寸刃
  • 封刃
  • 尺刃
  • 延頸待刃 / 延颈待刃
  • 弦刃
  • 張弓拔刃 / 张弓拔刃
  • 應刃而解 / 应刃而解
  • 戈刃
  • 戢刃
  • 手刃 (shǒurèn)
  • 手無寸刃 / 手无寸刃
  • 投刃皆虛 / 投刃皆虚
  • 推刃
  • 接刃
  • 揚刃 / 扬刃
  • 攢刃 / 攒刃
  • 斂刃 / 敛刃
  • 智刃
  • 曲刃
  • 束刃
  • 枝刃
  • 枕戈剚刃
  • 柔刃
  • 梃刃
  • 植刃
  • 淬刃
  • 游刃
  • 游刃有餘 / 游刃有余 (yóurènyǒuyú)
  • 游刃餘地 / 游刃余地
  • 漏刃
  • 狂刃
  • 瓊刃 / 琼刃
  • 甲刃
  • 略刃
  • 發刃 / 发刃
  • 登鋒履刃 / 登锋履刃
  • 白刃 (báirèn)
  • 白刃戰 / 白刃战 (báirènzhàn)
  • 目牛游刃 (mùniúyóurèn)
  • 相刃
  • 矢刃
  • 砥刃
  • 素刃
  • 臁刃
  • 自刃
  • 芒刃
  • 芙蓉刃
  • 血刃
  • 行刃
  • 袖刃
  • 角刃
  • 誓刃
  • 赴火蹈刃
  • 蹈刃
  • 軍不血刃 / 军不血刃
  • 迎刃
  • 迎刃以解
  • 迎刃冰解
  • 迎刃立解
  • 迎刃而理
  • 迎刃而解 (yíngrèn'érjiě)
  • 遊刃 / 游刃
  • 遊刃有餘 / 游刃有余 (yóurènyǒuyú)
  • 遊刃餘地 / 游刃余地
  • 郢刃
  • 金刃
  • 鉤刃 / 钩刃
  • 鋒刃 / 锋刃 (fēngrèn)
  • 鋩刃 / 铓刃
  • 錐刃 / 锥刃
  • 鐵刃 / 铁刃
  • 開刃 / 开刃 (kāirèn)
  • 陷刃
  • 雪刃
  • 霜刃
  • 順刃 / 顺刃
  • 頓刃 / 顿刃
  • 飛刃 / 飞刃
  • 飲刃 / 饮刃
  • 餘刃 / 余刃
  • 鬱刃 / 郁刃
  • 齊刃 / 齐刃

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (刃):
  • → Japanese: 刃(じん) (jin)
  • → Korean: 인(刃) (in)

References

Japanese

Shinjitai 刃
Kyūjitai
[1]
刃󠄁
刃+&#xE0101;?
(Adobe-Japan1)
刃󠄃
刃+&#xE0103;?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
See here for details.

Kanji

刃

(Jōyō kanji)

Readings

  • Go-on: にん (nin)
  • Kan-on: じん (jin, Jōyō)
  • Kun: は (ha, 刃, Jōyō)、やいば (yaiba, 刃)
  • Nanori: ち (chi)、と (to)

Compounds

  • 刃(にん)傷(じょう) (ninjō)

Alternative forms

Kanji in this term
刃
は
Grade: S
kun'yomi

Etymology 1

/pa/ → /ɸa/ → /ha/

From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *pa.

Cognate with 歯 (ha, “tooth”).[2][3] Possibly also related to 葉 (ha, “leaf”), but the pitch accents do not match. Compare English blade, which also meant “leaf”.

Pronunciation

Noun

刃(は) • (ha) 

  1. any sharp and thin cutting implement: a blade, edge
Derived terms
Idioms
  • 剣(つるぎ)の刃(は)を渡(わた)る (tsurugi no ha o wataru)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
刃
やいば
Grade: S
kun'yomi

/jaki ɸa/ → /jakiba/ → /jaĩba/ → /jaiba/

イ音便(おんびん) (i-onbin) form of 焼き刃 (yakiba), a compound of 焼き (yaki, “burned, fired”) +‎ 刃 (ha, “edge, blade”, see above).[2][3] The ha changes to ba as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

First attested in the Taiheiki of the late 1300s.[2]

Pronunciation

Noun

刃(やいば) • (yaiba) 

  1. a forged blade, such as a sword
  2. the wavy pattern formed in the metal on the surface of a forged blade
  3. a sword or similar edged weapon
  4. something sharp like a sword
  5. someone or something powerful
Derived terms
  • 刃(やいば)の験(げん)者(じゃ) (yaiba no genja)
  • 氷(こおり)の刃(やいば) (kōri no yaiba)
  • 心(こころ)の刃(やいば) (kokoro no yaiba)
  • 邪(じゃ)見(けん)の刃(やいば) (jaken no yaiba)
  • 情(なさ)けに刃(は)向(む)かう刃(やいば)なし (nasake ni hamukau yaiba nashi)
Idioms
  • 笑(しょう)中(ちゅう)に刃(やいば)を研(と)ぐ (shōchū ni yaiba o togu)
  • 刃(やいば)に掛(か)かる (yaiba ni kakaru)
  • 刃(やいば)に血(ち)塗(ぬ)らず (yaiba ni chi nurazu)
  • 刃(やいば)に伏(ふ)す (yaiba ni fusu)
Proverbs
  • 刃(やいば)は切(き)れるが重(ちょう)宝(ほう) (yaiba wa kireru ga chōhō, “for a blade, cutting [sharpness] is precious” → the highest value of a tool is its ability to do what it is designed for)

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
刃
じん
Grade: S
kan'on

From Middle Chinese 刃 (MC nyinH).

Pronunciation

Noun

刃(じん) • (jin) 

  1. a blade, edge
Idioms
  • 刃(じん)に伏(ふ)す (jin ni fusu)
  • 刃(じん)を迎(むか)えて解(と)く (jin o mukaete toku, “to fall before the blade” → a metaphor for extreme strength or power)

Affix

刃(じん) • (jin) 

  1. blade, edge
  2. bladed object (knife, sword, etc.)
  3. kill with a bladed object, put to the sword
Derived terms

References

  1. ^ Haga, Gōtarō (1914) 漢和大辞書 [The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tōkyō: Kōbunsha, →DOI, page 281 (paper), page 190 (digital)
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

刃 (eum 인 (in))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Old Japanese

Etymology

Cognate with 歯 (pa, “tooth”).[1][2] Possibly also related to 葉 (pa, “leaf”). Compare English blade.

Noun

刃 (pa) (kana は)

  1. any sharp and thin cutting implement: a blade, edge

Descendants

  • Japanese: 刃 (ha, yaiba)

References

  1. ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Further reading

Vietnamese

Han character

刃: Hán Nôm readings: nhẫn, nhấn, nhận

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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