黎民
Chinese
| surname; black; Lebanon (abbrev.) | the people; nationality; citizen | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (黎民) | 黎 | 民 | |
| simp. #(黎民) | 黎 | 民 | |
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): lai4 man4
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): le2 ming2
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): lê-bîn
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: límín
- Zhuyin: ㄌㄧˊ ㄇㄧㄣˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: límín
- Wade–Giles: li2-min2
- Yale: lí-mín
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: limin
- Palladius: лиминь (liminʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /li³⁵ min³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: lai4 man4
- Yale: làih màhn
- Cantonese Pinyin: lai4 man4
- Guangdong Romanization: lei4 men4
- Sinological IPA (key): /lɐi̯²¹ mɐn²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Puxian Min
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: le2 ming2 [Phonetic: le5 ming2]
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: lá̤-míng
- Sinological IPA (key): /le¹³⁻¹¹ miŋ¹³/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: le2 ming2 [Phonetic: le5 ming2]
- Sinological IPA (key): /le²⁴⁻²¹ miŋ²⁴/
- (Putian)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lê-bîn
- Tâi-lô: lê-bîn
- Phofsit Daibuun: le'biin
- IPA (Xiamen): /le²⁴⁻²² bin²⁴/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /le²⁴⁻²² bin²⁴/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /le¹³⁻²² bin¹³/
- IPA (Taipei): /le²⁴⁻¹¹ bin²⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /le²³⁻³³ bin²³/
- (Hokkien)
- Middle Chinese: lej mjin
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[r]ˤij|[r]ˤij mi[ŋ]/
- (Zhengzhang): /*riːl min/
Noun
黎民
- (literary) the common people; commoners; the masses
- 太康尸位，以逸豫滅厥德，黎民咸貳。 [Traditional Chinese poetry, trad.]
- From: Forged Old Text of the Book of Documents, circa 3rd – 4th century CE
- Tàikāng shīwèi, yǐ yìyù miè jué dé, límín xián èr. [Pinyin]
- Tai Kang who held his position without doing anything lived happily and comfortably instead of being moral. All commoners were disloyal.
太康尸位，以逸豫灭厥德，黎民咸贰。 [Traditional Chinese poetry, simp.]
Synonyms
- 一般人 (yībānrén)
- 世人 (shìrén)
- 世間人 / 世间人 (Hokkien)
- 人士 (rénshì) (literary)
- 人民 (rénmín)
- 人群 (rénqún)
- 人萌 (rénméng) (literary)
- 俗人 (súrén)
- 俗子 (súzǐ) (literary)
- 𫣆人 (Hakka)
- 兆民 (zhàomín) (archaic)
- 公眾 / 公众 (gōngzhòng)
- 凡人 (fánrén)
- 凡夫 (fánfū) (literary)
- 匹夫 (pǐfū) (literary)
- 四眾人 / 四众人 (si3 zing3 nang5) (Teochew)
- 士人 (shìrén) (archaic)
- 大眾 / 大众 (dàzhòng)
- 子民 (zǐmín) (historical)
- 家人 (jiārén) (archaic)
- 布衣 (bùyī) (historical)
- 常人 (chángrén)
- 平人 (píngrén) (literary)
- 平常人 (píngchángrén)
- 平民 (píngmín)
- 庶人 (shùrén) (literary)
- 庶民 (shùmín) (literary)
- 斯人 (sīrén) (Classical Chinese)
- 普通人 (pǔtōngrén)
- 民人 (mínrén) (literary)
- 民眾 / 民众 (mínzhòng)
- 烝民 (zhēngmín) (literary)
- 烝黎 (zhēnglí) (Classical Chinese)
- 白衣 (báiyī) (historical)
- 白衣人 (báiyīrén) (historical)
- 白身 (báishēn) (archaic)
- 白身人 (báishēnrén) (archaic)
- 百姓
- 眾人 / 众人 (zhòngrén) (literary)
- 萬姓 / 万姓 (wànxìng) (archaic)
- 群眾 / 群众 (qúnzhòng)
- 老百姓 (lǎobǎixìng)
- 良人 (liángrén) (literary)
- 草民 (cǎomín) (the worthless ordinary people)
- 草菅 (cǎojiān) (Classical Chinese, figurative)
- 草野 (cǎoyě) (literary, figurative)
- 萌 (literary)
- 野人 (yěrén) (archaic)
- 黎庶 (líshù) (literary)
- 黎首 (líshǒu) (archaic)
- 黔首 (qiánshǒu) (archaic)
- 黔黎 (archaic)
Descendants
References
- 東方孝義 (TŌHŌ Takayoshi) (1931) “黎民”, in 臺日新辭書 [New Taiwanese–Japanese dictionary] (overall work in Hokkien and Japanese), Taihoku: 臺灣警察協會, page 953
- 小川尚義 (OGAWA Naoyoshi), editor (1931–1932), “黎民”, in 臺日大辭典 [Taiwanese-Japanese Dictionary][1] (overall work in Hokkien and Japanese), Taihoku: Government-General of Taiwan, →OCLC
→ Vietnamese: dân đen (calque)
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 黎 | 民 |
| れい Jinmeiyō |
みん Grade: 4 |
| on'yomi | |
Pronunciation
Noun
黎民 • (reimin)
References
Korean
| Hanja in this term | |
|---|---|
| 黎 | 民 |
Noun
黎民 • (yeomin) (hangeul 여민)
Noun
黎民 • (ryeomin) (hangeul 려민)