castigar

Probably borrowed from Latin castīgāre (“to chastise, reprimand”).

castigar (first-person singular indicative present castigo, past participle castigáu)

1. to punish, to castigate (to cause to suffer for crime or misconduct)

• castigu
• castu

Borrowed from Latin castīgāre (“to chastise, reprimand”).

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic) [kəs.tiˈɣa]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [kas.tiˈɣaɾ]

castigar (first-person singular present castigo, first-person singular preterite castiguí, past participle castigat)

1. to punish, to castigate (to cause to suffer for crime or misconduct)
2. (figurative) to punish, to work hard, to strain, to afflict
   • 2013 September 11, Ernest Alós, “Competir en català”, in El Periódico de Catalunya‎^[1]:

     A l'hora de definir el sector del llibre en català hi ha un factor (a més del llibre infantil i juvenil, amb uns resultats superiors als de ficció i no-ficció per a adults, i el de text, castigat pel reciclatge de llibres) que solen oblidar-se i que ajuda a explicar per què els editors en llengua catalana pateixen mentre la quota de mercat creix.

     When it comes time to define the book sector in Catalan, there is one factor (aside from young adult and children's books, with superior results to those of adult fiction and non-fiction, and that of the text, strained by the reuse of books) which is usually forgotten and which helps to explain why Catalan-language publishers suffer while market share grows.

3. to correct (text)

• (punish): punir

• càstig

• cast

• “castigar”, in Diccionari de la llengua catalana [Dictionary of the Catalan Language] (in Catalan), second edition, Institute of Catalan Studies [Catalan: Institut d'Estudis Catalans], April 2007
• “castigar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

From Old Galician-Portuguese castigar, from Latin castīgāre (“to chastise, reprimand”), possibly an early borrowing.

• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Hyphenation: cas‧ti‧gar

castigar (first-person singular present castigo, first-person singular preterite castiguei, past participle castigado)

1. (transitive) to punish, to correct, to chastise, to castigate

   Antonym: premiar

• Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “castigar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “castigar”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “castigar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• “castigar”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2025
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “castigar”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• “castigar” in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (2014).
• Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “castigar”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

From Old Occitan [Term?], from Latin castīgāre (“to chastise, reprimand”).

• Audio (Béarn):

  (file)

castigar

1. to punish, to castigate (to cause to suffer for crime or misconduct)

   Synonyms: chastiar, punir

2. (figuratively) to afflict, to cripple

   Serà pas aisit de trobar a me faire embauchar, estant que lo caumatge castiga la vila. ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)

• Diccionari General de la Lenga Occitana, L’Academia occitana – Consistòri del Gai Saber, 2008-2024, page 155.

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese castigar, from Latin castīgāre (“to chastise, to reprimand”), possibly an early borrowing.

• Hyphenation: cas‧ti‧gar

castigar (first-person singular present castigo, first-person singular preterite castiguei, past participle castigado)

1. to punish, to castigate (to cause to suffer for crime or misconduct)

   Synonym: punir

• castigo

• casto

Inherited from Old Spanish castigar, an early borrowing from Latin castīgāre (“to chastise, reprimand”).^[1]

• IPA^(key): /kastiˈɡaɾ/ [kas.t̪iˈɣ̞aɾ]

• Audio (Colombia):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: cas‧ti‧gar

castigar (first-person singular present castigo, first-person singular preterite castigué, past participle castigado)

1. to punish, to castigate (to cause to suffer for crime or misconduct)

   Synonym: punir

2. to ground, gate (to punish, especially a child or teenager, by forcing them to stay at home and/or give up certain privileges)

   Antonym: descastigar

• “castigar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 10 December 2024