脈

See also: 脉
脈 U+8108, 脈
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8108
← 脇
[U+8107] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 脉 →
[U+8109]

Translingual

Han character

脈 (Kangxi radical 130, 肉+6, 10 strokes, cangjie input 月竹竹女 (BHHV), four-corner 72232, composition ⿰月𠂢)

Derived characters

  • 𱗦, 霢, 𪃻

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 982, character 5
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29470
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1434, character 10
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2068, character 9
  • Unihan data for U+8108

Chinese

trad. 脈/脉
simp. 脉
alternative forms 衇

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (派) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
庍 *qʰɯns, *mpreːɡs
派 *m̥ʰreːɡs
脈 *mreːɡ
脉 *mreːɡ
衇 *mreːɡ
眽 *mreːɡ
覛 *mreːɡ, *meːɡ
霢 *mreːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *mreːɡ): semantic ⺼ (“flesh”) + phonetic 𠂢 (pài).

Etymology

Here are some proposals:

  • Schuessler (2007) reconstructs 脈 (OC *mrêk) (← *mer-k or rather *mər-k), proposes its cognacy to Mizo mar (“pulse, pulse's beating”) and a Sino-Tibetan origin for both.
  • Baxter & Sagart (2014) relate 脈 (OC *C.m'<r>[i]k, “vein”) to 淢 (OC *m̥(r)ik, “rapid stream”) ~ 洫 (OC *m̥(r)ik, “ditch, moat”).
    • They additionally relate 脈 (OC *C.m'<r>[i]k, “vein”) to 血 (OC *m̥ˤik, “blood”), yet Schuessler (2019) criticizes Baxter & Sagart for "phonetic over-interpretation of graphs" to reconstruct Old Chinese pronunciation *m̥ˤik for 血 and for confusing etymological link with mental association between "blood" and "vein".

Pronunciation

Note: mò - also used in Mainland in 脈脈.
Note:
  • măh - vernacular;
  • mĕk - literary.
Note:
Note:
  • me̍h/be̍h/me̍eh - vernacular (“blood vessels; pulse”);
  • bia̍k/be̍k - literary.
Rime
Character 脈
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 明 (4)
Final (韻) 麥 (119)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) II
Fanqie 莫獲切
Baxter meak
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/mˠɛk̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/mᵚæk̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/mɐk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/məɨjk̚/
Li
Rong 		/mɛk̚/
Wang
Li 		/mæk̚/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/mæk̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		mò
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		mak6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 脈
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		mài
Middle
Chinese 		‹ mɛk ›
Old
Chinese 		/*C.mˁ<r>[i]k/
English vein

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 脈
Reading # 1/1
No. 9642
Phonetic
component 		派
Rime
group 		錫
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		麥
Old
Chinese 		/*mreːɡ/
Notes 同衇，原依說文從血在右，
注此或體

Definitions

脈

  1. (traditional Chinese medicine) blood vessels; veins and arteries
  2. (traditional Chinese medicine) pulse
  3. vein of a leaf
  4. something linking up to form a blood vessel-like network, such as mountain ranges

Compounds

References

  • “脈”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
  • 李如龙 [Li, Ru-long], 刘福铸 [Liu, Fu-zhu], 吴华英 [Wu, Hua-ying], 黄国城 [Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019) “脉”, in 莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 267.

Japanese

Shinjitai 脈
Kyūjitai
[1]
脈󠄂
脈+&#xE0102;?
(Adobe-Japan1)
脈󠄄
脈+&#xE0104;?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
See here for details.

Kanji

脈

(Fifth grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. pulse

Readings

  • Go-on: みゃく (myaku, Jōyō)←みやく (myaku, historical)
  • Kan-on: ばく (baku)
  • Kun: すじ (suji, 脈)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
脈
みゃく
Grade: 5
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 脈 (MC meak).

Pronunciation

  • (Tokyo) みゃく [myàkúꜜ] (Odaka – [2])[2]
  • IPA(key): [mʲa̠kɯ̟]

Noun

脈(みゃく) • (myaku) ←みやく (myaku)?

  1. pulse
  2. chain of mountains
    山(さん)脈(みゃく)
    sanmyaku
    mountain range
  3. blood vessels
  4. hope
    彼(かれ)はまだ脈(みゃく)がある
    kare wa mada myaku ga aru
    he still has some hope

References

  1. ^ Haga, Gōtarō (1914) 漢和大辞書 [The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tōkyō: Kōbunsha, →DOI, page 1753 (paper), page 928 (digital)
  2. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 脈 (MC meak). Recorded as Middle Korean 脉/ᄆᆡᆨ〮 (móyk) (Yale: moyk) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Wikisource

脈 (eumhun 줄기 맥 (julgi maek))

  1. hanja form? of 맥 (“vein”)
  2. hanja form? of 맥 (“pulse”)

Compounds

References

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]

Vietnamese

Han character

脈: Hán Nôm readings: mạch

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is available under Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.