affirmo

Latin

Alternative forms

Etymology

From ad- (“to, towards, at”) +‎ firmō (“strengthen, fortify”).

Pronunciation

Verb

affirmō (present infinitive affirmāre, perfect active affirmāvī, supine affirmātum); first conjugation

  1. to present (something) as fixed, firm, or true; affirm, assert, maintain
    Synonyms: firmō, contendō, aiō, arguō, fīgō
  2. to strengthen, confirm, corroborate
  3. (figurative) to make clear

Conjugation

   Conjugation of affirmō (first conjugation)
indicative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present affirmō affirmās affirmat affirmāmus affirmātis affirmant
imperfect affirmābam affirmābās affirmābat affirmābāmus affirmābātis affirmābant
future affirmābō affirmābis affirmābit affirmābimus affirmābitis affirmābunt
perfect affirmāvī affirmāvistī affirmāvit affirmāvimus affirmāvistis affirmāvērunt,
affirmāvēre
pluperfect affirmāveram affirmāverās affirmāverat affirmāverāmus affirmāverātis affirmāverant
future perfect affirmāverō affirmāveris affirmāverit affirmāverimus affirmāveritis affirmāverint
passive present affirmor affirmāris,
affirmāre 		affirmātur affirmāmur affirmāminī affirmantur
imperfect affirmābar affirmābāris,
affirmābāre 		affirmābātur affirmābāmur affirmābāminī affirmābantur
future affirmābor affirmāberis,
affirmābere 		affirmābitur affirmābimur affirmābiminī affirmābuntur
perfect affirmātus + present active indicative of sum
pluperfect affirmātus + imperfect active indicative of sum
future perfect affirmātus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive singular plural
first second third first second third
active present affirmem affirmēs affirmet affirmēmus affirmētis affirment
imperfect affirmārem affirmārēs affirmāret affirmārēmus affirmārētis affirmārent
perfect affirmāverim affirmāverīs affirmāverit affirmāverīmus affirmāverītis affirmāverint
pluperfect affirmāvissem affirmāvissēs affirmāvisset affirmāvissēmus affirmāvissētis affirmāvissent
passive present affirmer affirmēris,
affirmēre 		affirmētur affirmēmur affirmēminī affirmentur
imperfect affirmārer affirmārēris,
affirmārēre 		affirmārētur affirmārēmur affirmārēminī affirmārentur
perfect affirmātus + present active subjunctive of sum
pluperfect affirmātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present — affirmā — — affirmāte —
future — affirmātō affirmātō — affirmātōte affirmantō
passive present — affirmāre — — affirmāminī —
future — affirmātor affirmātor — — affirmantor
non-finite forms infinitive participle
active passive active passive
present affirmāre affirmārī affirmāns —
future affirmātūrum esse affirmātum īrī affirmātūrus affirmandus
perfect affirmāvisse affirmātum esse — affirmātus
future perfect — affirmātum fore — —
perfect potential affirmātūrum fuisse — — —
verbal nouns gerund supine
genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
affirmandī affirmandō affirmandum affirmandō affirmātum affirmātū

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Asturian: afirmar
  • Catalan: afirmar
  • English: affirm
  • French: affirmer
  • Galician: afirmar
  • Italian: affermare
  • Portuguese: afirmar
  • Romanian: afirma
  • Spanish: afirmar

References

  • “affirmo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • affirmo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
    • this much I can vouch for: illud pro certo affirmare licet
  • affirmo in Ramminger, Johann (16 July 2016 (last accessed)) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎[2], pre-publication website, 2005-2016

Portuguese

Verb

affirmo

  1. first-person singular present indicative of affirmar
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