往復

Chinese

		toward; (of a train) bound for; to go (in a direction) toward; (of a train) bound for; to go (in a direction); past; previous; towards	again; recover; reply to a letter again; recover; reply to a letter; to repeat; to duplicate
trad. (往復)		往	復
simp. (往复)		往	复

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): wǎngfù

(Zhuyin): ㄨㄤˇ ㄈㄨˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): wong⁵ fuk⁶
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): óng-ho̍k

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: wǎngfù
  - Zhuyin: ㄨㄤˇ ㄈㄨˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: wǎngfù
  - Wade–Giles: wang³-fu⁴
  - Yale: wǎng-fù
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: woangfuh
  - Palladius: ванфу (vanfu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /wɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ fu⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: wong⁵ fuk⁶
  - Yale: wóhng fuhk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: wong⁵ fuk⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: wong⁵ fug⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /wɔːŋ¹³ fʊk̚²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: óng-ho̍k
  - Tâi-lô: óng-ho̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ofnghok
  - IPA (Xiamen): /ɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hɔk̚⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ɔŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ hɔk̚²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hɔk̚¹²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /ɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hɔk̚⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ hɔk̚⁴/

Verb

往復

to go and come back; to make a round trip; to go forwards and backwards
to contact; to get in touch with

Synonyms

(to go and come back):

來去 / 来去 (láiqù)
來回 / 来回 (láihuí)
來往 / 来往 (láiwǎng)
往來 / 往来 (wǎnglái)
往返 (wǎngfǎn)
往還 / 往还 (wǎnghuán) (literary)
過往 / 过往 (guòwǎng)

(to contact):

串通 (chuàntōng)
接觸 / 接触 (jiēchù)
掛鉤 / 挂钩 (guàgōu)
聯絡 / 联络 (liánluò)
聯繫 / 联系 (liánxì)
連繫 / 连系 (liánxì)

Adverb

往復

again and again; repeatedly; time and time again

Synonyms

一再 (yīzài)
來回 / 来回 (láihuí)
再三 (zàisān)
反覆 / 反复 (fǎnfù)
多次 (duōcì)
屢屢 / 屡屡 (lǚlǚ)
屢次 / 屡次 (lǚcì)
比比 (bǐbǐ)
重重 (chóngchóng)
頻頻 / 频频 (pínpín)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (往復):

→ Japanese: 往復(おうふく) (ōfuku)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
往	復
おう Grade: 5	ふく Grade: 5
kan'on

Alternative spelling
往覆

Etymology

/waupukʉ/ → /wɔːɸuku/ → /ɔːfuku/ → /oːfuku/

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) おーふく [òófúkú] (Heiban – [0])^[1]
IPA^(key): [o̞ːɸɯ̟kɯ̟]

Noun

往(おう)復(ふく) • (ōfuku) ^{←わうふく (waufuku)^?}

a round trip, going back and forth
Antonym: 片道 (katamichi)
(by extension) an exchange (of conversations, letters, etc.)
coming and going
Synonym: 行き帰り (yukikaeri)

Derived terms

往(おう)復(ふく)圧(あっ)縮(しゅく)機(き) (ōfuku asshukuki)
往(おう)復(ふく)機(き)関(かん) (ōfuku kikan)
往(おう)復(ふく)切(きっ)符(ぷ) (ōfuku kippu)
往(おう)復(ふく)乗(じょう)車(しゃ)券(けん) (ōfuku jōshaken)
往(おう)復(ふく)送(そう)風(ふう)機(き) (ōfuku sōfūki)
往(おう)復(ふく)台(だい) (ōfukudai)
往(おう)復(ふく)葉(は)書(がき) (ōfuku hagaki)
往(おう)復(ふく)貿(ぼう)易(えき) (ōfuku bōeki)
往(おう)復(ふく)ポンプ (ōfuku ponpu)
往(おう)復(ふく)レイテンシー (ōfuku reitenshī)

Verb

往(おう)復(ふく)する • (ōfuku suru) ^{←わうふく (waufuku)^?}intransitive suru (stem 往(おう)復(ふく)し (ōfuku shi), past 往(おう)復(ふく)した (ōfuku shita))

to make a round trip, go back and forth
仕(し)事(ごと)場(ば)と自(じ)宅(たく)を往(おう)復(ふく)するだけの生(せい)活(かつ)
shigotoba to jitaku o ōfuku suru dake no seikatsu
a life of simply going from home to work and back.
(by extension) to exchange (conversations, letters, etc.)
to come and go

Conjugation

Conjugation of "往復する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	往復し	おうふくし	ōfuku shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	往復し	おうふくし	ōfuku shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	往復する	おうふくする	ōfuku suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	往復する	おうふくする	ōfuku suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	往復すれ	おうふくすれ	ōfuku sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	往復せよ¹ 往復しろ²	おうふくせよ¹ おうふくしろ²	ōfuku seyo¹ ōfuku shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	往復される	おうふくされる	ōfuku sareru
Causative	往復させる往復さす	おうふくさせるおうふくさす	ōfuku saseru ōfuku sasu
Potential	往復できる	おうふくできる	ōfuku dekiru
Volitional	往復しよう	おうふくしよう	ōfuku shiyō
Negative	往復しない	おうふくしない	ōfuku shinai
Negative continuative	往復せず	おうふくせず	ōfuku sezu
Formal	往復します	おうふくします	ōfuku shimasu
Perfective	往復した	おうふくした	ōfuku shita
Conjunctive	往復して	おうふくして	ōfuku shite
Hypothetical conditional	往復すれば	おうふくすれば	ōfuku sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

References

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN