gimti

Lithuanian

Etymology

From Proto-Baltic *gim-, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷm̥-, the zero grade form of *gʷem- (“to go, to come, to step”), with semantic shift "to come (into the world)" > "to be born";^[1] note that the word does not seem to descend from Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- (“to give birth, produce”) (the usual "born" root in Indo-European), and in fact, the latter root may not be attested in Balto-Slavic, with Proto-Balto-Slavic *źénˀtas (“son-in-law, relative”) being one of, if not the, only possible descendants. Compare Latvian dzìmt (“be born”), Old Prussian gemton (“give birth to”), and, outside of Baltic, Sanskrit गच्छति (gácchati, “to go, move”), English come.

Pronunciation 1

IPA^(key): /ˈɡʲɪmʲ.tʲɪ/

Verb

gi̇̀mti (third-person present tense gi̇̀msta, third-person past tense gi̇̀mė)

(intransitive) to be born

Conjugation

Conjugation of *gimti*
		1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person	1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person
		singular vienaskaita			plural daugiskaita
		aš	tu	jis/ji	mes	jūs	jie/jos
indicative tiesioginė nuosaka	present esamasis laikas	gi̇̀mstu	gi̇̀msti	gi̇̀msta	gi̇̀mstame, gi̇̀mstam	gi̇̀mstate, gi̇̀mstat	gi̇̀msta
	past būtasis kartinis laikas	gimiaũ	gimei̇̃	gi̇̀mė	gi̇̀mėme, gi̇̀mom	gi̇̀mėte, gi̇̀mot	gi̇̀mė
	past frequentative būtasis dažninis laikas	gi̇̀mdavau	gi̇̀mdavai	gi̇̀mdavo	gi̇̀mdavome, gi̇̀mdavom	gi̇̀mdavote, gi̇̀mdavot	gi̇̀mdavo
	future būsimasis laikas	gi̇̀msiu	gi̇̀msi	gi̇̀ms	gi̇̀msime, gi̇̀msim	gi̇̀msite, gi̇̀msit	gi̇̀ms
subjunctive tariamoji nuosaka		gi̇̀mčiau	gi̇̀mtum	gi̇̀mtų	gi̇̀mtumėme, gi̇̀mtumėm, gi̇̀mtume	gi̇̀mtumėte, gi̇̀mtumėt	gi̇̀mtų
imperative liepiamoji nuosaka		—	gi̇̀mk, gi̇̀mki	tegi̇̀msta	gi̇̀mkime, gi̇̀mkim	gi̇̀mkite, gi̇̀mkit	tegi̇̀msta

Participles of gimti

adjectival (dalyviai)
	active	passive
present	gi̇̀mstąs, gi̇̀mstantis	gi̇̀mstomas
past	gi̇̀męs	gi̇̀mtas
past frequentative	gi̇̀mdavęs	—
future	gi̇̀msiąs, gi̇̀msiantis	gi̇̀msimas
participle of necessity	—	gi̇̀mtinas

adverbial
special pusdalyvis		gi̇̀mdamas
half-participle padalyviai	present	gi̇̀mstant
	past	gi̇̀mus
	past frequentative	gi̇̀mdavus
	future	gi̇̀msiant
manner of action būdinys		gi̇̀mte, gi̇̀mtinai

Antonyms

mirti

Derived terms

(verb) gimdyti
(verbal noun) gimimas m

Related terms

(verb):

gaminti

(nouns):

giminaitis m/giminaitė f
giminė f

(adjective):

gimtas

Pronunciation 2

IPA^(key): /ɡɪmˈtɪ/

Participle

gimti̇̀ m (past passive)

nominative masculine plural of gimtas

Adjective

gimti̇̀ m

nominative masculine plural of gimtas

References

^ Derksen, Rick (2015) “gimti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 177

Anagrams

migti

[1] Derksen, Rick (2015) “gimti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 177

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