壛

壛	U+58DB, 壛 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-58DB

← 壚
[U+58DA]

CJK Unified Ideographs

壜 →
[U+58DC]

Translingual

Han character

壛 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+16, 19 strokes, cangjie input 土日弓難 (GANX), four-corner 4712₀, composition ⿰土閻)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 241, character 30
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5587
Dae Jaweon: page 481, character 24
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 501, character 3
Unihan data for U+58DB

Chinese

trad.		壛
simp.		𰊡

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (臽) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
萏	*l'oːmʔ
窞	*l'oːmʔ
惂	*kʰloːmʔ
輡	*kʰloːmʔ
錎	kʰloːmʔ, ɡroːms
埳	*kʰloːmʔ
臽	kʰloːmʔ, ɡroːms
淊	ɡloːmʔ, qroːm, qroːms, lomʔ
欿	*ɡloːmʔ
蜭	ɡloːmʔ, ɡluːms
啗	l'aːmʔ, l'aːms
鵮	ʔr'oːm, kʰroːm, *kʰroːms
餡	*ɡroːms
陷	*ɡroːms
爓	ljom, loms
諂	*l̥ʰomʔ
讇	*l̥ʰomʔ
閻	*lom
焰	*loms
壛	*lom
櫩	*lom
燄	*lomʔ
掐	*kʰroːb

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yán (yan²)

(Zhuyin): ㄧㄢˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): jim⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yán
  - Zhuyin: ㄧㄢˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yán
  - Wade–Giles: yen²
  - Yale: yán
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yan
  - Palladius: янь (janʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɛn³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: jim⁴
  - Yale: yìhm
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jim⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: yim⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jiːm²¹/

Middle Chinese: yem

Rime
Character	壛
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	以 (36)
Final (韻)	鹽 (153)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	余廉切
Baxter	yem
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/jiᴇm/
Pan Wuyun	/jiɛm/
Shao Rongfen	/jæm/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/jiam/
Li Rong	/iɛm/
Wang Li	/jĭɛm/
Bernhard Karlgren	/i̯ɛm/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yán
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jim⁴

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*Cə.[ɢ]am/

(Zhengzhang): /*lom/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	壛
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yán
Middle Chinese	‹ yem ›
Old Chinese	/*Cə.[ɢ]am/
English	eaves
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	壛
Reading #	1/1
No.	13567
Phonetic component	臽
Rime group	談
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	鹽
Old Chinese	/*lom/

Definitions

壛

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Japanese

Kanji

壛

(Hyōgai kanji)

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Readings

(Can we verify⁽⁺⁾ this pronunciation?)

Go-on: えん (en)^{←えん (en, historical)}^{←えむ (emu, ancient)}
Kan-on: えん (en)^{←えん (en, historical)}^{←えむ (emu, ancient)}