洱

洱	U+6D31, 洱 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6D31

← 洰
[U+6D30]

CJK Unified Ideographs

洲 →
[U+6D32]

Translingual

Han character

洱 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 水尸十 (ESJ), four-corner 3114₀, composition ⿰氵耳)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 622, character 8
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17412
Dae Jaweon: page 1018, character 6
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1602, character 3
Unihan data for U+6D31

Chinese

trad.		洱
simp. ^#		洱

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (耳) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
佴	nɯːs, njɯs
麛	*miː
弭	*mniʔ
渳	*mniʔ
葞	*mniʔ
髶	njis, njoŋ
聻	*nɯʔ
恥	*n̥ʰɯʔ
咡	njɯ, njɯs
誀	njɯ, njɯs
耳	*njɯʔ
洱	njɯʔ, njɯs
駬	*njɯʔ
餌	*njɯs
珥	*njɯs
衈	*njɯs
毦	*njɯs
刵	*njɯs
眲	njɯs, rnɯːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *njɯʔ, *njɯs): semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 耳 (OC *njɯʔ).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): ěr (er³)

(Zhuyin): ㄦˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): nei² / ji⁵
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): zi³

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: ěr
  - Zhuyin: ㄦˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: ěr
  - Wade–Giles: êrh³
  - Yale: ěr
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: eel
  - Palladius: эр (er)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ˀɤɻ²¹⁴/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: nei² / ji⁵
  - Yale: néi / yíh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: nei² / ji⁵
  - Guangdong Romanization: néi² / yi⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /nei̯³⁵/, /jiː¹³/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: zi³
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: cî
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡si⁴⁵³/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: zi³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡si³³²/

Middle Chinese: nyiX, nyiH

Rime
Character	洱	洱
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	日 (38)	日 (38)
Final (韻)	之 (19)	之 (19)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	而止切	仍吏切
Baxter	nyiX	nyiH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ȵɨ^X/	/ȵɨ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ȵɨ^X/	/ȵɨ^H/
Shao Rongfen	/ȵʑie^X/	/ȵʑie^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ȵɨ^X/	/ȵɨ^H/
Li Rong	/ȵiə^X/	/ȵiə^H/
Wang Li	/ȵʑĭə^X/	/ȵʑĭə^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ȵʑi^X/	/ȵʑi^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	ěr	èr
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ji⁵	ji⁶

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*njɯʔ/, /*njɯs/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	洱	洱
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	2784	2794
Phonetic component	耳	耳
Rime group	之	之
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	耳	餌
Old Chinese	/*njɯʔ/	/*njɯs/
Notes	見漢書	見漢書

Definitions

洱

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Compounds

普洱 (pǔ'ěr)
普洱茶 (pǔ'ěrchá)
洱海 (Ěrhǎi)

References

“洱”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “洱”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 61.

Japanese

Kanji

洱

(Hyōgai kanji)

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Readings

On (unclassified): じ (ji)、に (ni)

Korean

이

Vietnamese

Han character

洱: Hán Nôm readings: nhĩ

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

Nom Foundation