津

津	U+6D25, 津 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6D25

← 洤
[U+6D24]

CJK Unified Ideographs

洦 →
[U+6D26]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

津 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 水中手 (ELQ), four-corner 3510₇, composition ⿰氵聿)

Derived characters

𦩨, 葏, 𮵷, 堻, 𤀷, 𰝪, 𦽷

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 621, character 9
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17396
Dae Jaweon: page 1017, character 7
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1616, character 11
Unihan data for U+6D25

Chinese

simp. and trad.		津
alternative forms		𣸁𦪉

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series () (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
葏	*ʔslen
津	*ʔslin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ʔslin): semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 𦘔. 𦘔 (pronounced "jīn") has been simplified into the partly related 聿 (OC *b·lud) in the clerical script.

Etymology

From 濟 (OC *ʔsliːls, “to ferry”) + nominal suffix *-n (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): jīn (jin¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄣ
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): zeon¹

(Taishan, Wiktionary): zun¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): chîn

(Hailu, HRS): zin^ˋ
Eastern Min (BUC): cĭng
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): zing¹
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): tin / chin

(Teochew, Peng'im): zing¹
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ¹cin

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jīn
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄣ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jin
  - Wade–Giles: chin¹
  - Yale: jīn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jin
  - Palladius: цзинь (czinʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕin⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: zeon¹
  - Yale: jēun
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzoen¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: zên¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɵn⁵⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: zun¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sun³³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chîn
  - Hakka Romanization System: jin^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: jin¹
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sin²⁴/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: zin^ˋ
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sin⁵³/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: cĭng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siŋ⁵⁵/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: zing¹
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: cing
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siŋ⁵³³/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: zing¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siŋ⁵⁴⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tin
  - Tâi-lô: tin
  - Phofsit Daibuun: dyn
  - IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tin⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tin³³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chin
  - Tâi-lô: tsin
  - Phofsit Daibuun: cyn
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sin³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡sin⁴⁴/

Note:

Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taiwan:
- tin - vernacular;
- chin - literary.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: zing¹
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsing
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siŋ³³/

Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ¹cin
  - MiniDict: cin^平
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹jin
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡ɕin⁵³/

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 津
Mandarin	Beijing	/t͡ɕin⁵⁵/
	Harbin	/t͡ɕyn⁴⁴/ /t͡ɕiŋ⁴⁴/ /t͡ɕin⁴⁴/
	Tianjin	/t͡ɕiŋ²¹/
	Jinan	/t͡ɕiẽ²¹³/ /t͡ɕyẽ²¹³/
	Qingdao	/t͡siə̃⁵⁵/
	Zhengzhou	/t͡sin²⁴/
	Xi'an	/t͡ɕiẽ²¹/ ～～有味 /t͡ɕiŋ²¹/ 天～
	Xining	/t͡ɕiə̃⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/t͡ɕiŋ⁴⁴/
	Lanzhou	/t͡ɕĩn³¹/
	Ürümqi	/t͡ɕiŋ⁴⁴/
	Wuhan	/t͡ɕin⁵⁵/
	Chengdu	/t͡ɕin⁵⁵/
	Guiyang	/t͡ɕin⁵⁵/
	Kunming	/t͡ɕĩ⁴⁴/
	Nanjing	/t͡sin³¹/
	Hefei	/t͡ɕin²¹/
Jin	Taiyuan	/t͡ɕiəŋ¹¹/
	Pingyao	/t͡ɕiŋ¹³/
	Hohhot	/t͡ɕĩŋ³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/t͡ɕiŋ⁵³/
	Suzhou	/t͡sin⁵⁵/
	Hangzhou	/t͡ɕin³³/
	Wenzhou	/t͡saŋ³³/
Hui	Shexian	/t͡siʌ̃³¹/
Hui	Tunxi	/t͡ɕiɛ¹¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/t͡sin³³/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/t͡sin³³/
Gan	Nanchang	/t͡ɕin⁴²/
Hakka	Meixian	/t͡sin⁴⁴/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/t͡sin²⁴/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/t͡søn⁵³/
	Nanning	/t͡sɐn⁵⁵/
	Hong Kong	/t͡søn⁵⁵/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/t͡sin⁵⁵/ /tin⁵⁵/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/t͡siŋ⁴⁴/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/t͡seiŋ⁵⁴/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/t͡siŋ³³/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/t͡sin²³/

Middle Chinese: tsin

Rime
Character	津
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	精 (13)
Final (韻)	眞 (43)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	將鄰切
Baxter	tsin
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡siɪn/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡sin/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sjen/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡sin/
Li Rong	/t͡siĕn/
Wang Li	/t͡sĭĕn/
Bernhard Karlgren	/t͡si̯ĕn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jīn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zan¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[ts]i[n]/

(Zhengzhang): /*ʔslin/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	津
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jīn
Middle Chinese	‹ tsin ›
Old Chinese	/*[ts]i[n]/
English	ford (n.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	津
Reading #	1/1
No.	6725
Phonetic component
Rime group	眞
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime
Old Chinese	/*ʔslin/

Definitions

津

ferry crossing; ford
- 長沮、桀溺耦而耕，孔子過之，使子路問津焉。 [Traditional Chinese poetry, trad.]
  长沮、桀溺耦而耕，孔子过之，使子路问津焉。 [Traditional Chinese poetry, simp.]
  From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
  Chángjǔ, Jiénì ǒu ér gēng, Kǒngzǐ guò zhī, shǐ Zǐlù wènjīn yān. [Pinyin]
  Chang Zu and Jie Ni were at work in the field together. Confucius passed by them, and sent Zi Lu to inquire for the ford.
1. (figurative) key post
2. short for 天津 (Tiānjīn, “Tianjin”)
3. (～市) Tsu, Japan
bodily fluid
1. saliva
2. sweat
3. to moisten
alternative form of 秦 (Qín, “plain with river”)

