災厄

See also: 灾厄

Chinese

		disaster; calamity	adversity
trad. (災厄)		災	厄
simp. (灾厄)		灾	厄
alternative forms		災阨／灾阨

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zāi'è

(Zhuyin): ㄗㄞㄜˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zoi¹ ak¹ / zoi¹ aak¹
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chai-eh

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zāi'è
  - Zhuyin: ㄗㄞㄜˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: zai-è
  - Wade–Giles: tsai¹-o⁴
  - Yale: dzāi-è
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzaieh
  - Palladius: цзайэ (czajɛ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡saɪ̯⁵⁵ ˀɤ⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: zoi¹ ak¹ / zoi¹ aak¹
  - Yale: jōi āk / jōi āak
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzoi¹ ak⁷ / dzoi¹ aak⁷
  - Guangdong Romanization: zoi¹ eg¹ / zoi¹ ag¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɔːi̯⁵⁵ ɐk̚⁵/, /t͡sɔːi̯⁵⁵ aːk̚⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chai-eh
  - Tâi-lô: tsai-eh
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zai'eq
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡sai⁴⁴⁻³³ eʔ³²/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡sai⁴⁴⁻²² eʔ³²/

Middle Chinese: tsoj 'eak

Rime
Character	災	厄
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	精 (13)	影 (34)
Final (韻)	咍 (41)	麥 (119)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	II
Fanqie	祖才切	於革切
Baxter	tsoj	'eak
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡sʌi/	/ʔˠɛk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡səi/	/ʔᵚæk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sɒi/	/ʔɐk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡səj/	/ʔəɨjk̚/
Li Rong	/t͡sᴀi/	/ʔɛk̚/
Wang Li	/t͡sɒi/	/æk̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/t͡sɑ̆i/	/ʔæk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zāi	e
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zoi¹	ak¹

Noun

災厄

(literary) disaster; calamity

Synonyms

亂兒 / 乱儿 (luànr) (dialectal)
人禍 / 人祸 (rénhuò) (man-made disaster)
劫 (jié) (Buddhism)
劫煞 (Hokkien)
劫難 / 劫难 (jiénàn)
厄 (literary, or in compounds)
大禍 / 大祸 (dàhuò) (major catastrophe)
大難 / 大难 (dànàn) (major catastrophe)
天災 / 天灾 (tiānzāi) (natural disaster)
央厄 (yāng'è) (literary)
奇禍 / 奇祸 (qíhuò) (literary, unexpected disaster)
巨禍 / 巨祸 (jùhuò) (literary)
患 (huàn) (literary, or in compounds)
慘事 / 惨事 (cǎnshì)
慘劇 / 惨剧 (cǎnjù)
慘禍 / 惨祸 (cǎnhuò) (tragic accident)
沙𧐔 (sua¹ sab⁴) (Teochew)
浩劫 (hàojié)
災 / 灾 (zāi) (literary, or in compounds)
災劫 / 灾劫 (zāijié) (literary)
災害 / 灾害 (zāihài)
災殃 / 灾殃 (zāiyāng)
災禍 / 灾祸 (zāihuò)
災變 / 灾变 (zāibiàn) (literary, natural disaster)
災難 / 灾难 (zāinàn)
癰疽 / 痈疽 (yōngjū) (figurative)
眚沴 (shěnglì) (literary)
禍 / 祸 (huò) (literary, or in compounds)
禍事 / 祸事 (huòshì)
禍害 / 祸害 (huòhài)
禍息 / 祸息 (ho⁵ si⁶) (Xiang)
禍患 / 祸患 (huòhuàn)
禍殃 / 祸殃 (huòyāng)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (災厄):

→ Japanese: 災厄(さいやく) (saiyaku)
→ Korean: 재액(災厄) (jaeaek)
→ Vietnamese: tai ách (災厄)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
災	厄
さい Grade: 5	やく Grade: S
on'yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) さいやく [sàíyákú] (Heiban – [0])^[1]
IPA^(key): [sa̠ija̠kɯ̟]

Noun

災(さい)厄(やく) • (saiyaku)

disaster; calamity
Synonyms: 災い, 災難

References

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
災	厄

Noun

災厄 • (jaeaek) (hangeul 재액)

hanja form^? of 재액 (“disaster; calamity”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
災	厄

Noun

災厄

chữ Hán form of tai ách (“disaster; calamity”)