盤桓

Chinese

		dish; tray; to build dish; tray; to build; to check; to examine; to transfer; (a measure word used for dishes of food or coils of wire); to coil	surname; Sapindus mukurosi
trad. (盤桓)		盤	桓
simp. (盘桓)		盘	桓
alternative forms		槃桓磐桓

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): pánhuán

(Zhuyin): ㄆㄢˊ ㄏㄨㄢˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): pun⁴ wun⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: pánhuán
  - Zhuyin: ㄆㄢˊ ㄏㄨㄢˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: pánhuán
  - Wade–Giles: pʻan²-huan²
  - Yale: pán-hwán
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: parnhwan
  - Palladius: паньхуань (panʹxuanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰän³⁵ xu̯än³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: pun⁴ wun⁴
  - Yale: pùhn wùhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: pun⁴ wun⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: pun⁴ wun⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰuːn²¹ wuːn²¹/

Middle Chinese: ban hwan

Rime
Character	盤	桓
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	並 (3)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	桓 (62)	桓 (62)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Closed
Division (等)	I	I
Fanqie	薄官切	胡官切
Baxter	ban	hwan
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/buɑn/	/ɦuɑn/
Pan Wuyun	/bʷɑn/	/ɦʷɑn/
Shao Rongfen	/buɑn/	/ɣuɑn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/bwan/	/ɦwan/
Li Rong	/buɑn/	/ɣuɑn/
Wang Li	/buɑn/	/ɣuɑn/
Bernhard Karlgren	/bʱuɑn/	/ɣuɑn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	pán	huán
Expected Cantonese Reflex	pun⁴	wun⁴

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[b]ˤan [ɢ]ʷˤar/

(Zhengzhang): /*baːn ɡʷaːn/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	盤	桓
Reading #	1/1	1/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	pán	huán
Middle Chinese	‹ ban ›	‹ hwan ›
Old Chinese	/*[b]ˁan/	/*[ɢ]ʷˁar/
English	tray, basin	pillar; martial-looking
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	盤	桓
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	232	14004
Phonetic component	般	亘
Rime group	元	元
Rime subdivision	1	1
Corresponding MC rime	槃	桓
Old Chinese	/*baːn/	/*ɡʷaːn/
Notes	籀文槃

Verb

盤桓

to walk back and forth; to roam around
to spiral around; to circle around
to stay; to stop over
(figurative) to hesitate; to be indecisive

Synonyms

(to pace back and forth):

彷徨 (pánghuáng)
徘徊
盤旋 / 盘旋 (pánxuán)
走來走去 / 走来走去 (zǒuláizǒuqù)
踟躇 (chíchú)
踟躕 / 踟蹰 (chíchú)
躑躅 / 踯躅 (zhízhú)

(to stay):

停 (tíng)
停留 (tíngliú)
勾留 (gōuliú)
蹲 (figurative)
逗 (dòu)
逗留 (dòuliú)
逋留 (būliú) (literary)
駐 / 驻 (zhù) (literary, or in compounds)
駐留 / 驻留 (zhùliú)

(to hesitate):

反顧 / 反顾 (fǎngù) (literary)
彳亍 (chìchù) (literary, figurative)
彷徨 (pánghuáng) (figurative)
徘徊 (figurative)
拿不定主意 (nábùdìng zhǔyì)
游移 (yóuyí)
猶疑 / 犹疑 (yóuyí)
猶豫 / 犹豫 (yóuyù)
疑蟯 / 疑蛲 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
膩 / 腻 (nyi⁴) (Sichuanese)
踟躇 (chíchú)
踟躕 / 踟蹰 (chíchú)
躊躇 / 踌躇 (chóuchú)
巡巡 (xúnxún) (literary)
逡巡 (qūnxún) (literary)
遲疑 / 迟疑 (chíyí)

Adjective

盤桓

(Classical) large

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (盤桓):

→ Korean: 반환(盤桓) (banhwan)