買賣

See also: 买卖 and 売買

Chinese

	buy	sell
trad. (買賣)	買	賣
simp. (买卖)	买	卖
anagram	賣買／卖买

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): mǎimài

(Zhuyin): ㄇㄞˇ ㄇㄞˋ

(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): мэмэ (meme, I-I)
Cantonese (Jyutping): maai⁵ maai⁶
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): mâi-mai
Jin (Wiktionary): mai² mai³
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): bóe-bōe / bé-bē / bóe-bǒe / mái-māi

(Teochew, Peng'im): bhoi² bhoi⁷
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶ma-ma

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: mǎimài → mǎimai (toneless final syllable variant)
  - Zhuyin: ㄇㄞˇ ㄇㄞˋ → ㄇㄞˇ ˙ㄇㄞ (toneless final syllable variant)
  - Tongyong Pinyin: mǎimåi
  - Wade–Giles: mai³-mai⁵
  - Yale: mǎi-mai
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mae.may
  - Palladius: маймай (majmaj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /maɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ maɪ̯⁵¹/ → /maɪ̯²¹⁴ maɪ̯⁴/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: мэмэ (meme, I-I)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mɛ²⁴ mɛ²⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: maai⁵ maai⁶
  - Yale: máaih maaih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: maai⁵ maai⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: mai⁵ mai⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /maːi̯¹³ maːi̯²²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: mâi-mai
  - Hakka Romanization System: mai^ˊ mai
  - Hagfa Pinyim: mai¹ mai⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /mai̯²⁴⁻¹¹ mai̯⁵⁵/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: mai² mai³
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /mai⁵³ mai⁴⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei, Sanxia, Kinmen, Magong, Hsinchu)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bóe-bōe
  - Tâi-lô: bué-buē
  - Phofsit Daibuun: boefboe
  - IPA (Xiamen): /bue⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bue²²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /bue⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bue³³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /bue⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ bue⁴¹/
  - IPA (Kinmen): /bue⁵³⁻²⁴ bue²²/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan, Taichung)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bé-bē
  - Tâi-lô: bé-bē
  - Phofsit Daibuun: befbe
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ be²²/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /be⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ be³³/
  - IPA (Tainan, Yilan): /be⁵³⁻⁵⁵ be³³/
- (Hokkien: Lukang)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bóe-bǒe
  - Tâi-lô: bué-buě
  - IPA (Lukang): /bue⁵⁵⁻³⁵ bue³³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: mái-māi
  - Tâi-lô: mái-māi
  - Phofsit Daibuun: maymai
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /mãi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ mãi²²/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /mãi⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ mãi³³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /mãi⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ mãi⁴¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /mãi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ mãi³³/

Note:

bóe-bōe/bé-bē/bóe-bǒe - vernacular;
mái-māi - literary.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: bhoi² bhoi⁷
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: bói bōi
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /boi⁵²⁻³⁵ boi¹¹/

Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶ma-ma
  - MiniDict: ma^去 ma
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³ma-ma
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ma²² ma⁴⁴/

Middle Chinese: meaX meaH

Rime
Character	買	賣
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	明 (4)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	佳 (31)	佳 (31)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	II	II
Fanqie	莫蟹切	莫懈切
Baxter	meaX	meaH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/mˠɛ^X/	/mˠɛ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/mᵚæ^X/	/mᵚæ^H/
Shao Rongfen	/mæi^X/	/mæi^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/maɨj^X/	/maɨj^H/
Li Rong	/mɛ^X/	/mɛ^H/
Wang Li	/mai^X/	/mai^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/mai^X/	/mai^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	mǎi	mài
Expected Cantonese Reflex	maai⁵	maai⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*mˤrajʔ mˤrajʔ-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*mreːʔ mreːs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	買	賣
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	mǎi	mài
Middle Chinese	‹ mea^X ›	‹ mea^H ›
Old Chinese	/*mˁrajʔ/	/*mˁrajʔ-s/
English	buy	sell
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	買	賣
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	8727	8731
Phonetic component	買	買
Rime group	支	支
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	買	賣
Old Chinese	/*mreːʔ/	/*mreːs/

Noun

買賣

buying and selling; business
- after 1795, 李洙 (Lǐ Zhū) [Lee Soo] et al., chapter 76, in 重刊老乞大諺解 / 重刊老乞大谚解 (Chóngkān Lǎoqǐdà Yànjiě) [Reprinted Nogeoldae, with Korean Interpretation]‎^{Ogura Coll. Asami Coll.}, volume 2, page 65:
  有賣的好弓麽我店内若没有好弓做甚麽買賣
  ᄋᆛ매디ᄒᅶ궁마 오뎐늬ᅀᅭ무ᄋᆛᄒᅶ궁 주셔마매매
  'iu mai di hao guq ma; 'o dien nyi zio mu 'iu hao guq; ju sie ma mai mai
  이ᇢ매디ᇹ하ᇢ귱뭐 ᅌᅥ뎜뉘ᅀᅣᇦ무ᇹ이ᇢ하ᇢ귱 주씸뭐매매
  'iw mai dix haw giuq mue; qe diem nui ziav mux 'iw haw giuq; ju ssim mue mai mai
  "Do you sell good bows?" "If my store did not have good bows, how could I do business?"
transaction; deal
shop

