Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kogъda

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Alternative forms

Etymology

  • From Proto-Balto-Slavic *kas gadas. Equivalent to *ko +‎ *gъda (Gsg. of *godъ) – literally "at what time"[1]
  • ЭССЯ: later Slavic relationship *jegъda*kogъda obviously influenced by Gsg. form of *godъ (with probable reduction *goda > *gъda) and changed previous pair relationship *jeda*koda. From *ko- +‎ *-da.
  • Vasmer: probably originally was *koda. Ending *gъda possibly came from earlier reduction of *vьsegъda, *jьnogъda, where it was generalized to *jegъda, *kogъda, *togъda.
Compare Lithuanian kadà (when), East Lithuanian kadù, Old Prussian kaden, kadden, Latvian kad (when), Sanskrit कदा (kadā, when), Avestan 𐬐𐬀𐬛𐬁 (kadā, when).

Adverb

*kogъda[1]

  1. when

See also

Type *kъto *jь *jьnъ *onъ *ovъ *sь *tъ *vьśь
Time *kogъda *jegъda *jьnogъda *onogъda *ovogъda *segъda *togъda *vьśegъda
Place (to) *kǫda *jǫdu *jьnǫdu *onǫda *ovǫda *sǫda *tǫda *vьśǫdu
Place (to/in) *kamo *jamo *jьnamo *onamo *ovamo *sěmo *tamo *vьśamo
Place (in) *kъde *jьde *jьnъde *onъde *ovъde *sьde *tu *vьśьde
Way *kako *jako *jьnako *onako *ovako *sice *tako *vьśako
Amount *koliko *jeliko *jьnoliko *onoliko *ovoliko *seliko *toliko

Derived terms

Descendants

  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: когда (kogda)
      • Old Ruthenian: къгды (khdy), кгды (gdy)
        • Ukrainian: ґди (gdy)
      • Belarusian: (dialectal) кадэ (kade)
      • Russian: когда́ (kogdá), когды́ (kogdý), (dialectal) ковда́ (kovdá), (dialectal) ковды́ (kovdý), када́ (kadá), колды́ (koldý)
      • Carpathian Rusyn: кідь (kidʹ)
  • South Slavic:
    • Old Church Slavonic:
      Old Cyrillic script: къгда (kŭgda), когда (kogda)
      Glagolitic script: ⰽⱏⰳⰴⰰ (kŭgda), [Term?]
    • Bulgarian: кога́ (kogá), (dialectal) къга́ (kǎgá), коги́ (kogí)
    • Macedonian: ко́га (kóga)
    • Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic script: ка̏д, ка̀да
      Latin script: kȁd, kàda
    • Slovene: kdāj (tonal orthography)
  • West Slavic:

Further reading

  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “когда”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1983), “*kogъda / *kogъdy”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 10 (*klepačь – *konь), Moscow: Nauka, page 108

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 Derksen, Rick (2008) “*kogъda; *kogъdy”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 227:adv./conj. ‘when’