劫

劫 (Kangxi radical 19, 力+5, 7 strokes, cangjie input 土戈大尸 (GIKS) or 難土戈大尸 (XGIKS), four-corner 4772₀, composition ⿰去力)

• 𬾆, 𠲵, 㤼, 𢬱, 𦛕, 䀷, 𦀖, 𫄦, 蜐, 𱘺, 𨦲, 𬐼, 𪘖, 𠄳, 𡝔, 䂲, 𪁍

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 146, character 30
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2316
• Dae Jaweon: page 331, character 3
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 367, character 12
• Unihan data for U+52AB

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kab, *kab): phonetic 去 (OC *kʰaʔ, *kʰas) + semantic 力 (“power, force”)

“(Buddhism) disaster”

short for 劫波 (jiébō), from Sanskrit कल्प (kalpa).

劫

1. to coerce; to compel; to threaten
2. to rob; to plunder; to take by force
3. (Buddhism) short for 劫波 (jiébō, “kalpa”)
   1. (hyperbolic) extremely long time
   2. (figurative, by extension) disaster; calamity; catastrophe

• (to coerce):

• (disaster):

Others:

• → Vietnamese: cướp

• “劫”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

1. intimidate
2. aeon, eon

• Go-on: こう (kō)^{←こふ (kofu, historical)}
• Kan-on: きょう (kyō)^{←けふ (kefu, historical)}
• Kan’yō-on: ごう (gō)^{←ごふ (gofu, historical)}
• Kun: おびやかす (obiyakasu, 劫かす)

/kopu/ → /kofu/ → */kowu/ → /koː/

From Middle Chinese 劫 (MC kjaep), short form of 劫波 (MC kjaep pa), itself a transliteration of Sanskrit कल्प (kalpa, “aeon”).

• (Tokyo) こー [kóꜜò] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]
• IPA^(key): [ko̞ː]

劫(こう) • (kō) ^{←こふ (kofu)?}

1. (Buddhism) kalpa: a unit of time in Buddhist cosmology

• 烏(い)賊(か)の甲(こう)より年(とし)の劫(こう) (ika no kō yori toshi no kō)
• 亀(かめ)の甲(こう)より年(とし)の劫(こう) (kame no kō yori toshi no kō)

• (Tokyo) こー [kòó] (Heiban – [0])^[1]
• (Tokyo) こー [kóꜜò] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]
• IPA^(key): [ko̞ː]

劫(こう) • (kō) ^{←こふ (kofu)?}

1. (go) a position in which two alternating stones can be captured and recaptured indefinitely

/ɡopu/ → /ɡofu/ → */ɡowu/ → /ɡoː/

Possibly a shift from kō above. (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

• (Tokyo) ごー [góꜜò] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [ɡo̞ː]

劫(ごう) • (gō) ^{←ごふ (gofu)?}

1. (Buddhism) kalpa: a unit of time in Buddhist cosmology

From Middle Chinese 劫 (MC kjaep). Recorded as Middle Korean 刼/겁〮 (kép) (Yale: kep) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Wikisource

劫 (eumhun 위협할 겁 (wihyeophal geop))

1. hanja form^? of 겁 (“coerce; threaten”) [affix]
2. hanja form^? of 겁 (“kalpa”) [noun]

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]

劫: Hán Nôm readings: kiếp

1. (Buddhism) kalpa