沌
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Translingual
Han character
沌 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 水心山 (EPU), four-corner 35117, composition ⿰氵屯)
Further reading
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 610, character 10
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17193
- Dae Jaweon: page 1003, character 4
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1561, character 9
- Unihan data for U+6C8C
Chinese
| simp. and trad. |
沌 | |
|---|---|---|
| alternative forms | 坉 ancient | |
Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (屯) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 躉 | *tuːnʔ |
| 窀 | *rduːn, *duːn, *tun |
| 沌 | *donʔ, *duːn, *duːnʔ |
| 盹 | *tuːnʔ, *tjuns |
| 頓 | *tuːns |
| 扽 | *tuːns |
| 黗 | *tʰuːn, *tʰuːnʔ |
| 吨 | *tʰuːnʔ |
| 屯 | *duːn, *tun |
| 飩 | *duːn |
| 豘 | *duːn |
| 軘 | *duːn |
| 坉 | *duːn |
| 邨 | *duːn, *stʰuːn |
| 忳 | *duːn |
| 芚 | *duːn |
| 庉 | *duːn, *duːnʔ |
| 囤 | *duːnʔ |
| 迍 | *tun |
| 杶 | *tʰun |
| 瑃 | *tʰun |
| 椿 | *tʰun |
| 偆 | *tʰunʔ, *tʰjunʔ |
| 肫 | *tjun |
| 訰 | *tjun, *tjuns |
| 純 | *tjunʔ, *djun |
| 春 | *tʰjun |
| 蠢 | *tʰjunʔ |
| 踳 | *tʰjunʔ |
| 惷 | *tʰjunʔ |
| 蒓 | *djun |
| 賰 | *hljunʔ |
| 鬊 | *hljuns |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *donʔ, *duːn, *duːnʔ): semantic 氵 + phonetic 屯 (OC *duːn, *tun).
Pronunciation 1
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): deon6
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): dong5 / duong5
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): tūn
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6den
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: dùn
- Zhuyin: ㄉㄨㄣˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: dùn
- Wade–Giles: tun4
- Yale: dwùn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: duenn
- Palladius: дунь (dunʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /tu̯ən⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: deon6
- Yale: deuhn
- Cantonese Pinyin: doen6
- Guangdong Romanization: dên6
- Sinological IPA (key): /tɵn²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Puxian Min
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: dong5
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: deōng
- Sinological IPA (key): /tɔŋ¹¹/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: duong5
- Sinological IPA (key): /tuoŋ²¹/
- (Putian)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tūn
- Tâi-lô: tūn
- Phofsit Daibuun: dun
- IPA (Xiamen): /tun²²/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /tun⁴¹/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /tun²²/
- IPA (Taipei): /tun³³/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /tun³³/
- (Hokkien)
- Wu
- Middle Chinese: dwonX
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*duːnʔ/
Definitions
沌
Compounds
Pronunciation 2
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: zhuàn
- Zhuyin: ㄓㄨㄢˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jhuàn
- Wade–Giles: chuan4
- Yale: jwàn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: juann
- Palladius: чжуань (čžuanʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂu̯än⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: cyun5
- Yale: chyúhn
- Cantonese Pinyin: tsyn5
- Guangdong Romanization: qun5
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰyːn¹³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Middle Chinese: drjwenX
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*donʔ/
Definitions
沌
Pronunciation 3
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: tún
- Zhuyin: ㄊㄨㄣˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: tún
- Wade–Giles: tʻun2
- Yale: twún
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: twen
- Palladius: тунь (tunʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰu̯ən³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Middle Chinese: dwon
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*duːn/
Definitions
沌
- (of waves) billowing
Compounds
- 沌沌 (túntún)
References
- 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “沌”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 57.
Japanese
Kanji
沌
- primeval chaos
Readings
Korean
Etymology
From Middle Chinese 沌 (MC dwonX). Recorded as Middle Korean 돈〯 (twǒn) (Yale: twon) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
Hanja
- hanja form? of 돈 (“disorderly; chaotic”)
Compounds
References
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]
Vietnamese
Han character
沌: Hán Nôm readings: xộn
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