箴言

Chinese

		warn	to speak; to say; talk to speak; to say; talk; word
trad. (箴言)		箴	言
simp. ^#(箴言)		箴	言

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zhēnyán

(Zhuyin): ㄓㄣㄧㄢˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zam¹ jin⁴
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chṳ̂m-ngièn / chṳ̂m-ngiàn
Eastern Min (BUC): cĭng-ngiòng
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): zing¹ ngoeng² / zing¹ ngyng²
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): chim-giân / cherm-giân / chom-gân

(Teochew, Peng'im): zim¹ ngang⁵

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zhēnyán
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄣㄧㄢˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jhenyán
  - Wade–Giles: chên¹-yen²
  - Yale: jēn-yán
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jenyan
  - Palladius: чжэньянь (čžɛnʹjanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂən⁵⁵ jɛn³⁵/
  - Homophones:
    [Show/Hide]
    ^edit
    ^edit
    真言
    箴言
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: zam¹ jin⁴
  - Yale: jām yìhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzam¹ jin⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: zem¹ yin⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɐm⁵⁵ jiːn²¹/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chṳ̂m-ngièn
  - Hakka Romanization System: ziim^ˊ ngien^ˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: zim¹ ngian²
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sɨm²⁴ ŋi̯en¹¹/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chṳ̂m-ngiàn
  - Hakka Romanization System: ziim^ˊ ngian^ˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: zim¹ ngian²
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sɨm²⁴ ŋi̯an¹¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: cĭng-ngiòng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siŋ⁵⁵ ŋyoŋ⁵³/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: zing¹ ngoeng² [Phonetic: zing⁵ ngoeng²]
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: cing-ngé̤ng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siŋ⁵³³⁻¹¹ ŋœŋ¹³/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: zing¹ ngyng² [Phonetic: zing⁵ ngyng²]
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siŋ⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ ŋyŋ²⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chim-giân
  - Tâi-lô: tsim-giân
  - Phofsit Daibuun: cimgieen
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡sim⁴⁴⁻³³ ɡiɛn²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sim⁴⁴⁻³³ ɡiɛn²³/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sim⁴⁴⁻²² ɡiɛn²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cherm-giân
  - Tâi-lô: tserm-giân
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡səm³³ ɡiɛn²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chom-gân
  - Tâi-lô: tsom-gân
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zomgaan
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sɔm⁴⁴⁻²² ɡan¹³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: zim¹ ngang⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsim ngâng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sim³³⁻²³ ŋaŋ⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: tsyim ngjon

Rime
Character	箴	言
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	章 (23)	疑 (31)
Final (韻)	侵 (139)	元 (65)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	職深切	語軒切
Baxter	tsyim	ngjon
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕiɪm/	/ŋɨɐn/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕim/	/ŋiɐn/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕjem/	/ŋiɐn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/cim/	/ŋɨan/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕiəm/	/ŋiɐn/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕĭĕm/	/ŋĭɐn/
Bernhard Karlgren	/t͡ɕi̯əm/	/ŋɨ̯ɐn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhēn	yán
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zam¹	jin⁴

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*t.[k]əm ŋa[n]/

(Zhengzhang): /*kjɯm ŋan/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	箴	言
Reading #	1/1	3/4
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhēn	yán
Middle Chinese	‹ tsyim ›	‹ ngjon ›
Old Chinese	/*t.[k]əm/	/*ŋa[n]/
English	needle	speak; speech
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	箴	言
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	13527	14271
Phonetic component	咸	言
Rime group	侵	元
Rime subdivision	3	1
Corresponding MC rime	斟	言
Old Chinese	/*kjɯm/	/*ŋan/

Noun

箴言

admonition; exhortation; maxim
德爾斐箴言／德尔斐箴言 ― Dé'ěrfěi zhēnyán ― The Delphic maxims

Proper noun

箴言

Proverbs

Synonyms

Terms for Proverbs in different branches of Christianity

Branch	Names	Abbreviations edit
Protestant	箴言	箴
Roman Catholic	箴言	箴
Eastern Orthodox	索洛蒙箴言

Derived terms

基督教科學箴言報 / 基督教科学箴言报
索洛蒙箴言

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (箴言):

→ Japanese: 箴言(しんげん) (shingen)
→ Korean: 잠언(箴言) (jameon)
→ Vietnamese: châm ngôn (箴言)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
箴	言
しん Hyōgai	げん Grade: 2
on'yomi

Etymology

From Middle Chinese compound 箴言 (tsyim + ngjon, literally “admonish + speech”).

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) しんげん [shìńgéń] (Heiban – [0])^[1]^[2]
IPA^(key): [ɕĩŋɡẽ̞ɴ]

Noun

箴(しん)言(げん) • (shingen)

proverb

Synonyms

諺(ことわざ) (kotowaza)

Proper noun

箴(しん)言(げん) • (Shingen)

Proverbs

References

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
箴	言

Noun

箴言 • (jameon) (hangeul 잠언)

hanja form^? of 잠언 (“proverb”)

Proper noun

箴言 • (Jameon) (hangeul 잠언)

hanja form^? of 잠언 (“Proverbs”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
箴	言

Noun

箴言

chữ Hán form of châm ngôn (“maxim; proverb; dictum; saying; motto; slogan”)

[DJR-1] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-2] NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

[1]

[2]