祖先

Chinese

		ancestor; forefather; grandparents	early; prior; former early; prior; former; in advance; first
simp. and trad. (祖先)		祖	先
anagram		先祖

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zǔxiān

(Zhuyin): ㄗㄨˇ ㄒㄧㄢ
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): zou² sin¹

(Taishan, Wiktionary): du² lhen¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): chú-siên

(Hailu, HRS): zu^ˊ sien^ˋ
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): chó͘-sian

(Teochew, Peng'im): zou² soin¹ / zou² sain¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zǔxiān
  - Zhuyin: ㄗㄨˇ ㄒㄧㄢ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: zǔsian
  - Wade–Giles: tsu³-hsien¹
  - Yale: dzǔ-syān
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzuushian
  - Palladius: цзусянь (czusjanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡su²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: zou² sin¹
  - Yale: jóu sīn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzou² sin¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: zou² xin¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sou̯³⁵ siːn⁵⁵/
  - Homophones:
    ^edit
    ^edit
    早先
    祖先
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: du² lhen¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tu⁵⁵ ɬen³³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chú-siên
  - Hakka Romanization System: zu^ˋ xien^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: zu³ xian¹
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡su³¹ si̯en²⁴/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: zu^ˊ sien^ˋ
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡su²⁴⁻³³ sien⁵³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chó͘-sian
  - Tâi-lô: tsóo-sian
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zofsiefn
  - IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɛn⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ siɛn³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɛn⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡sɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɛn⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ siɛn⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: zou² soin¹ / zou² sain¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsóu soiⁿ / tsóu saiⁿ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sou⁵²⁻³⁵ sõĩ³³/, /t͡sou⁵²⁻³⁵ sãĩ³³/

Note: zou2 sain1 - Jieyang.

Noun

祖先

ancestors; forebears; forefathers; progenitor

Synonyms

edit

上輩 / 上辈 (shàngbèi)
上輩子 / 上辈子 (shàngbèizi)
先人 (xiānrén)
先代 (xiāndài) (literary)
先古 (xiāngǔ) (literary)
先君 (xiānjūn) (literary)
先祖 (xiānzǔ) (literary)
先輩 / 先辈 (xiānbèi)
公婆 (Hokkien)
公媽 / 公妈 (Puxian Min, Min Nan)
早勻 / 早匀 (Xiamen Hokkien)
父祖 (fùzǔ) (literary)
皇考 (huángkǎo) (archaic)
祖上 (zǔshàng)
祖公 (Puxian Min, Hokkien)
祖公媽 / 祖公妈 (Puxian Min)
祖宗 (zǔzōng)
老祖宗
老輩 / 老辈 (lǎobèi)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
祖	先
そ Grade: 5	せん Grade: 1
on'yomi

Alternative spelling
(kyūjitai)

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) そせん [sóꜜsèǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]
IPA^(key): [so̞sẽ̞ɴ]

Noun

祖(そ)先(せん) • (sosen)

ancestor

Synonyms

先祖(せんぞ) (senzo)

Antonyms

子孫(しそん) (shison): descendant, scion

References

^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
祖	先

Noun

祖先 • (joseon) (hangeul 조선)

hanja form^? of 조선 (“ancestor”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
祖	先

Noun

祖先

chữ Hán form of tổ tiên (“ancestor”)

[NHK-1] NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

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