材料
Chinese
material | material; stuff; grain material; stuff; grain; feed; to expect; to anticipate; to guess | ||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (材料) | 材 | 料 | |
simp. #(材料) | 材 | 料 |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): coi4 liu6-2
- Hakka
- Eastern Min (BUC): cài-lâiu
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): zai2 lieo5
- Southern Min
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: cáiliào
- Zhuyin: ㄘㄞˊ ㄌㄧㄠˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: cáiliào
- Wade–Giles: tsʻai2-liao4
- Yale: tsái-lyàu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsairliaw
- Palladius: цайляо (cajljao)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰaɪ̯³⁵ li̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: cáiliàor
- Zhuyin: ㄘㄞˊ ㄌㄧㄠˋㄦ
- Tongyong Pinyin: cáiliàor
- Wade–Giles: tsʻai2-liao4-ʼrh
- Yale: tsái-lyàur
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsairliawl
- Palladius: цайляор (cajljaor)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰaɪ̯³⁵ li̯aʊ̯ɻʷ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: coi4 liu6-2
- Yale: chòih líu
- Cantonese Pinyin: tsoi4 liu6-2
- Guangdong Romanization: coi4 liu6-2
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰɔːi̯²¹ liːu̯²²⁻³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhòi-liau
- Hakka Romanization System: coiˇ liau
- Hagfa Pinyim: coi2 liau4
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰoi̯¹¹ li̯au̯⁵⁵/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: coi liau˖
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰoi⁵⁵ liau³³/
- (Meixian)
- Guangdong: coi2 liau4
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰoɪ¹¹ liau⁵³/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Eastern Min
- Puxian Min
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: zai2 lieo5 [Phonetic: zai4 lieo5]
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: cái-lā̤u
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sai¹³⁻⁴² lieu¹¹/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: zai2 lieo5 [Phonetic: zai4 lieo5]
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sai²⁴⁻⁴² lieu²¹/
- (Putian)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: châi-liāu
- Tâi-lô: tsâi-liāu
- Phofsit Daibuun: zailiau
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sai²³⁻³³ liau³³/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sai²⁴⁻²² liau⁴¹/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sai¹³⁻²² liau²²/
- IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sai²⁴⁻²² liau²²/
- IPA (Taipei): /t͡sai²⁴⁻¹¹ liau³³/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhái-liāu
- Tâi-lô: tshái-liāu
- Phofsit Daibuun: zhayliau
- IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ liau³³/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰai⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ liau³³/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhâi-liāu
- Tâi-lô: tshâi-liāu
- Phofsit Daibuun: zhailiau
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰai²³⁻³³ liau³³/
- IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰai²⁴⁻¹¹ liau³³/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: cai5 liao7
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshâi liāu
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰai⁵⁵⁻¹¹ liau¹¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
Noun
材料
- material; stuff; ingredient
- data
- reference material; document; documentation; information; source
- (figurative) makings; material (person of a specified quality)
Synonyms
- (makings):
Antonyms
- (antonym(s) of “makings”):
- 庸才 (yōngcái)
Derived terms
See also
Japanese
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
材 | 料 |
ざい Grade: 4 |
りょう Grade: 4 |
on'yomi |
Etymology
From Middle Chinese compound 材料 (dzoj lewH, literally “materials + ingredients”). Compare modern Mandarin reading cáiliào.
Pronunciation
Noun
材料 • (zairyō)
- a concrete material:
- ingredients for food
- materials for building something, such as furniture
- abstract material:
Synonyms
Derived terms
- 材料学 (zairyō gaku): material science
- 材料株 (zairyō kabu): an incentive-backed stock
- 材料強弱学 (zairyō kyōjakugaku): material dynamics
- 材料力学 (zairyō rikigaku): material dynamics
- 材料試験 (zairyō shiken): materials testing
- 材料試験機 (zairyō shikenki): a materials tester, a material testing machine
- 材料費 (zairyō hi): the cost of materials
References
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Korean
Hanja in this term | |
---|---|
材 | 料 |
Noun
材料 • (jaeryo) (hangeul 재료)
- hanja form? of 재료 (“material; ingredient”)
Vietnamese
chữ Hán Nôm in this term | |
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材 | 料 |
Noun
材料