Compounds

上津 (Shàngjīn)
乏人問津 / 乏人问津 (fárénwènjīn)
京津大鼓
位居要津
利津 (Lìjīn)
問津 / 问津 (wènjīn)
唾津兒 / 唾津儿
夏津 (Xiàjīn)
天津 (Tiānjīn)
平津
延津 (Yánjīn)
打鼓津頭 / 打鼓津头
指點迷津 / 指点迷津 (zhǐdiǎnmíjīn)
文津閣 / 文津阁
旗津 (Qíjīn, “Cijin”)
東津 / 东津 (Dōngjīn)
橋津 / 桥津
江津 (Jiāngjīn)
汗津津 (hànjīnjīn)
波津
河津 (Héjīn)
津南 (Jīnnán)
津史
津吏
津巴布韋 / 津巴布韦 (Jīnbābùwéi)
津市 (Jīnshì)
津梁 (jīnliáng)
津津 (jīnjīn)
津津有味 (jīnjīnyǒuwèi)
津津樂道 / 津津乐道 (jīnjīnlèdào)
津浦鐵路 / 津浦铁路
津涯
津液 (jīnyè)
津渡 (jīndù)
津潤 / 津润
津濟 / 津济
津發 / 津发
津筏
津要 (jīnyào)
津貼 / 津贴 (jīntiē)
津貼制度 / 津贴制度
津送
津遣
津關 / 津关
津鼓
清津 (Qīngjīn, “Chongjin”)
濕津津 / 湿津津
無人問津 / 无人问津 (wúrénwènjīn)
牛津 (niújīn)
玄津
生津 (shēngjīn)
生津止渴
白馬津 / 白马津
益氣生津 / 益气生津
盟津 (Mèngjīn)
知津
義津 / 义津 (Yìjīn)
蒲津
薪津
要津 (yàojīn)
要路津
覺返迷津 / 觉返迷津
赤津津
迷津
遍體生津 / 遍体生津
關津 / 关津

Japanese

Kanji

津

(Jōyō kanji)

Readings

Go-on: しん (shin, Jōyō)
Kan-on: しん (shin, Jōyō)
Kun: つ (tsu, 津, Jōyō)、しる (shiru, 津)
Nanori: す (su)、ず (zu)、つ (tsu)、づ (zu)^[1]

Compounds

津(しん)液(えき) (shin'eki)
津々(つつ)浦々(うらうら), 津津(つつ)浦浦(うらうら) (tsutsuuraura)
津(つ)波(なみ) (tsunami)
津(つ)軽(がる) (tsugaru)

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Kanji in this term
津
つ Grade: S
kun'yomi

(Tokyo) つ [tsúꜜ] (Atamadaka – [1])
IPA^(key): [t͡sɨ]

Noun

津(つ) • (tsu)

harbor, port; ferry

Proper noun

津(つ) • (Tsu)

Tsu (a city in Mie Prefecture, Japan)
a surname

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
津
つ Grade: S (ateji)
kun'yomi

Ateji (当て字). for つ (tsu, possessive/genitive particle) in various terms.

Particle

津(つ) • (tsu)

(archaic, obsolete) genitive or possessive marker

Derived terms

天津神(あまつかみ) (amatsukami)
国津神(くにつかみ) (kunitsukami)
天津麻羅(あまつまら) (amatsumara)
別天津神(ことあまつかみ) (kotoamatsukami)
級長津彦命(しなつひこのみこと) (shinatsuhiko no mikoto)
禍津日神(まがつひのかみ) (magatsuhi no kami)

References

^ “津”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2025

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 津 (MC tsin).

“ferry; ford”

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448	진 (Yale: cìn)
Middle Korean
Text	Eumhun
Text	*Gloss (hun)*	Reading
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527^[2]	ᄂᆞᄅᆞ (Yale: nòlò)	진 (Yale: cìn)

“resin; sap”

Historical Readings
Middle Korean
Text	Eumhun
Text	*Gloss (hun)*	Reading
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527^[3]	N/A	진〯 (Yale: cǐn)

Pronunciation

(ferry; ford):
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [t͡ɕin]
- Phonetic hangul: [진]
(resin; sap):
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [t͡ɕi(ː)n]
- Phonetic hangul: [진(ː)]
  - Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

Wikisource

津 (eumhun 나루 진 (naru jin))

hanja form^? of 진 (“ferry; ford”) [affix]
hanja form^? of 진 (“resin; sap”) [noun]

Compounds

광진 (廣津, Gwangjin)
도진 (渡津, dojin)
섬진강 (蟾津江, Seomjin'gang)
송진 (松津, songjin)
옹진 (甕津, Ongjin)
정동진 (正東津, Jeongdongjin)
진구 (津口, jin'gu)
진도 (津渡, jindo)
진두 (津頭, jindu)
진량 (津梁, jillyang)
진액 (津液, jinaek)
진역 (津驛, jinyeok)
진하 (津河, jinha)
하진 (河津, hajin)
흥미진진 (興味津津, heungmijinjin)

References

국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [4]

Vietnamese

Han character

津: Hán Nôm readings: lọt, lụt, tân

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

[1] “津”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2025

[1]