fortuna
See also: Fortuna
Catalan
Etymology
Pronunciation
Noun
fortuna f (plural fortunes)
Derived terms
Further reading
- “fortuna” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
- “fortuna” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “fortuna”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2025
- “fortuna”, in Diccionari de la llengua catalana [Dictionary of the Catalan Language] (in Catalan), second edition, Institute of Catalan Studies [Catalan: Institut d'Estudis Catalans], April 2007
Esperanto
Etymology
From fortuno (“fortune, luck”) + -a.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /forˈtuna/
- Rhymes: -una
- Hyphenation: for‧tun‧a
Adjective
fortuna (accusative singular fortunan, plural fortunaj, accusative plural fortunajn)
Finnish
Etymology
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈfort(ː)u(ː)nɑ/, [ˈfo̞rt̪(ː)u(ː)nɑ̝]
- Rhymes: -ortunɑ
- Syllabification(key): for‧tu‧na
- Hyphenation(key): for‧tu‧na
Noun
fortuna
- bagatelle, pin bagatelle (table game)
- Synonym: fortunapeli
Declension
| Inflection of fortuna (Kotus type 12/kulkija, no gradation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | fortuna | fortunat | |
| genitive | fortunan | fortunoiden fortunoitten | |
| partitive | fortunaa | fortunoita | |
| illative | fortunaan | fortunoihin | |
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | fortuna | fortunat | |
| accusative | nom. | fortuna | fortunat |
| gen. | fortunan | ||
| genitive | fortunan | fortunoiden fortunoitten fortunain rare | |
| partitive | fortunaa | fortunoita | |
| inessive | fortunassa | fortunoissa | |
| elative | fortunasta | fortunoista | |
| illative | fortunaan | fortunoihin | |
| adessive | fortunalla | fortunoilla | |
| ablative | fortunalta | fortunoilta | |
| allative | fortunalle | fortunoille | |
| essive | fortunana | fortunoina | |
| translative | fortunaksi | fortunoiksi | |
| abessive | fortunatta | fortunoitta | |
| instructive | — | fortunoin | |
| comitative | See the possessive forms below. | ||
| Possessive forms of fortuna (Kotus type 12/kulkija, no gradation) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Derived terms
compounds
Further reading
- “fortuna”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2 July 2023
Galician
Alternative forms
- fertuna
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Latin fortūna, from fors (“chance, luck”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [foɾˈtunɐ]
Noun
fortuna f (plural fortunas)
References
- Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “fortuna”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “fortuna”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
Italian
Etymology
From Latin fortūna, from fors (“chance, luck”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /forˈtu.na/
- Rhymes: -una
- Hyphenation: for‧tù‧na
Noun
fortuna f (plural fortune, diminutive fortunèlla, augmentative fortunóna, pejorative fortunàccia)
Synonyms
Antonyms
Related terms
Descendants
- → Byzantine Greek: φορτούνα (phortoúna)
- Greek: φουρτούνα (fourtoúna)
Further reading
- fortuna in Collins Italian-English Dictionary
- fortuna in Luciano Canepari, Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana (DiPI)
- fortuna in Aldo Gabrielli, Grandi Dizionario Italiano (Hoepli)
- fortuna in garzantilinguistica.it – Garzanti Linguistica, De Agostini Scuola Spa
- fortùna in Dizionario Italiano Olivetti, Olivetti Media Communication
- fortuna in sapere.it – De Agostini Editore
- fortuna in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana
Ladino
Etymology 1
Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish فورطنه (furtuna, fırtuna, fırtına),[1] from Venetan fortuna, from Latin fortūna (“misfortune”). Compare Romanian furtună.
Noun
fortuna f (Hebrew spelling פ׳ורטונה)[1]
- squall, tempest, a storm with severe winds
- Ke la mar / Esta en fortuna / Mira ke te va yevar
- Because the sea / is under a storm / take heed so it doesn't drag you.
Etymology 2
Borrowed from Latin fortūna, from fors (“chance, luck”).
Noun
fortuna f (Hebrew spelling פ׳ורטונה)[1]
- fortune (wealth)
- Eyos son ainda chikos i povres. Para kualo kazarlos antes ke eyos tengan una fortuna? ― They remain small and poor. Why marry them before they become wealthy?
