先輩
See also: 先辈
Chinese
early; prior; former early; prior; former; in advance; first |
contemporaries; generation; lifetime | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (先輩) | 先 | 輩 | |
| simp. (先辈) | 先 | 辈 | |
| alternative forms | 賢拜／贤拜 Taiwanese Hokkien with Mandarin based spelling | ||
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): sin1 bui3
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): siên-phi / sên-pái
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): sian-pòe / siăn-pái
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 1shi-pe
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
- Hanyu Pinyin: xiānbèi
- Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄢ ㄅㄟˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: sianbèi
- Wade–Giles: hsien1-pei4
- Yale: syān-bèi
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shianbey
- Palladius: сяньбэй (sjanʹbɛj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ peɪ̯⁵¹/
- Homophones:
[Show/Hide] 先輩 / 先辈
仙貝 / 仙贝
- (Standard Chinese)
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: sin1 bui3
- Yale: sīn bui
- Cantonese Pinyin: sin1 bui3
- Guangdong Romanization: xin1 bui3
- Sinological IPA (key): /siːn⁵⁵ puːi̯³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: siên-phi / sên-pái
- Hakka Romanization System: xienˊ pi / senˊ baiˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: xian1 pi4 / sen1 bai3
- Sinological IPA: /si̯en²⁴⁻¹¹ pʰi⁵⁵/, /sen²⁴ pai̯³¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
Note: sên-pái - from Japanese pronunciation.
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sian-pòe
- Tâi-lô: sian-puè
- Phofsit Daibuun: sienpoex
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /siɛn⁴⁴⁻²² pue²¹/
- IPA (Taipei): /siɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ pue¹¹/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /siɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ pue²¹/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /siɛn³³ pue⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siăn-pái
- Tâi-lô: sia̋n-pái
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /siɛn³⁵ pai⁴¹/
- IPA (Taipei): /siɛn³⁵ pai⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
Note: siăn-pái - from Japanese pronunciation.
- Middle Chinese: sen pwojH
Noun
先輩
- older generation; senior; elder
- ancestor; predecessor
Synonyms
- (older generation):
- (ancestor):
- 上輩 / 上辈 (shàngbèi)
- 上輩子 / 上辈子 (shàngbèizi)
- 先人 (xiānrén)
- 先代 (xiāndài) (literary)
- 先古 (xiāngǔ) (literary)
- 先君 (xiānjūn) (literary)
- 先祖 (xiānzǔ) (literary)
- 公婆 (Hokkien)
- 公媽 / 公妈 (Puxian Min, Min Nan)
- 早勻 / 早匀 (Xiamen Hokkien)
- 父祖 (fùzǔ) (literary)
- 皇考 (huángkǎo) (archaic)
- 祖上 (zǔshàng)
- 祖先 (zǔxiān)
- 祖公 (Puxian Min, Hokkien)
- 祖公媽 / 祖公妈 (Puxian Min)
- 祖宗 (zǔzōng)
- 老祖宗
- 老輩 / 老辈 (lǎobèi)
Antonyms
- (antonym(s) of “older generation”):
Descendants
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 先 | 輩 |
| せん Grade: 1 |
はい > ぱい Grade: S |
| on'yomi | |
Alternative forms
- (slang) パイセン (paisen)
Etymology
From Middle Chinese 先輩 (MC sen pwojH). Doublet of ソンベ (sonbe).
Pronunciation
Noun
先輩 • (senpai)
- a person who entered one’s school earlier
- an upperclassman
- an older alumnus (graduate) of one’s school
- a person who entered one’s workplace earlier; a senior; one who has seniority
- an elder (one who is older)
- a person who is higher in social standing or level of education, skill, or experience; a superior
Usage notes
Can be used after a person’s name as an honorific.
Coordinate terms
Derived terms
- 先輩面 (senpaizura)
Related terms
- 先生 (sensei)
Descendants
References
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
Korean
| Hanja in this term | |
|---|---|
| 先 | 輩 |
Noun
先輩 • (seonbae) (hangeul 선배)
- hanja form? of 선배 (“a senior or elder in an organization; an upperclassman”)