泔

泔	U+6CD4, 泔 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6CD4

← 泓
[U+6CD3]

CJK Unified Ideographs

法 →
[U+6CD5]

Translingual

Han character

泔 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 水廿一 (ETM), four-corner 3417₀, composition ⿰氵甘)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 616, character 10
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17289
Dae Jaweon: page 1010, character 1
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1580, character 1
Unihan data for U+6CD4

Chinese

simp. and trad.		泔

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 泔
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (甘) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
紺	*kɯːms
姏	*mɡaːm
嵌	sɡaːmʔ, kʰraːm
甘	*kaːm
柑	*kaːm
苷	*kaːm
泔	*kaːm
坩	kaːm, kʰaːm
蚶	ɢaːm, ɢaːm
酣	*ɢaːm
甝	*ɢaːm
魽	*ɢaːm
邯	ɡaːm, ɡaːm
鉗	*ɡram
箝	*ɡram
黚	ɡram, ɡrɯm
拑	*ɡram

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kaːm): semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 甘 (OC *kaːm).

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): gān (gan¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄍㄢ
Cantonese (Jyutping): gam¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): kâm

(Meixian, Guangdong): gam¹
Jin (Wiktionary): gan¹
Eastern Min (BUC): găng
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): kam

(Teochew, Peng'im): gam¹
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ¹koe
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): gan¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: gān
  - Zhuyin: ㄍㄢ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: gan
  - Wade–Giles: kan¹
  - Yale: gān
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gan
  - Palladius: гань (ganʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kän⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: gam¹
  - Yale: gām
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gam¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: gem¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɐm⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kâm
  - Hakka Romanization System: gam^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: gam¹
  - Sinological IPA: /kam²⁴/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: gam¹
  - Sinological IPA: /kam⁴⁴/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: gan¹
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /kæ̃¹¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: găng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kaŋ⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kam
  - Tâi-lô: kam
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kafm
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kam⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kam³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kam⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kam⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kam⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: gam¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kam
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kam³³/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ¹koe
  - MiniDict: koe^平
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹koe
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /kø⁵³/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: gan¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kan³³/

Middle Chinese: kam

Rime
Character	泔
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	談 (143)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	古三切
Baxter	kam
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kɑm/
Pan Wuyun	/kɑm/
Shao Rongfen	/kɑm/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kam/
Li Rong	/kɑm/
Wang Li	/kɑm/
Bernhard Karlgren	/kɑm/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	gān
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gam¹

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*kaːm/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	泔
Reading #	1/1
No.	3655
Phonetic component	甘
Rime group	談
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	甘
Old Chinese	/*kaːm/

Definitions

泔

water from washing rice; kitchen slops

Compounds

泔水 (gānshuǐ)
泔水桶
泔腳 / 泔脚 (gānjiǎo)
泔魚 / 泔鱼
淅二泔
溫泔清 / 温泔清
潘泔 (pāngān)
米泔
米泔水 (mǐgānshuǐ)

Descendants

→ Proto-Vietic: *kəːm (“cooked rice”)
- Vietnamese: cơm

Etymology 2

simp. and trad.		泔
alternative forms		淊 Hokkien

Pronunciation

Eastern Min (BUC): āng
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): ám

Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: āng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /aŋ³³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ám
  - Tâi-lô: ám
  - Phofsit Daibuun: arm
  - IPA (Xiamen): /am⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /am⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /am⁵³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /am⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /am⁴¹/

Definitions

泔

(Eastern Min, Hokkien) alternative form of 飲 / 饮 (“rice water”)
(Hokkien) alternative form of 飲 / 饮 (“sticky and watery”)

Etymology 3

simp. and trad.		泔

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): hàn, gān (han⁴, gan¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄏㄢˋ, ㄍㄢ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: hàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄢˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: hàn
  - Wade–Giles: han⁴
  - Yale: hàn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hann
  - Palladius: хань (xanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xän⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: gān
  - Zhuyin: ㄍㄢ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: gan
  - Wade–Giles: kan¹
  - Yale: gān
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gan
  - Palladius: гань (ganʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kän⁵⁵/

Definitions

泔

only used in 泔淡

Japanese

Kanji

泔

(Hyōgai kanji)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

On (unclassified): かん (kan)、ごん (gon)

Korean

Hanja

泔 (eum 검 (geom))

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

泔: Hán Nôm readings: cam

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

Nom Foundation