- fortune (luck)
- Synonym: mazal
References
Latin
Etymology
From Proto-Italic *fortūnā, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰr̥-tew-n-éh₂, a substantivized feminine form of an unattested adjective *fortūnus, from the -tus-derivation *fortus to ferō (“to bear, carry”) or fors (“chance, luck”), + -nus, ultimately from *bʰer- (“to bear, carry”).[1]
For the meaning development compare with Russian везе́ние (vezénije, “luck, good luck”) related to везти́ (veztí, “to convey, to carry (by vehicle), to deliver, to transport”); furthermore cf. partly synonymous and cognate Ancient Greek συμφορά (sumphorá, “fortune, bad luck, good luck”) (< σῠμφέρω (sŭmphérō) < φέρω (phérō)).
Pronunciation
- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): [fɔrˈtuː.na]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): [forˈt̪uː.na]
Noun
fortūna f (genitive fortūnae); first declension
- fortune, luck
- good fortune; misfortune (depending on context)
- (Can we date this quote by Virgil and provide title, author’s full name, and other details?) Vergilius, Aeneis, Book V, line 710
- Superanda omnis fortuna ferendo est.
- All misfortune is to be overcome by enduring.
- (Can we date this quote by Virgil and provide title, author’s full name, and other details?) Vergilius, Aeneis, Book X, lines 42-43
- Speravimus ista, dum fortuna fuit.
- Such we hoped, while good fortune was.
- (Can we date this quote by Virgil and provide title, author’s full name, and other details?) Vergilius, Aeneis, Book V, line 710
- destiny, fate
- Synonyms: fātum, sors, necessitās
- prosperity
- (in the plural) possessions
- c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico 1.11:
- Quibus rebus adductus Caesar non expectandum sibi statuit dum, omnibus fortunis sociorum consumptis, in Santonos Helvetii pervenirent.
- Caesar, induced by these circumstances, decides that he ought not to wait until the Helvetii, after destroying all the property of his allies, should arrive among the Santones.
- Quibus rebus adductus Caesar non expectandum sibi statuit dum, omnibus fortunis sociorum consumptis, in Santonos Helvetii pervenirent.
Declension
First-declension noun.
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | fortūna | fortūnae |
| genitive | fortūnae | fortūnārum |
| dative | fortūnae | fortūnīs |
| accusative | fortūnam | fortūnās |
| ablative | fortūnā | fortūnīs |
| vocative | fortūna | fortūnae |
Derived terms
Related terms
Descendants
Descendants
- Aromanian: furtunã
- Italian: fortuna
- → Byzantine Greek: φορτούνα (phortoúna)
- Greek: φουρτούνα (fourtoúna)
- → Byzantine Greek: φορτούνα (phortoúna)
- Piedmontese: fortun-a
- Romanian: furtună
- Sicilian: furtuna
- → Albanian: furtunë
- → Catalan: fortuna
- → Occitan: fortuna
- → Old French: fortune
- → Polish: fortuna
- → Portuguese: fortuna
- → Romansch: fortuna
- → Russian: фортуна (fortuna)
- → Spanish: fortuna
References
- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “fors, -tis (>Derivatives > fortūna)”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 236
Further reading
- “fortuna”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “fortuna”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- "fortuna", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- fortuna in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[3], London: Macmillan and Co.
- the position of the lower classes: condicio ac fortuna hominum infimi generis
- to be fortunate, lucky: fortuna secunda uti
- to be favoured by Fortune; to bask in Fortune's smiles: fortunae favore or prospero flatu fortunae uti (vid. sect. VI. 8., note uti...)
