Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/zętь
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *źénˀtas, *źénˀtis. A derivative of Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- (“to produce, give birth”) (cf. *ǵénh₁tis (“birth, production”)) or Proto-Indo-European *ǵemH- (“to marry”) + *-tь. Akin to Lithuanian žéntas (“son-in-law”), Latvian znots (“son-in-law”), Sanskrit ज्ञाति (jñāti, “kinsman, relative”), possibly Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ā́mātā (“son-in-law”).
Noun
*zę̀tь m
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *zę̀tь | *zę̀ti | *zę̀tьjē, *zę̀ťē* |
| genitive | *zę̀tī | *zę̀tьju, *zę̀ťu* | *zę̀tьjь, *zę̀tī* |
| dative | *zę̀ti | *zę̀tьma | *zę̀tьmъ |
| accusative | *zę̀tь | *zę̀ti | *zę̀ti |
| instrumental | *zę̀tьmь | *zę̀tьma | *zę̀tьmī |
| locative | *zę̀tī | *zę̀tьju, *zę̀ťu* | *zę̀tьxъ |
| vocative | *zęti | *zę̀ti | *zę̀tьjē, *zę̀ťē* |
* The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
See also
Proto-Slavic family terms
| *sěmьja, *rodina (“family”) | Male | Female |
|---|---|---|
| parent | *otъ, *otьcь (“father”) nursery: *tata |
*mati (“mother”) nursery: *mama |
| sibling | *bratrъ (“brother”) | *sestra (“sister”) |
| child | *synъ (“son”) | *dъťi (“daughter”) |
| grandparent | – (“grandfather”) nursery: *dědъ; *nana |
*ova (“grandmother”) nursery: *baba; *nena |
| grandchild | *vъnukъ (“grandson”) | *vъnuka (“granddaughter”) |
| stepparent | *otьčimъ (“stepfather”) | *maťexa (“stepmother”) |
| stepchild | *pastorъkъ (“stepson”) | *pastorъka (“stepdaughter”) |
| father's sibling | *strъjь (“paternal uncle”) nursery: *dada; *lola |
– (“paternal aunt”) nursery: *teta; *lelja |
| mother's sibling | *ujь (“maternal uncle”) nursery: *dada; *lola |
– (“maternal aunt”) nursery: *teta; *lelja |
| sibling's child | *netьjь (“nephew”) | *nestera (“niece”) |
| spouse | *mǫžь (“husband”) | *žena (“wife”) |
| parent of wife | *tьstь (“father-in-law (wife's father)”) | *tьšča (“mother-in-law (wife's mother)”) |
| parent of husband | *svekrъ (“father-in-law (husband's father)”) | *svekry (“mother-in-law (husband's father)”) |
| sibling of wife | *šurь (“brother-in-law (wife's brother)”) | *svěstь, *svьstь (“sister-in-law (wife's sister)”) |
| sibling of husband | *děverь (“brother-in-law (husband's brother)”) | *zъly (“sister-in-law (husband's sister)”) |
| spouse of child | *zętь (“son-in-law (daughter's husband)”) | *snъxa (“daughter-in-law (son's wife)”) |
| spouse of husband's brother | – | *ętry (“sister-in-law (husband's brother's wife)”) |
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
- Samic:
- → Kildin Sami: зя̄һтҍ (zeaht’)
- → Skolt Sami: zeeʹtt
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “зять”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress