鍤

See also: 锸

鍤	U+9364, 鍤 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9364

← 鍣
[U+9363]

CJK Unified Ideographs

鍥 →
[U+9365]

Translingual

Han character

鍤 (Kangxi radical 167, 金+9, 17 strokes, cangjie input 金竹十難 (CHJX), four-corner 8117₇, composition ⿰釒臿)

spade, shovel
marking pin

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1314, character 18
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40634
Dae Jaweon: page 1815, character 4
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4231, character 14
Unihan data for U+9364

Chinese

trad.		鍤
simp.		锸
2nd round simp.		⿻千日
alternative forms		臿插

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (臿) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
偛	*ʔsreːb
插	*sʰreːb
鍤	sʰreːb, r̥ʰeb
臿	*sʰreːb
喢	sʰreːb, sreːb, sreb, l̥ʰjeb
牐	*zreːb
歃	sreːb, sreb
敮	*hreːb

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): chā (cha¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄔㄚ
Cantonese (Jyutping): caap³

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: chā
  - Zhuyin: ㄔㄚ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: cha
  - Wade–Giles: chʻa¹
  - Yale: chā
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: cha
  - Palladius: ча (ča)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰä⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: caap³
  - Yale: chaap
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsaap⁸
  - Guangdong Romanization: cab³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰaːp̚³/

Middle Chinese: tsrheap

Rime
Character	鍤
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	初 (19)
Final (韻)	洽 (152)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	楚洽切
Baxter	tsrheap
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ʃʰˠɛp̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ʈ͡ʂʰᵚæp̚/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ʃʰɐp̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʈ͡ʂʰəɨp̚/
Li Rong	/t͡ʃʰɐp̚/
Wang Li	/t͡ʃʰɐp̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ʈ͡ʂʰăp̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	cha
Expected Cantonese Reflex	caap³

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*sʰreːb/, /*r̥ʰeb/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	鍤	鍤
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	1191	1198
Phonetic component	臿	臿
Rime group	盍	盍
Rime subdivision	2	2
Corresponding MC rime	插	锸
Old Chinese	/*sʰreːb/	/*r̥ʰeb/

Definitions

鍤

(literary) spade; shovel

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 鏟子 (“shovel; spade”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		鍤
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		鏟子, 鐵鍬
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	鏟子
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	鏟子
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	鏟鏟
	Wuhan	鏟子
	Guiyang	鏟鏟
	Liuzhou	鐵鏟
Jianghuai Mandarin	Yangzhou	鏟子
Cantonese	Guangzhou	鐵鏟
	Hong Kong	鏟
	Dongguan	鐵鏟
Gan	Nanchang	鏟子
Gan	Lichuan	鏟子
Hakka	Meixian	鐵鏟
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	砂撩
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	撩鏟, 圓筆, 砂撩
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	砂撩
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	砂撩
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	砂撩
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	鉛筆
Jin	Taiyuan	鏟子
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	鏟
Southern Min	Xiamen	拓仔, 鎙仔
	Zhangzhou	拓仔, 塗挑
	Taipei	沙挑, 尖挑
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	沙挑
	Kaohsiung	鉛筆
	Yilan	沙挑
	Changhua (Lukang)	鉛筆仔
	Taichung	塗鍤
	Tainan	塗挑
	Hsinchu	沙挑
	Kinmen	拓仔, 鎙
	Penghu (Magong)	拓仔
	Shantou	鐵鏟
	Haikou	鐵鏟, 鏟
Wu	Danyang	鏟子
Xiang	Changsha	鏟子, 洋鏟
Xiang	Loudi	鏟子

Japanese

Kanji

鍤

(Hyōgai kanji)

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Readings

On (unclassified): そう (sō)、しょう (shō)、ちょう (chō)
Kun: すき (suki)

Korean

Hanja

鍤 • (sap) (hangeul 삽, revised sap, McCune–Reischauer sap, Yale sap)

(가래 삽): spade, shovel

Synonyms

See also

鋤 (호미 서): hoe (short-handled, single-handed)
鉏 (호미 서): hoe (short-handled, single-handed)
錤 (호미 기): hoe (short-handled, single-handed)
鎡 (호미 자): hoe (short-handled, single-handed)
鎒 (호미 호): hoe (short-handled, single-handed)
钁 (괭이 곽): hoe (long-handled, two-handed)
钃 (괭이/호미 촉): hoe (long- or short-handled)