Synonyms

(buying and selling):

edit

交易 (jiāoyì)
商務 / 商务 (shāngwù)
商業 / 商业 (shāngyè)
業務 / 业务 (yèwù)
生意
生理 (shēnglǐ) (literary or Hakka, Min)

Dialectal synonyms of 生意 (“business; trade”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		生意, 買賣
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	買賣
	Taiwan	生意
	Harbin	買賣
	Malaysia	生意
	Singapore	生意
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	買兒賣兒, 買賣, 生意
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai (Muping)	買賣, 生意
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	買賣, 生意
	Wanrong	買賣, 生意
	Xi'an	買賣, 生意
	Xining	生意, 買賣
	Xuzhou	生意, 買賣
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	生意, 買賣
	Lanzhou	買賣, 生意
	Ürümqi	買賣, 生意
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	生意, 買賣
	Wuhan	生意買賣, 生意, 買賣
	Guiyang	生意, 買賣
	Kunming	生意
	Guilin	生意
	Liuzhou	生意, 買賣
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	生意
	Yangzhou	生意
	Hefei	生意
Cantonese	Guangzhou	生意
	Hong Kong	生意
	Macau	生意
	Dongguan	生意
	Yangjiang	生意
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	生意
	Singapore (Guangfu)	生意
Gan	Nanchang	生意
	Lichuan	生意
	Pingxiang	生意
Hakka	Meixian	生理
	Wuhua (Shuizhai)	生理
	Wuhua (Huacheng)	生理
	Wuhua (Changbu)	生理
	Wuhua (Mianyang)	生理
	Jiexi	生理
	Luhe	生理
	Yudu	生意
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	生理
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	生理
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	生理
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	生理
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	生理
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	生理
Huizhou	Jixi	生意
Jin	Taiyuan	生意, 買賣
Jin	Xinzhou	生意, 買賣
Northern Min	Jian'ou	生意
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	生意, 生理
Southern Min	Xiamen	生理
	Xiamen (Tong'an)	生理
	Quanzhou	生理
	Yongchun	生理
	Zhangzhou	生理
	Zhangzhou (Changtai)	生理
	Zhao'an	生理
	Dongshan	生理
	Taipei	生理, 買賣
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	生理, 買賣
	Kaohsiung	生理, 買賣
	Yilan	生理, 買賣
	Changhua (Lukang)	生理, 買賣
	Taichung	生理, 買賣
	Tainan	生理, 買賣
	Hsinchu	生理, 買賣
	Kinmen	生理, 買賣
	Penghu (Magong)	生理, 買賣
	Penang (Hokkien)	生理
	Singapore (Hokkien)	生理
	Manila (Hokkien)	生理
	Longyan	生理
	Chaozhou	生理
	Raoping	生理
	Shantou	生理
	Shantou (Chenghai)	生理
	Jieyang	生理
	Haifeng	生理
	Phnom Penh (Teochew)	生理
	Singapore (Teochew)	生理
	Leizhou	商意
	Wenchang	生意
	Haikou	生意
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)	生意
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	生意, 買賣
Wu	Shanghai	生意, 買賣
	Shanghai (Chongming)	生意
	Suzhou	生意
	Danyang	生意
	Hangzhou	生意
	Ningbo	生意
	Wenzhou	生意
	Jinhua	生意
Xiang	Changsha	生意
	Loudi	生意, 買賣
	Shuangfeng	生意

(transaction): 交易 (jiāoyì)
(shop):

edit

商店 (shāngdiàn)
商鋪 / 商铺 (shāngpù)
店 (diàn)
店鋪 / 店铺 (diànpù)
肆 (sì) (literary, or in compounds)
鋪子 / 铺子 (pùzi)
門店 / 门店 (méndiàn)
門臉 / 门脸 (ménliǎn) (colloquial)

Derived terms

一錘子買賣 / 一锤子买卖 (yī chuízi mǎimai)
上門的買賣好做 / 上门的买卖好做
上門買賣 / 上门买卖
做買賣 / 做买卖 (zuò mǎimài)
好買賣 / 好买卖
小本買賣 / 小本买卖
小買賣 / 小买卖
折本買賣 / 折本买卖
投機買賣 / 投机买卖
拉買賣 / 拉买卖
沒本錢買賣 / 没本钱买卖
私房買賣 / 私房买卖
苦買賣 / 苦买卖
買賣三兒 / 买卖三儿
買賣不成仁義在 / 买卖不成仁义在
買賣人 / 买卖人 (mǎimàirén)
買賣人口 / 买卖人口
買賣城 / 买卖城
買賣場 / 买卖场
買賣婚姻 / 买卖婚姻
買賣業 / 买卖业
買賣經 / 买卖经
賠本買賣 / 赔本买卖
跑買賣 / 跑买卖
過路買賣 / 过路买卖

Related terms

貿易／贸易 (màoyì)