宰
See also: 幸
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Translingual
Han character
宰 (Kangxi radical 40, 宀+7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 十卜廿十 (JYTJ), four-corner 30401, composition ⿱宀辛)
Derived characters
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 286, character 4
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7160
- Dae Jaweon: page 565, character 4
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 935, character 6
- Unihan data for U+5BB0
Chinese
| simp. and trad. |
宰 | |
|---|---|---|
| alternative forms | 𡨧 𡨔 𠈾 𡪤 | |
Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series () (Zhengzhang, 2003)
Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 宀 (“house”) + 䇂 (“crime; sin”).
In the modern form, contains 辛 instead.
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): zoi2
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chái
- Jin (Wiktionary): zai2
- Eastern Min (BUC): cāi
- Southern Min
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: zǎi
- Zhuyin: ㄗㄞˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: zǎi
- Wade–Giles: tsai3
- Yale: dzǎi
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzae
- Palladius: цзай (czaj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡saɪ̯²¹⁴/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: zai3
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: zaai
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sai⁵³/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: zoi2
- Yale: jói
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzoi2
- Guangdong Romanization: zoi2
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sɔːi̯³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chái
- Hakka Romanization System: zaiˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: zai3
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sai̯³¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- Eastern Min
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chái
- Tâi-lô: tsái
- Phofsit Daibuun: zae
- IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sai⁵⁵⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sai⁴¹/
- IPA (Taipei, Xiamen): /t͡sai⁵³/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cháiⁿ
- Tâi-lô: tsáinn
- Phofsit Daibuun: zvae
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sãi⁴¹/
- IPA (Taipei): /t͡sãi⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: táiⁿ
- Tâi-lô: táinn
- Phofsit Daibuun: dvae
- IPA (Xiamen): /tãi⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
Note:
- chái/cháiⁿ - literary;
- táiⁿ - vernacular.
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: zai2
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsái
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sai⁵²/
- Middle Chinese: tsojX
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ts]ˤəʔ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ʔsɯːʔ/
Definitions
宰
- to slaughter; to butcher
- (historical) prefect; minister
- 縣宰／县宰 ― xiànzǎi ― head of a county; county magistrate
- to govern; to rule
- 主宰 ― zhǔzǎi ― to dominate; to rule; to dictate;
- (colloquial) to overcharge
- a surname, Zai
Synonyms
- (to slaughter):
Dialectal synonyms of 宰 (“to slaughter; to butcher”) [map]
Compounds
- 主宰 (zhǔzǎi)
- 任人宰割 (rènrénzǎigē)
- 伴食宰相
- 元宰
- 冢宰 (zhǒngzǎi)
- 出宰
- 圓宰 / 圆宰
- 大冢宰
- 太宰 (tàizǎi)
- 宰予
- 宰制 (zǎizhì)
- 宰割 (zǎigē)
- 宰夫
- 宰客 (zǎikè)
- 宰我
- 宰殺 / 宰杀 (zǎishā)
- 宰牲節 / 宰牲节 (Zǎishēngjié)
- 宰相 (zǎixiàng)
- 宰衡 (zǎihéng)
- 宰輔 / 宰辅
- 屠宰 (túzǎi)
- 屠宰場 / 屠宰场 (túzǎichǎng)
- 屠宰稅 / 屠宰税
- 山中宰相
- 庖宰
- 廊廟宰 / 廊庙宰
- 弄獐宰相
- 彭澤宰 / 彭泽宰
- 摸稜宰相 / 摸棱宰相
- 敲牛宰馬 / 敲牛宰马
- 烹宰
- 甌宰 / 瓯宰
- 當朝宰相 / 当朝宰相
- 真宰
- 縣宰 / 县宰
- 荃宰
- 邑宰
- 里宰
- 鐵血宰相 / 铁血宰相
- 電宰廠 / 电宰厂
- 電宰豬肉 / 电宰猪肉
- 風流宰相 / 风流宰相
References
- “宰”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
Kanji
宰
Readings
- Go-on: さい (sai, Jōyō)
- Kan-on: さい (sai, Jōyō)
- Kun: つかさどる (tsukasadoru, 宰る)、つかさ (tsukasa, 宰)、みこともち (mikotomochi, 宰)
- Nanori: おさむ (osamu, 宰)
Etymology 1
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 宰 |
| みこともち Grade: S |
| kun'yomi |
| For pronunciation and definitions of 宰 – see the following entry. | ||
| ||
| (This term, 宰, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |
Etymology 2
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 宰 |
| おさむ Grade: S |
| nanori |
| For pronunciation and definitions of 宰 – see the following entry. | ||
| ||
| (This term, 宰, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |
Etymology 3
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 宰 |
| つかさ Grade: S |
| kun'yomi |
| For pronunciation and definitions of 宰 – see the following entry. | ||
| ||
| (This term, 宰, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |
Korean
Etymology
From Middle Chinese 宰 (MC tsojX). Recorded as Middle Korean ᄌᆡ〯 (cǒy) (Yale: cǒy) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [t͡ɕɛ(ː)] ~ [t͡ɕe̞(ː)]
- Phonetic hangul: [재(ː)/제(ː)]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Hanja
Compounds
References
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]
Vietnamese
Han character
宰: Hán Nôm readings: tể
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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