平安
Chinese
flat; level; equal flat; level; equal; to make the same score; to tie; to draw; calm; peaceful |
content; calm; still content; calm; still; quiet; to pacify; peace; how | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (平安) | 平 | 安 | |
| simp. #(平安) | 平 | 安 | |
| anagram | 安平 | ||
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): ping4 on1
- Hakka
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): bing2 ang1
- Southern Min
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: píng'ān
- Zhuyin: ㄆㄧㄥˊ ㄢ
- Tongyong Pinyin: píng-an
- Wade–Giles: pʻing2-an1
- Yale: píng-ān
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pyngan
- Palladius: пинъань (pinʺanʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰiŋ³⁵ ˀän⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
Note: Píng'ān for proper noun.
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: ping4 on1
- Yale: pìhng ōn
- Cantonese Pinyin: ping4 on1
- Guangdong Romanization: ping4 on1
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰɪŋ²¹ ɔːn⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: phìn-ôn
- Hakka Romanization System: pinˇ onˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: pin2 on1
- Sinological IPA: /pʰin¹¹ on²⁴/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: pin onˋ
- Sinological IPA: /pʰin⁵⁵ on⁵³/
- (Meixian)
- Guangdong: pin2 on1
- Sinological IPA: /pʰin¹¹ ɔn⁴⁴/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Puxian Min
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: bing2 ang1 [Phonetic: bing5 ngang1]
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: bíng-ang
- Sinological IPA (key): /piŋ¹³⁻¹¹ (Ø-)ŋaŋ⁵³³/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: bing2 ang1 [Phonetic: bing5 ngang1]
- Sinological IPA (key): /piŋ²⁴⁻²¹ (Ø-)ŋaŋ⁵⁴⁴/
- (Putian)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pêng-an
- Tâi-lô: pîng-an
- Phofsit Daibuun: peng'afn
- IPA (Xiamen): /piɪŋ²⁴⁻²² an⁴⁴/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /piɪŋ²⁴⁻²² an³³/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /piɪŋ¹³⁻²² an⁴⁴/
- IPA (Taipei): /piɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ an⁴⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /piɪŋ²³⁻³³ an⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: pêng5 ang1
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: phêng ang
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰeŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ aŋ³³/
- (Hokkien)
- Middle Chinese: bjaeng 'an
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*breŋ [ʔ]ˤa[n]/
- (Zhengzhang): /*beŋ qaːn/
Adjective
平安
- safe and sound; safe; peaceful
- (literary, of one's mind) peaceful and at ease
Synonyms
- (safe and sound):
Antonyms
Derived terms
Descendants
Others:
- → Zhuang: bingzan
Noun
平安
- (~卦) A combination 二上三中二下 in the Lingqijing.
Proper noun
平安 (Píng'ān)
- (~區) Ping'an District (a district of Qinghai, China)
- (~鄉) Ping'an (a township in Fengjie, Chongqing, China)
- (~社區) Ping'an (a residential community in Dongsheng, Shishou, Jingzhou, Hubei, China)
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 平 | 安 |
| へい Grade: 3 |
あん Grade: 3 |
| kan'on | on'yomi |
Etymology
Coined as a compound of Middle Chinese-derived elements 平 (hei, “even, steady, flat”) + 安 (an, “peace, ease”).
First cited to 728 CE in the Shoku Nihongi.[1]
Pronunciation
Adjective
平安 • (heian) -na (adnominal 平安な (heian na), adverbial 平安に (heian ni))
Inflection
Inflection of 平安
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Imperfective (未然形) | 平安だろ | へいあんだろ | heian daro |
| Continuative (連用形) | 平安で | へいあんで | heian de |
| Terminal (終止形) | 平安だ | へいあんだ | heian da |
| Attributive (連体形) | 平安な | へいあんな | heian na |
| Hypothetical (仮定形) | 平安なら | へいあんなら | heian nara |
| Imperative (命令形) | 平安であれ | へいあんであれ | heian de are |
| Key constructions | |||
| Informal negative | 平安ではない 平安じゃない |
へいあんではない へいあんじゃない |
heian de wa nai heian ja nai |
| Informal past | 平安だった | へいあんだった | heian datta |
| Informal negative past | 平安ではなかった 平安じゃなかった |
へいあんではなかった へいあんじゃなかった |
heian de wa nakatta heian ja nakatta |
| Formal | 平安です | へいあんです | heian desu |
| Formal negative | 平安ではありません 平安じゃありません |
へいあんではありません へいあんじゃありません |
heian de wa arimasen heian ja arimasen |
| Formal past | 平安でした | へいあんでした | heian deshita |
| Formal negative past | 平安ではありませんでした 平安じゃありませんでした |
へいあんではありませんでした へいあんじゃありませんでした |
heian de wa arimasen deshita heian ja arimasen deshita |
| Conjunctive | 平安で | へいあんで | heian de |
| Conditional | 平安なら(ば) | へいあんなら(ば) | heian nara (ba) |
| Provisional | 平安だったら | へいあんだったら | heian dattara |
| Volitional | 平安だろう | へいあんだろう | heian darō |
| Adverbial | 平安に | へいあんに | heian ni |
| Degree | 平安さ | へいあんさ | heiansa |
Classical conjugation of "平安なり" (ナリ活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Stem forms | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Irrealis (未然形) | 平安なら | へいあんなら | feiannara | |
| Continuative (連用形) | 平安に[1] 平安なり[2] |
へいあんに へいあんなり |
feianni feiannari | |
| Terminal (終止形) | 平安なり | へいあんなり | feiannari | |
| Attributive (連体形) | 平安なる | へいあんなる | feiannaru | |
| Realis (已然形) | 平安なれ | へいあんなれ | feiannare | |
| Imperative (命令形) | 平安なれ | へいあんなれ | feiannare | |
| Key constructions | ||||
| Negative | 平安ならず | へいあんならず | feiannarazu | |
| Contrasting conjunction | 平安なれど | へいあんなれど | feiannaredo | |
| Causal conjunction | 平安なれば | へいあんなれば | feiannareba | |
| Conditional conjunction | 平安ならば | へいあんならば | feiannaraba | |
| Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 平安なりき | へいあんなりき | feiannariki | |
| Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 平安なりけり | へいあんなりけり | feiannarikeri | |
| Adverbial | 平安に | へいあんに | feianni | |
| [1]Without auxiliary verb. [2]With auxiliary verb. | ||||
Noun
平安 • (heian)
Synonyms
Proper noun
平安 • (Heian)
- abbreviation of 平安時代 (Heian jidai, “the Heian period of Japanese history”)
References
- ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.
Korean
| Hanja in this term | |
|---|---|
| 平 | 安 |
Proper noun
平安 • (Pyeong'an) (hangeul 평안)
Vietnamese
| chữ Hán Nôm in this term | |
|---|---|
| 平 | 安 |
Adjective
平安