存命

Chinese

		exist; deposit; store exist; deposit; store; keep; survive	life; fate
simp. and trad. (存命)		存	命

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): cúnmìng

(Zhuyin): ㄘㄨㄣˊ ㄇㄧㄥˋ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: cúnmìng
  - Zhuyin: ㄘㄨㄣˊ ㄇㄧㄥˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: cúnmìng
  - Wade–Giles: tsʻun²-ming⁴
  - Yale: tswún-mìng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tswenminq
  - Palladius: цуньмин (cunʹmin)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰu̯ən³⁵ miŋ⁵¹/

Middle Chinese: dzwon mjaengH

Rime
Character	存	命
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	從 (15)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	魂 (55)	庚 (111)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Open
Division (等)	I	III
Fanqie	徂尊切	眉病切
Baxter	dzwon	mjaengH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/d͡zuən/	/mˠiæŋ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/d͡zuon/	/mᵚiaŋ^H/
Shao Rongfen	/d͡zuən/	/miaŋ^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/d͡zwən/	/miajŋ^H/
Li Rong	/d͡zuən/	/miɐŋ^H/
Wang Li	/d͡zuən/	/mĭɐŋ^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/d͡zʱuən/	/mi̯ɐŋ^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	cún	mìng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	cyun⁴	ming⁶

Verb

存命

(literary) to save one's life; to survive
- 氓黎飢餒，採掇存命，聖上哀矜，已垂存拯。 [Literary Chinese, trad.]
  氓黎饥馁，采掇存命，圣上哀矜，已垂存拯。 [Literary Chinese, simp.]
  From: Shen Yue, Book of Song, 492-493 CE
  Mánglí jīněi, cǎiduō cúnmìng, shèngshàng āijīn, yǐ chuí cúnzhěng. [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- 但恐不能存命，因此負罪交鋒，誤犯虎威。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, trad.]
  但恐不能存命，因此负罪交锋，误犯虎威。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, simp.]
  From: Shi Nai'an, Water Margin, circa 14^th century CE
  Dàn kǒng bùnéng cúnmìng, yīncǐ fùzuì jiāofēng, wùfàn hǔwēi. [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chhûn-miā

Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhûn-miā
  - Tâi-lô: tshûn-miā
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zhunmia
  - IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰun²⁴⁻²² miã²²/

Verb

存命

(Xiamen Hokkien) to risk one's life

Synonyms

拼死 (pīnsǐ)
(literary) 冒死 (màosǐ)
(Hokkien) 拚生死, 存死, 丕死, 佩死

Japanese

Kanji in this term
存	命
ぞん Grade: 6	めい Grade: 3
on'yomi

Noun

存(ぞん)命(めい) • (zonmei)

being alive

Verb

存(ぞん)命(めい)する • (zonmei suru) suru (stem 存(ぞん)命(めい)し (zonmei shi), past 存(ぞん)命(めい)した (zonmei shita))

be alive

Conjugation

Conjugation of "存命する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	存命し	ぞんめいし	zonmei shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	存命し	ぞんめいし	zonmei shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	存命する	ぞんめいする	zonmei suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	存命する	ぞんめいする	zonmei suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	存命すれ	ぞんめいすれ	zonmei sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	存命せよ¹ 存命しろ²	ぞんめいせよ¹ ぞんめいしろ²	zonmei seyo¹ zonmei shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	存命される	ぞんめいされる	zonmei sareru
Causative	存命させる存命さす	ぞんめいさせるぞんめいさす	zonmei saseru zonmei sasu
Potential	存命できる	ぞんめいできる	zonmei dekiru
Volitional	存命しよう	ぞんめいしよう	zonmei shiyō
Negative	存命しない	ぞんめいしない	zonmei shinai
Negative continuative	存命せず	ぞんめいせず	zonmei sezu
Formal	存命します	ぞんめいします	zonmei shimasu
Perfective	存命した	ぞんめいした	zonmei shita
Conjunctive	存命して	ぞんめいして	zonmei shite
Hypothetical conditional	存命すれば	ぞんめいすれば	zonmei sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

References

2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.