Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/burstiz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From earlier *bʰurstís, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰr̥s-tí-s, from *bʰers- (“top, point”). Cognate with Latin fastīgō (“to sharpen to a point”),^[1] Sanskrit भृष्टि (bhṛṣṭí, “spike, point”).^[2]

Noun

*burstiz f

bristle

Inflection

Declension of *burstiz (i-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*burstiz	*burstīz
vocative	*bursti	*burstīz
accusative	*burstį	*burstinz
genitive	*burstīz	*burstijǫ̂
dative	*burstī	*burstimaz
instrumental	*burstī	*burstimiz

Derived terms

*burstilaz
- Proto-West Germanic: *burstil

Related terms

*bar(z)az

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *bursti
- Old English: byrst
  - Middle English: brust
  - ⇒ Old English: *byrstel
    - Middle English: brustel, bristil, bristel
      - English: bristle
      - Scots: brustle, bristle, brissle
- Old Frisian: *berst, *borst
  - ⇒ Old Frisian: *berstel, *borstel
    - Saterland Frisian: Bäärsel
    - West Frisian: boarstel
- Old Saxon: *burst
  - ⇒ Old Saxon: *burstil
    - Middle Low German: borstel
      - German Low German: Bössel
      - Plautdietsch: Borschtel
- Old Dutch: *burst
  - ⇒ Old Dutch: *burstil
    - Middle Dutch: burstele, borstele
      - Dutch: borstel
        Dutch: borsel
- Old High German: burst, borst
  - Middle High German: burst, borst, burste, borste
    - Bavarian: Biaschtn
    - Central Franconian:
      Hunsrik: Berst
      Luxembourgish: Buuscht, Biischt
    - East Central German:
      Erzgebirgisch: bèrschd
    - German: Borste, Bürste
Old Norse: burst
- Icelandic: burst
- Faroese: bust
- Old Swedish: borst
  - Swedish: borst; Swedish: borste (perhaps influenced by German)
- Danish: børste
Vulgar Latin: *brustia, *bruscia (with *bruskaz, Icelandic brúskur)
- Old French: broche, broisse
  - French: brosse
  - Picard: brouche
  - Walloon: brouche, broushe
  - → Middle English: brusshe
    - English: brush
  - → Galician: brocha
  - → Portuguese: brocha
  - → Spanish: brocha
    - → Catalan: brotxa
    - → Cebuano: brotsa
    - → Tagalog: brotsa
- → Byzantine Greek: βρούτσα (broútsa), βούρτζα (boúrtza), βούρτσα (boúrtsa), βρούτζα (broútza)
  - Greek: βούρτσα (voúrtsa)
  - → Albanian: vurcë
  - → Bulgarian: ву́рца (vúrca)
  - → Ottoman Turkish: فرچه (fırça), فورچه (fırça, furça), ֆըրչա (fırça) — Armeno-Turkish
    - Turkish: fırça
    - → Arabic: فُرْشَة (furša)
    - → Armenian: ֆռչա (fṙčʻa)
    - → Bulgarian: ву́рча (vúrča), фу́рча (fúrča), фурча́ (furčá), фу́рца (fúrca)
    - → Ladino: furcha
    - → Laz: ჶურჭა (furç̌a)
    - → Persian: فرچه (ferče)
  - ⇒ Byzantine Greek: βρουτσίν (broutsín)
    - Pontic Greek: βουρτζίν (vourtzín), βουρτζί (vourtzí), φουρτζί (fourtzí)
      - → Armenian: վուրձին (vurjin) — Hamshen
    - → Armenian: վրձին (vrjin)

References

^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “fastīgō, -āre”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 203
^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “ƀurstiz”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 64

[1] De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “fastīgō, -āre”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 203

[2] Vladimir Orel (2003) “ƀurstiz”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 64

[1]

[2]