apu

See also: Appendix:Variations of "apu"
Languages (20)
Translingual
Batui • Borong • Chamorro • Finnish • Hungarian • Ingrian • Kapampangan • Karelian • Limos Kalinga • Megleno-Romanian • Meriam • Pamona • Pitjantjatjara • Ponosakan • Quechua • Saluan • Sundanese • Tokelauan • Uma
Page categories

Translingual

Symbol

apu

  1. (international standards) ISO 639-3 language code for Apurinã.

See also

  • Wiktionary’s coverage of Apurinã terms

Batui

Etymology

From Proto-Celebic *apuy, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hapuy, from Proto-Austronesian *Sapuy.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈʔapu/

Noun

apu

  1. fire

Further reading

  • David Mead, Edy Pasanda, An Initial Appreciation of the Dialect Situation in Saluan and Batui (Eastern Sulawesi, Indonesia) (2015)

Borong

Noun

apu

  1. water

References

Chamorro

Etymology

From Pre-Chamorro *ʔapu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qabu, from Proto-Austronesian *qabu.

Noun

apu

  1. ash (solid remains of a fire)

Finnish

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *apu.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈɑpu/, [ˈɑ̝pu]
  • Rhymes: -ɑpu
  • Syllabification(key): a‧pu
  • Hyphenation(key): apu

Noun

apu

  1. help, aid, assistance, relief, succour [with illative ‘with a thing’ or inessive ‘with a task’ or (genitive +) kanssa]
    Apua! ― Help!
    jonkin avulla ― with the help of something / using something
  2. (in expressions) helping hand, one who helps
  3. remedy, relief (something that provides a removal of stress or discomfort)
  4. (in compounds) auxiliary, additional, accessory
    apukone ― auxiliary engine

Declension

Inflection of apu (Kotus type 1*E/valo, p-v gradation)
nominative apu avut
genitive avun apujen
partitive apua apuja
illative apuun apuihin
singular plural
nominative apu avut
accusative nom. apu avut
gen. avun
genitive avun apujen
partitive apua apuja
inessive avussa avuissa
elative avusta avuista
illative apuun apuihin
adessive avulla avuilla
ablative avulta avuilta
allative avulle avuille
essive apuna apuina
translative avuksi avuiksi
abessive avutta avuitta
instructive — avuin
comitative See the possessive forms below.
Possessive forms of apu (Kotus type 1*E/valo, p-v gradation)
first-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative apuni apuni
accusative nom. apuni apuni
gen. apuni
genitive apuni apujeni
partitive apuani apujani
inessive avussani avuissani
elative avustani avuistani
illative apuuni apuihini
adessive avullani avuillani
ablative avultani avuiltani
allative avulleni avuilleni
essive apunani apuinani
translative avukseni avuikseni
abessive avuttani avuittani
instructive — —
comitative — apuineni
second-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative apusi apusi
accusative nom. apusi apusi
gen. apusi
genitive apusi apujesi
partitive apuasi apujasi
inessive avussasi avuissasi
elative avustasi avuistasi
illative apuusi apuihisi
adessive avullasi avuillasi
ablative avultasi avuiltasi
allative avullesi avuillesi
essive apunasi apuinasi
translative avuksesi avuiksesi
abessive avuttasi avuittasi
instructive — —
comitative — apuinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative apumme apumme
accusative nom. apumme apumme
gen. apumme
genitive apumme apujemme
partitive apuamme apujamme
inessive avussamme avuissamme
elative avustamme avuistamme
illative apuumme apuihimme
adessive avullamme avuillamme
ablative avultamme avuiltamme
allative avullemme avuillemme
essive apunamme apuinamme
translative avuksemme avuiksemme
abessive avuttamme avuittamme
instructive — —
comitative — apuinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative apunne apunne
accusative nom. apunne apunne
gen. apunne
genitive apunne apujenne
partitive apuanne apujanne
inessive avussanne avuissanne
elative avustanne avuistanne
illative apuunne apuihinne
adessive avullanne avuillanne
ablative avultanne avuiltanne
allative avullenne avuillenne
essive apunanne apuinanne
translative avuksenne avuiksenne
abessive avuttanne avuittanne
instructive — —
comitative — apuinenne
third-person possessor
singular plural
nominative apunsa apunsa
accusative nom. apunsa apunsa
gen. apunsa
genitive apunsa apujensa
partitive apuaan
apuansa 		apujaan
apujansa
inessive avussaan
avussansa 		avuissaan
avuissansa
elative avustaan
avustansa 		avuistaan
avuistansa
illative apuunsa apuihinsa
adessive avullaan
avullansa 		avuillaan
avuillansa
ablative avultaan
avultansa 		avuiltaan
avuiltansa
allative avulleen
avullensa 		avuilleen
avuillensa
essive apunaan
apunansa 		apuinaan
apuinansa
translative avukseen
avuksensa 		avuikseen
avuiksensa
abessive avuttaan
avuttansa 		avuittaan
avuittansa
instructive — —
comitative — apuineen
apuinensa

Derived terms

adjectives
interjections
nouns
prefixes
verbs
compounds
idioms

Further reading

Anagrams

Hungarian

Etymology

From apa (“father”) +‎ -u (diminutive suffix).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈɒpu]
  • Hyphenation: apu
  • Rhymes: -pu

Noun

apu

  1. dad

Declension

Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony)
singular plural
nominative apu apuk
accusative aput apukat
dative apunak apuknak
instrumental apuval apukkal
causal-final apuért apukért
translative apuvá apukká
terminative apuig apukig
essive-formal apuként apukként
essive-modal — —
inessive apuban apukban
superessive apun apukon
adessive apunál apuknál
illative apuba apukba
sublative apura apukra
allative apuhoz apukhoz
elative apuból apukból
delative apuról apukról
ablative aputól apuktól
non-attributive
possessive – singular 		apué apuké
non-attributive
possessive – plural 		apuéi apukéi
Possessive forms of apu
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. apum apuim
2nd person sing. apud apuid
3rd person sing. apuja apui
1st person plural apunk apuink
2nd person plural aputok apuitok
3rd person plural apujuk apuik

Derived terms

  • apuka

Further reading

  • apu in Géza Bárczi, László Országh, et al., editors, A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára [The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (ÉrtSz.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN.
  • apu in Nóra Ittzés, editor, A magyar nyelv nagyszótára [A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (Nszt.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published a–ez as of 2024).

Ingrian

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *apu. Cognates include Finnish apu and Veps abu.

Pronunciation

Noun

apu

  1. synonym of api
    • 1937, N. A. Iljin, Lukukirja: Inkeroisia alkușkouluja vart (kolmas osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 109:
      Hää oli prostoist vanhemmist, varraa jäi vanhemmist i suureel vaivaal vanhemman veljän avul sai itsellee obrazovanjan.
      He had simple parents, lost [his] parents early on and with big difficulty with the help of his older brother got himself an education.

Declension

Declension of apu (type 4/koivu, p-v gradation, gemination)
singular plural
nominative apu avut
genitive avun appuin, apuloin
partitive appua apuja, apuloja
illative appuu appui, apuloihe
inessive avus avuis, apulois
elative avust avuist, apuloist
allative avulle avuille, apuloille
adessive avul avuil, apuloil
ablative avult avuilt, apuloilt
translative avuks avuiks, apuloiks
essive apunna, appuun apuinna, apuloinna, appuin, apuloin
exessive1) apunt apuint, apuloint
1) obsolete
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl)
**) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive.

Derived terms

References

  • Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 2
  • Arvo Laanest (1997) Isuri keele Hevaha murde sõnastik, Eesti Keele Instituut, page 15

Kapampangan

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ampu, from Proto-Austronesian *apu. Compare Ilocano apo, Tagalog apo, Cebuano apu, Malay empu, and Cebuano umpu. Also possibly from Hokkien 阿婆 (a-pô, “paternal grandmother”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): (“grandparent”) /ˈapuʔ/ [ˈäː.puʔ]
  • IPA(key): (“grandparent”) /ˈapu/ [ˈäː.pu]
  • IPA(key): (“grandchild”) /əˈpu/ [əˈpu]
  • Hyphenation: a‧pu

Noun

ápû or ápu

  1. grandparent
    1. term of address for one's grandparents
  2. term of reference for one's grandmother
  3. title added to saint's names
    Apu Lusya
    Saint Lucy

See also

Noun

apu

  1. grandchild

References

  • Michael L. Forman (2019) Kapampangan Dictionary‎[2], University of Hawaii Press, →ISBN, archived from the original on 29 June 2021, page 11

Karelian

Regional variants of apu
North Karelian
(Viena) 		apu
South Karelian
(Tver) 		abu

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *apu. Cognates include Finnish apu and Veps abu.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈɑpu/
  • Hyphenation: a‧pu

Noun

apu (genitive avun, partitive apuo)

  1. (North Karelian) help

Declension

Viena Karelian declension of apu (type 1/tyttö, p-v gradation)
singular plural
nominative apu avut
genitive avun apujen
partitive apuo apuja
illative apuh apuloih
inessive avušša apuloissa
elative avušta apuloista
adessive avulla apuloilla
ablative avulta apuloilta
translative avukši apuloiksi
essive apuna apuloina
comitative — apuloineh
abessive avutta apuloitta
Possessive forms of apu
1st person apuni
2nd person apuš
3rd person apuh
*) Possessive forms are very rare for adjectives and only used in substantivised clauses.

References

  • P. M. Zaykov et al. (2015) “помощь”, in Venäjä-Viena Šanakirja [Russian-Viena Karelian Dictionary], →ISBN

Limos Kalinga

Noun

apú

  1. grandchild
  2. grandparent

Megleno-Romanian

Etymology

From Latin aqua. Compare Romanian apă, Aromanian apã, Istro-Romanian åpe.

Noun

apu

  1. water

References

  • Theodor Capidan, Dicționar meglenoromân (Megleno-Romanian dictionary)

Meriam

Noun

apu

  1. mother or paternal aunt

Pamona

Noun

apu

  1. fire

References

Pitjantjatjara

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈɐpʊ]

Noun

apu

  1. stone, rock
  2. mountain, hill
  3. stone tool

Synonyms

Ponosakan

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Austronesian *qapuʀ. Cognate of Tagalog apog, Tondano apu.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ʔaˈpu/, [ʔa.ˈpuː][1]

Noun

apu

  1. lime (especially when eaten with betel)

References

  1. ^ J. Akun Danie, F. Rogi Warouw, A. B. G. Rattu, G. Karim Bachmid (1991) Fonologi Bahasa Ponosakan (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa – Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan

Quechua

Etymology

Proto-Quechuan *apu

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈa.pʊ/

Noun

apu

  1. (archaic) powerful lord
  2. an earthly guardian deity, represented by a mountain or which lives atop a mountain.

Declension

Declension of apu
singular plural
nominative apu apukuna
accusative aputa apukunata
dative apuman apukunaman
genitive apup apukunap
locative apupi apukunapi
terminative apukama apukunakama
ablative apumanta apukunamanta
instrumental apuwan apukunawan
comitative apuntin apukunantin
abessive apunnaq apukunannaq
comparative apuhina apukunahina
causative apurayku apukunarayku
benefactive apupaq apukunapaq
associative apupura apukunapura
distributive apunka apukunanka
exclusive apulla apukunalla
Possessive forms of apu
ñuqap - first-person singular
ñuqap (my) singular plural
nominative apuy apuykuna
accusative apuyta apuykunata
dative apuyman apuykunaman
genitive apuypa apuykunap
locative apuypi apuykunapi
terminative apuykama apuykunakama
ablative apuymanta apuykunamanta
instrumental apuywan apuykunawan
comitative apuynintin apuykunantin
abessive apuyninnaq apuykunannaq
comparative apuyhina apuykunahina
causative apuyrayku apuykunarayku
benefactive apuypaq apuykunapaq
associative apuypura apuykunapura
distributive apuyninka apuykunanka
exclusive apuylla apuykunalla
qampa - second-person singular
qampa (your) singular plural
nominative apuyki apuykikuna
accusative apuykita apuykikunata
dative apuykiman apuykikunaman
genitive apuykipa apuykikunap
locative apuykipi apuykikunapi
terminative apuykikama apuykikunakama
ablative apuykimanta apuykikunamanta
instrumental apuykiwan apuykikunawan
comitative apuykintin apuykikunantin
abessive apuykinnaq apuykikunannaq
comparative apuykihina apuykikunahina
causative apuykirayku apuykikunarayku
benefactive apuykipaq apuykikunapaq
associative apuykipura apuykikunapura
distributive apuykinka apuykikunanka
exclusive apuykilla apuykikunalla
paypa - third-person singular
paypa (his/her/its) singular plural
nominative apun apunkuna
accusative apunta apunkunata
dative apunman apunkunaman
genitive apunpa apunkunap
locative apunpi apunkunapi
terminative apunkama apunkunakama
ablative apunmanta apunkunamanta
instrumental apunwan apunkunawan
comitative apunintin apunkunantin
abessive apunninnaq apunkunannaq
comparative apunhina apunkunahina
causative apunrayku apunkunarayku
benefactive apunpaq apunkunapaq
associative apunpura apunkunapura
distributive apuninka apunkunanka
exclusive apunlla apunkunalla
ñuqanchikpa - first-person inclusive plural
ñuqanchikpa (our(incl)) singular plural
nominative apunchik apunchikkuna
accusative apunchikta apunchikkunata
dative apunchikman apunchikkunaman
genitive apunchikpa apunchikkunap
locative apunchikpi apunchikkunapi
terminative apunchikkama apunchikkunakama
ablative apunchikmanta apunchikkunamanta
instrumental apunchikwan apunchikkunawan
comitative apunchiknintin apunchikkunantin
abessive apunchikninnaq apunchikkunannaq
comparative apunchikhina apunchikkunahina
causative apunchikrayku apunchikkunarayku
benefactive apunchikpaq apunchikkunapaq
associative apunchikpura apunchikkunapura
distributive apunchikninka apunchikkunanka
exclusive apunchiklla apunchikkunalla
ñuqaykup - first-person exclusive plural
ñuqaykup (our(excl)) singular plural
nominative apuyku apuykukuna
accusative apuykuta apuykukunata
dative apuykuman apuykukunaman
genitive apuykupa apuykukunap
locative apuykupi apuykukunapi
terminative apuykukama apuykukunakama
ablative apuykumanta apuykukunamanta
instrumental apuykuwan apuykukunawan
comitative apuykuntin apuykukunantin
abessive apuykunnaq apuykukunannaq
comparative apuykuhina apuykukunahina
causative apuykurayku apuykukunarayku
benefactive apuykupaq apuykukunapaq
associative apuykupura apuykukunapura
distributive apuykunka apuykukunanka
exclusive apuykulla apuykukunalla
qamkunap - second-person plural
qamkunap (your(pl)) singular plural
nominative apuykichik apuykichikkuna
accusative apuykichikta apuykichikkunata
dative apuykichikman apuykichikkunaman
genitive apuykichikpa apuykichikkunap
locative apuykichikpi apuykichikkunapi
terminative apuykichikkama apuykichikkunakama
ablative apuykichikmanta apuykichikkunamanta
instrumental apuykichikwan apuykichikkunawan
comitative apuykichiknintin apuykichikkunantin
abessive apuykichikninnaq apuykichikkunannaq
comparative apuykichikhina apuykichikkunahina
causative apuykichikrayku apuykichikkunarayku
benefactive apuykichikpaq apuykichikkunapaq
associative apuykichikpura apuykichikkunapura
distributive apuykichikninka apuykichikkunanka
exclusive apuykichiklla apuykichikkunalla
paykunap - third-person plural
paykunap (their) singular plural
nominative apunku apunkukuna
accusative apunkuta apunkukunata
dative apunkuman apunkukunaman
genitive apunkupa apunkukunap
locative apunkupi apunkukunapi
terminative apunkukama apunkukunakama
ablative apunkumanta apunkukunamanta
instrumental apunkuwan apunkukunawan
comitative apunkuntin apunkukunantin
abessive apunkunnaq apunkukunannaq
comparative apunkuhina apunkukunahina
causative apunkurayku apunkukunarayku
benefactive apunkupaq apunkukunapaq
associative apunkupura apunkukunapura
distributive apunkunka apunkukunanka
exclusive apunkulla apunkukunalla

Saluan

Etymology

From Proto-Celebic *apuy, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hapuy, from Proto-Austronesian *Sapuy.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈʔapuː/

Noun

apu

  1. fire

Further reading

  • David Mead, Edy Pasanda, An Initial Appreciation of the Dialect Situation in Saluan and Batui (Eastern Sulawesi, Indonesia) (2015)

Sundanese

Further reading

From Old Sundanese apu, from Old Javanese apū, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qapuʀ. Doublet of hapur.

Noun

apu (Sundanese script ᮃᮕᮥ)

  1. lime (mineral)

Derived terms

  • batu apu
  • dibeuleumapukeun
  • meuleum apu
  • pameuleuman apu
  • piapueun

Further reading

Tokelauan

Te apu (1).
Te apu (2).

Etymology

Borrowed from English apple.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈa.pu]
  • Hyphenation: a‧pu

Noun

apu

  1. apple
  2. apple tree (Malus domestica)

References

  • R. Simona, editor (1986), Tokelau Dictionary‎[3], Auckland: Office of Tokelau Affairs, page 17

Uma

Etymology

From Proto-Celebic *apuy, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hapuy, from Proto-Austronesian *Sapuy.

Noun

apu

  1. fire
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