- to be favoured by Fortune; to bask in Fortune's smiles: fortunam fautricem nancisci
- Fortune makes men shortsighted, infatuates them: fortuna caecos homines efficit, animos occaecat
- to try one's luck: fortunam tentare, experiri
- to run a risk; to tempt Providence: fortunam periclitari (periculum facere)
- to trust to luck: fortunae se committere
- to have success in one's grasp: fortunam in manibus habere
- to let success slip through one's fingers: fortunam ex manibus dimittere
- luck is changing, waning: fortuna commutatur, se inclinat
- the plaything of Fortune: ludibrium fortunae
- Fortune's favourite: is, quem fortuna complexa est
- to be abandoned by good luck: a fortuna desertum, derelictum esse
- Fortune exalts a man, makes him conspicuous: fortuna aliquem effert
- misfortune, adversity: fortuna adversa
- to struggle with adversity: conflictari (cum) adversa fortuna
- the vicissitudes of fortune: fortunae vicissitudines
- to experience the vicissitudes of fortune; to have a chequered career: varia fortuna uti
- to be exposed to the assaults of fate: fortunae telis propositum esse
- to be abandoned to fate: fortunae obiectum esse
- to be a victim of the malice of Fortune: ad iniurias fortunae expositum esse
- to acquiesce in one's fate: fortunae cedere
- to be in the enjoyment of a large fortune: fortunis maximis ornatum esse
- I am discontented with my lot: fortunae meae me paenitet
- to drive a person out of house and home: exturbare aliquem omnibus fortunis, e possessionibus
- to drive a person out of house and home: evertere aliquem bonis, fortunis patriis
- to take up one's abode in a place, settle down somewhere: sedem ac domicilium (fortunas suas) constituere alicubi
- a degraded, servile condition: infima fortuna or condicio servorum
- the position of the lower classes: condicio ac fortuna hominum infimi generis
- “fortuna”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “fortuna”, in Samuel Ball Platner (1929) Thomas Ashby, editor, A Topographical Dictionary of Ancient Rome, London: Oxford University Press
- “fortuna”, in William Smith, editor (1848), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, London: John Murray
Occitan
Etymology
Pronunciation
Audio: (file)
Noun
fortuna f (plural fortunas)
Polish
Alternative forms
- fartuna (Western Lublin, Wilkołaz)
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Latin fortūna.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /fɔrˈtu.na/
- (Greater Poland):
- (Chełmno-Dobrzyń) IPA(key): /fɔrˈtu.na/
- (Masovia):
- (Far Masovian) IPA(key): /fɔrˈtu.na/
Audio: (file) - Rhymes: -una
- Syllabification: for‧tu‧na
Noun
fortuna f (diminutive fortunka)
- fortune (favorable destiny)
- fortune (lots of riches)
- (Far Masovian) estate (owned land; property)
- Sprzedajta mi swoje fortune. ― Sell me your estate.
- (Chełmno) synonym of posag
Declension
Declension of fortuna
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | fortuna | fortuny |
| genitive | fortuny | fortun |
| dative | fortunie | fortunom |
| accusative | fortunę | fortuny |
| instrumental | fortuną | fortunami |
| locative | fortunie | fortunach |
| vocative | fortuno | fortuny |
Derived terms
adjective
Related terms
adverb
noun
- fortunność
Further reading
- fortuna in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- fortuna in Polish dictionaries at PWN
- Wojciech Grzegorzewicz (1894) “fortuna”, in “O języku ludowym w powiecie przasnyskim”, in Sprawozdania Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności (in Polish), volume 5, Krakow: Akademia Umiejętności, page 107
- Kazimierz Nitsch (1907) “fortuna”, in “Dyalekty polskie Prus zachodnich”, in Materyały i Prace Komisyi Językowej Akademii Umiejętności w Krakowie (in Polish), volume 3, Krakow: Akademia Umiejętności, page 388
Portuguese
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Latin fortūna, from fors (“chance, luck”).
Pronunciation
- (Brazil) IPA(key): /foʁˈtũ.nɐ/ [fohˈtũ.nɐ]
- (São Paulo) IPA(key): /foɾˈtũ.nɐ/
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /foʁˈtũ.nɐ/ [foχˈtũ.nɐ]
- (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /foɻˈtu.na/
- (Portugal) IPA(key): /fuɾˈtu.nɐ/
- Rhymes: (Brazil) -ũnɐ, (Portugal) -unɐ
- Hyphenation: for‧tu‧na
Noun
fortuna f (plural fortunas)
Further reading
- “fortuna”, in Dicionário Aulete Digital (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2025
- “fortuna”, in Dicionário inFormal (in Portuguese), 2006–2025
- “fortuna” in Dicionário Aberto based on Novo Diccionário da Língua Portuguesa de Cândido de Figueiredo, 1913
- “fortuna”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2025
- “fortuna”, in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), São Paulo: Editora Melhoramentos, 2015–2025
- “fortuna”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025
Spanish
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin fortūna,[1] from fors (“chance, luck”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /foɾˈtuna/ [foɾˈt̪u.na]
- Rhymes: -una
- Syllabification: for‧tu‧na
Noun
fortuna f (plural fortunas)
- fortune
- Synonyms: prosperidad, riqueza
- fortune, prophecy, reading
- wealth
- Synonym: patrimonio
- luck
Derived terms
- afortunado
- bienes de fortuna
- caballero de fortuna
- cazafortunas
- galleta de la fortuna
- golpe de fortuna
- lance de fortuna
- por fortuna
- rueda de la fortuna
- tiempo de fortuna
References
- ^ Joan Coromines, José A[ntonio] Pascual (1983–1991) “fortuna”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico [Critical Castilian and Hispanic Etymological Dictionary] (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos
Further reading
- “fortuna”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 10 December 2024