椎

椎	U+690E, 椎 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-690E

← 植
[U+690D]

CJK Unified Ideographs

椏 →
[U+690F]

Translingual

Han character

椎 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+8, 12 strokes, cangjie input 木人土 (DOG), four-corner 4091₄, composition ⿰木隹)

Derived characters

𩠳, 𱾝, 𥴛, 𢡫

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 536, character 11
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 15024
Dae Jaweon: page 924, character 1
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1233, character 10
Unihan data for U+690E

Chinese

simp. and trad.		椎
alternative forms		㮅

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (隹) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
蜼	lus, rulʔ, *luls
堆	*tuːl
嵟	*tuːl
碓	*tuːls
推	tʰuːl, tʰjul
蓷	tʰuːl, tʰjul
陮	*duːlʔ
魋	*duːl
嶊	*stuːlʔ
崔	zluːl, sʰluːl
猚	ŋreːl, rulʔ
椎	*dul
顀	*dul
隹	*tjul
錐	*tjul
萑	*kljul
騅	*tjul
鵻	sɢʷinʔ, tjul
誰	*djul
脽	*djul

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zhuī (zhui¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄓㄨㄟ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zeoi¹
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chui

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zhuī
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄨㄟ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jhuei
  - Wade–Giles: chui¹
  - Yale: jwēi
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: juei
  - Palladius: чжуй (čžuj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: zeoi¹
  - Yale: jēui
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzoey¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: zêu¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɵy̯⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chui
  - Tâi-lô: tsui
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zuy
  - IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sui⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sui³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sui⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡sui⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sui⁴⁴/

Definitions

椎

vertebra

Compounds

回椎 (huíchuí)
圓椎 / 圆椎 (yuánzhuī)
尾椎 (wěizhuī)
尾椎骨
椎子
椎孔 (zhuīkǒng)
椎間板 / 椎间板
椎間盤 / 椎间盘 (zhuījiānpán)
椎骨 (zhuīgǔ)
胸椎 (xiōngzhuī)
脊椎
脊椎動物 / 脊椎动物
脊椎骨 (jǐzhuīgǔ)
腰椎 (yāozhuī)
腰椎神經 / 腰椎神经
腰椎穿刺 (yāozhuī chuāncì)
頸椎 / 颈椎 (jǐngzhuī)

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zhuī (zhui¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄓㄨㄟ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zeoi¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zhuī
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄨㄟ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jhuei
  - Wade–Giles: chui¹
  - Yale: jwēi
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: juei
  - Palladius: чжуй (čžuj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: zeoi¹
  - Yale: jēui
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzoey¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: zêu¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɵy̯⁵⁵/

Definitions

椎

chinquapin (Castanopsis)

Compounds

椎茸 (zhuīróng)

Etymology 3

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “What relation is there between 錘, 槌, 鎚, and ?”)

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): chuí, zhuī (chui², zhui¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄔㄨㄟˊ, ㄓㄨㄟ
Cantonese (Jyutping): ceoi⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: chuí
  - Zhuyin: ㄔㄨㄟˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: chuéi
  - Wade–Giles: chʻui²
  - Yale: chwéi
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chwei
  - Palladius: чуй (čuj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰu̯eɪ̯³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zhuī
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄨㄟ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jhuei
  - Wade–Giles: chui¹
  - Yale: jwēi
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: juei
  - Palladius: чжуй (čžuj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: ceoi⁴
  - Yale: chèuih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsoey⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: cêu⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɵy̯²¹/

Middle Chinese: drwij

Rime
Character	椎
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	澄 (11)
Final (韻)	脂 (18)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	直追切
Baxter	drwij
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɖˠiuɪ/
Pan Wuyun	/ɖʷᵚi/
Shao Rongfen	/ȡiuɪ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɖjwi/
Li Rong	/ȡjui/
Wang Li	/ȡwi/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ȡʱwi/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	chuí
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ceoi⁴

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*k.druj/

(Zhengzhang): /*dul/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	椎
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	chuí
Middle Chinese	‹ drwij ›
Old Chinese	/*k.druj/
English	hammer
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	椎
Reading #	1/1
No.	17716
Phonetic component	隹
Rime group	微
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	鎚
Old Chinese	/*dul/

Definitions

椎

Compounds

剝膚椎髓 / 剥肤椎髓
博浪飛椎 / 博浪飞椎
打熱椎 / 打热椎
椎埋
椎床倒枕
椎心
椎心泣血
椎心蝕骨 / 椎心蚀骨
椎拍輐斷 / 椎拍𰺇断
椎棒
椎牛饗士 / 椎牛飨士
椎秦
椎輪 / 椎轮
椎輪大輅 / 椎轮大辂
椎髻
椎魯 / 椎鲁
泣血椎心
鏈椎 / 链椎

Japanese

Kanji

椎

(Jōyō kanji)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

Go-on: すい (sui)、ずい (zui)^{←づい (dui, historical)}
Kan-on: すい (sui)、つい (tsui, Jōyō)^{←つい (tui, historical)}
Kun: つち (tsuchi, 椎)、うつ (utsu, 椎つ)、しい (shī, 椎)^{←しひ (sifi, 椎, historical)}

Compounds

椎(つい)間(かん)板(ばん) (tsuikanban): intervertebral disc
椎(つい)骨(こつ) (tsuikotsu): vertebra

Etymology

Kanji in this term
椎
しい Grade: S
kun'yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) しい [shíꜜì] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]^[2]
IPA^(key): [ɕiː]

Noun

椎(しい) or 椎(シイ) • (shī) ^{←しひ (sifi)^?}

chinquapin, a tree of the genus Castanopsis

Derived terms

椎(しい)茸(たけ) (shītake): shiitake
椎鈍(しいにび) (shīnibi)
円(つぶら)椎(じい) (tsuburajī): shii tree

References

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 椎 (MC drwij). Recorded as Middle Korean 퇴 (thwoy) (Yale: thwoy) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Wikisource

椎 (eumhun 몽치 추 (mongchi chu))

hanja form^? of 추 (“mallet”)
hanja form^? of 추 (“(anatomy) spine”)

Compounds

경추 (頸椎, gyeongchu)
미추 (尾椎, michu)
요추 (腰椎, yochu)
척추 (脊椎, cheokchu)
추골 (椎骨, chugol)
흉추 (胸椎, hyungchu)

References

국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]

Vietnamese

Han character

椎: Hán Nôm readings: chòi, choi, chùy/chuỳ, dùi, truy, chuy

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

[DJR-1] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-2] NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

[1]

[2]