Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/wiʀ

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *wīz.

Pronoun

*wiʀ^[1]

we (all)

Inflection

Proto-West Germanic personal pronouns

singular	first person	second person	reflexive
nominative	*ik	*þū	-
accusative	*mik	*þik	*sik
dative	*miʀ	*þiʀ	*sik
possessive	*mīn	*þīn	*sīn
dual	first person	second person	reflexive
nominative	*wit	*jit	-
accusative	*unk	*inkw	*sik
dative	*unk		*sik
possessive	*unkar	*inkwar	*sīn
plural	first person	second person	reflexive
nominative	*wiʀ	*jiʀ	-
accusative	*uns	*iwwi	*sik
dative	*uns	*iwwi	*sik
possessive	*unsar	*iuwar	*sīn

Descendants

Old English: wē, wœ̄ — Northumbrian, wæ, ƿē
- Middle English: we, ve, whe, huue, hwe, vue, wæ (Early Middle English), weo, woe, wue (Southwest Midlands)
  - English: we
    - Jamaican Creole: wi
    - Sranan Tongo: wi
  - Scots: we, oo
  - Yola: wough, wu, wee, we, w'
Old Frisian: wī, wē
- North Frisian: wi, wü
- Saterland Frisian: wie
- West Frisian: wy
Old Saxon: wī
- Middle Low German: wî
  - Low German: wir
    - Dutch Low Saxon: wi
    - German Low German: wi
      Plautdietsch: wie
Old Dutch: wī
- Middle Dutch: wi
  - Dutch: wij, we (muted)
    - Afrikaans: wy
    - Jersey Dutch: wāi
    - Negerhollands: wellie
Old High German: wir
- Middle High German: wir
  - Bavarian:
    - Cimbrian: biar, bar (Sette Comuni)
    - Mòcheno: biar
  - German: wir
  - ⇒ Middle High German: mir
    - Alemannic German: mir, mier
    - Bavarian: mia
    - German: mir (dialectal)
    - Hunsrik: meer
    - Luxembourgish: mir, mer
    - Pennsylvania German: mer
    - Yiddish: מיר (mir)

References

^ Ringe, Donald, Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 125: “*wiz”

[1] Ringe, Donald, Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 125: “*wiz”

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