諳

See also: 谙

諳	U+8AF3, 諳 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8AF3

← 諲
[U+8AF2]

CJK Unified Ideographs

諴 →
[U+8AF4]

Translingual

Han character

諳 (Kangxi radical 149, 言+9, 16 strokes, cangjie input 卜口卜廿日 (YRYTA), four-corner 0066₁, composition ⿰訁音)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1171, character 12
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 35736
Dae Jaweon: page 1636, character 19
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4000, character 19
Unihan data for U+8AF3

Chinese

trad.		諳
simp.		谙
alternative forms		闇／暗

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 諳
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (音) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
諳	*qɯːm
腤	*qɯːm
嬜	qɯːm, qʰaːm, *qʰrɯm
喑	qɯːm, qrɯm, *qrɯms
揞	qɯːmʔ, qrɯːms
隌	qɯːmʔ, qrɯm
罯	qɯːmʔ, qɯːb
暗	*qɯːms
闇	*qɯːms
黯	qrɯːm, qrɯːmʔ
歆	*qʰrɯm
愔	*qɯm
韾	*qɯm
音	*qrɯm
瘖	*qrɯm
窨	*qrɯms
湆	*kʰrɯb

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *qɯːm): semantic 言 (“speech”) + phonetic 音 (OC *qrɯm).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): ān (an¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄢ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): ngan²
Cantonese (Jyutping): am¹ / am²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: ān
  - Zhuyin: ㄢ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: an
  - Wade–Giles: an¹
  - Yale: ān
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: an
  - Palladius: ань (anʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ˀän⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: ngan²
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: ngan
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋan²¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: am¹ / am²
  - Yale: ām / ám
  - Cantonese Pinyin: am¹ / am²
  - Guangdong Romanization: em¹ / em²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɐm⁵⁵/, /ɐm³⁵/

Note: The zero initial /∅-/ is commonly pronounced with a ng-initial /ŋ-/ in some varieties of Cantonese, including Hong Kong Cantonese.

Middle Chinese: 'om

Rime
Character	諳
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	影 (34)
Final (韻)	覃 (159)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	烏含切
Baxter	'om
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔʌm/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔəm/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔɒm/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔəm/
Li Rong	/ʔᴀm/
Wang Li	/ɒm/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ʔăm/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	ān
Expected Cantonese Reflex	am¹

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*qɯːm/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	諳
Reading #	1/1
No.	15206
Phonetic component	音
Rime group	侵
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime
Old Chinese	/*qɯːm/

Definitions

諳

to learn by heart
to be well versed in, to know well; to be familiar with; to be fully acquainted with
他深諳著我們國家的底層社會。 [MSC, trad.]
他深谙着我们国家的底层社会。 [MSC, simp.]
Tā shēn ān zhe wǒmen guójiā de dǐcéng shèhuì. [Pinyin]
He has a deep understanding of the underclass of our country.
(Sichuanese) to think, to believe

Compounds

不諳 / 不谙
不諳事務 / 不谙事务
熟諳 / 熟谙 (shú'ān)
知音諳呂 / 知音谙吕
言不諳典 / 言不谙典
諳事 / 谙事
諳分 / 谙分
諳歷 / 谙历
諳練 / 谙练 (ānliàn)
諳習 / 谙习 (ānxí)

References

“諳”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

諳

(Hyōgai kanji)

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Readings

Go-on: おん (on)
Kan-on: あん (an)
Kun: そらんじる (soranjiru, 諳んじる)

Korean

Hanja

諳 • (am) (hangeul 암)

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Vietnamese

Han character

諳: Hán Nôm readings: am

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