Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/habanō

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *kh₂póneh₂ or *kh₂pnéh₂, from the root *keh₂p- (“to take, seize, grasp”). Close cognate with Old Irish cúan m (“port, harbor”), however this may be due to borrowing at an early stage.^[1]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈxɑ.βɑ.nɔː/

Noun

*habanō f^[1]^[2]

harbour, haven

Inflection

Declension of *habanō (ō-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*habanō	*habanôz
vocative	*habanō	*habanôz
accusative	*habanǭ	*habanōz
genitive	*habanōz	*habanǫ̂
dative	*habanōi	*habanōmaz
instrumental	*habanō	*habanōmiz

Alternative reconstructions

*habnō, *hafnō^[3]

Related terms

*habą

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *habanu
- Old English: hæfen, hæfene (possibly a loanword from Old Norse)
  - Middle English: haven, havene
    - Scots: havin, hevin, heavin
    - English: haven
- Old Frisian: *hafen, *haven
  - Saterland Frisian: Hauenge, Hoawen (possibly loaned from Low German)
  - West Frisian: haven
- Old Saxon: *havana; *havan m
  - Middle Low German: hāvene, hāven f or m
    - German Low German: Haven
    - → Middle High German: habene f (also m?)
      - German: Hafen m (under direct Middle Low German influence)
      - Luxembourgish: Hafen
      - Yiddish: האַוון m (havn)
- Old Dutch: *havana
  - Middle Dutch: hāvene
    - Dutch: haven
      - Afrikaans: hawe
      - → Papiamentu: haf, haaf
      - → Russian: гавань (gavanʹ)
        → Ukrainian: гавань (havanʹ)
    - → Old French: havene, havre, hafne
      - Middle French: havre
        French: havre
        → Spanish: abra
        → English: abra
      - → Galician: abra
Old Norse: hǫfn
- Icelandic: höfn
- Faroese: havn, høvn
- Norwegian Nynorsk: hamn
  - Norwegian Bokmål: hamn
- Old Swedish: hamn, hafn
  - Swedish: hamn
- Danish: havn
  - Norwegian Bokmål: havn
- → Latin: Hafnia (“Copenhagen”) (learned)

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*habanō-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 196: “f. ‘harbor’”
^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*xaƀanō”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 147: “sb.f.”
^ Philippa, Marlies, Debrabandere, Frans, Quak, Arend, Schoonheim, Tanneke, van der Sijs, Nicoline (2003–2009) “haven”, in Etymologisch woordenboek van het Nederlands‎^[3] (in Dutch), Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press: “pgm. *habnō-/*hafnō- ‘haven’”

[EDPG-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*habanō-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 196: “f. ‘harbor’”

[2] Vladimir Orel (2003) “*xaƀanō”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 147: “sb.f.”

[3] Philippa, Marlies, Debrabandere, Frans, Quak, Arend, Schoonheim, Tanneke, van der Sijs, Nicoline (2003–2009) “haven”, in Etymologisch woordenboek van het Nederlands‎^[3] (in Dutch), Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press: “pgm. *habnō-/*hafnō- ‘haven’”

[1]

[2]

[3]